› › The Effect Of Socioeconomic Factors And Healthcare Access Indicators On Covid 19 Vaccination Rates Within U S Communities

The Effect of Socioeconomic Factors and Healthcare Access Indicators on COVID-19 Vaccination Rates Within U.S. Communities

Author : Isabella Rater

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 40,26 MB

Release : 2023

Category :

ISBN :

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PURPOSE: This thesis aims to evaluate the influence of key indicators of healthcare access, socioeconomic factors, and population demographics on COVID-19 vaccination rates among U.S. counties. Moreover, this thesis also serves to examine COVID-19 vaccination rates across the rural-urban continuum. Additionally, we provide insights that illuminate the indicators and behaviors that may be strategically utilized to assist policymakers on COVID-19 vaccination and mitigation strategies. METHODS: We use a three-pronged multivariate linear regression model to analyze the association of health-related factors with COVID-19 vaccination uptake at important phases during the COVID-19 vaccine distribution process. Time 1 signifies the initial phases of the COVID-19 vaccine distribution period when vaccines were moderately accessible; Time 2 signifies one month after the FDA approval of the first COVID-19 vaccine; and Time 3 signifies the end of the vaccination rollout period when the vaccine was widely available to most. To examine the leading research questions, we employ two prominent datasets: 1] the 2021 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps (CHR&R) national dataset from the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute, and 2] the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) national database for COVID-19 vaccinations at the county level. RESULTS: The notable findings throughout all three time periods show statistically significant associations among uninsurance rates, the prevalence of primary care providers per 100,000 population, and the proportion of American Indian and Alaska Native individuals on COVID-19 vaccination coverage.



Dying of Whiteness

Author : Jonathan M. Metzl

Publisher : Basic Books

Page : 354 pages

File Size : 19,67 MB

Release : 2019-03-05

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 1541644964

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Book Description

A physician's "provocative" (Boston Globe) and "timely" (Ibram X. Kendi, New York Times Book Review) account of how right-wing backlash policies have deadly consequences -- even for the white voters they promise to help. In election after election, conservative white Americans have embraced politicians who pledge to make their lives great again. But as physician Jonathan M. Metzl shows in Dying of Whiteness, the policies that result actually place white Americans at ever-greater risk of sickness and death. Interviewing a range of everyday Americans, Metzl examines how racial resentment has fueled progun laws in Missouri, resistance to the Affordable Care Act in Tennessee, and cuts to schools and social services in Kansas. He shows these policies' costs: increasing deaths by gun suicide, falling life expectancies, and rising dropout rates. Now updated with a new afterword, Dying of Whiteness demonstrates how much white America would benefit by emphasizing cooperation rather than chasing false promises of supremacy. Winner of the Robert F. Kennedy Book Award



Relationships Between COVID-19 Infection Rates, Healthcare Access, Socioeconomic Status, and Cultural Diversity

Author : MarGhece P. J. Barnes

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 47,81 MB

Release : 2022

Category : COVID-19 (Disease)

ISBN :

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"The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on racial and ethnic minority groups, with high infection rates throughout those communities. There are a complex set of factors that account for COVID-19 disparities. Focusing on infection and death rates alone without also examining health equity, underestimates the true impact of the pandemic. To gain a more clear understanding of COVID-19’s impact in these communities, we analyzed the relationship between state COVID-19 infection rates with social determinants of health: cultural diversity, health care access, and socioeconomic status. Our approach to identifying this relationship was to estimate infection rates by fitting John Hopkins COVID-19 data to an SIR compartmental model commonly used in epidemiology to model infectious disease. These infection rates were then analyzed as a function of state indices with regard to healthcare access, and socioeconomic status, as well as measures of each states cultural diversity. Nationally we do not see a relationship between COVID-19 infection and removal rates to cultural diversity, healthcare access, and socioeconomic status during the time period. However an analysis of states with the highest and lowest infection rates show that more culturally diverse states had higher infection rates during this time period. In addition, states that ranked low in healthcare access had infections an order of magnitude larger than states with good healthcare access. Alternatively, states grouped by low and high socioeconomic status had similar infection rates."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.



COVID-19 Pandemic and the Social Determinants of Health

Author : Rosemary M. Caron

Publisher : Frontiers Media SA

Page : 229 pages

File Size : 17,61 MB

Release : 2024-07-15

Category : Medical

ISBN : 283255105X

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Book Description

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected those population sectors that experience inequality. Specifically, marginalized racial and ethnic populations with pre-existing health conditions, those living in poverty, those possessing a low education level, hourly wage employees, etc. have experienced an excess burden of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality compared to their White counterparts in developed countries. The interaction of the social determinants of health with a novel virus has made visible the inequities that have been hidden or accustomed to in many communities globally. As we work to end the current pandemic, we must consider the post-COVID-19 pandemic era and address the social determinants of health so that populations start from a place of health, as opposed to a place of disease for the next public health challenge. Syndemic research has demonstrated the interaction among socio-cultural factors, socio-economic factors, structural factors, and individual factors (collectively referred to as the social determinants of health) and infectious disease epidemics (e.g., COVID-19, AIDS) and social epidemics (e.g., structural racism). These interactions can exacerbate and sustain adverse health outcomes for marginalized populations. How can communities improve the social determinants of health for impoverished populations? The importance of doing so would have implications not only for the health status of communities but could also improve economic conditions for these geographic areas. Addressing the social determinants of health for marginalized populations has the potential to improve health for all.



Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 273 pages

File Size : 50,95 MB

Release : 2020-10-30

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309682274

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Book Description

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the societal disruption it has brought, national governments and the international community have invested billions of dollars and immense amounts of human resources to develop a safe and effective vaccine in an unprecedented time frame. Vaccination against this novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), offers the possibility of significantly reducing severe morbidity and mortality and transmission when deployed alongside other public health strategies and improved therapies. Health equity is intertwined with the impact of COVID-19 and there are certain populations that are at increased risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19. In the United States and worldwide, the pandemic is having a disproportionate impact on people who are already disadvantaged by virtue of their race and ethnicity, age, health status, residence, occupation, socioeconomic condition, or other contributing factors. Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine offers an overarching framework for vaccine allocation to assist policy makers in the domestic and global health communities. Built on widely accepted foundational principles and recognizing the distinctive characteristics of COVID-19, this report's recommendations address the commitments needed to implement equitable allocation policies for COVID-19 vaccine.



The Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines on Economic Activity

Author : Mr. Pragyan Deb

Publisher : International Monetary Fund

Page : 47 pages

File Size : 42,63 MB

Release : 2021-10-19

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 1589063767

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Book Description

This paper empirically examines the economic effects of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts using a cross-country daily database of vaccinations and high frequency indicators of economic activity—nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions, carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, and Google mobility indices—for a sample of 46 countries over the period December 16, 2020 to June 20, 2021. Using surprises in vaccines administered, we find that an unexpected increase in vaccination per capita is associated with a significant increase in economic activity. We also find evidence for non-linear effects of vaccines, with the marginal economic benefits being larger when vaccination rates are higher. Country-specific conditions play an important role, with lower economic gains if strict containment measures are in place or if the country is experiencing a severe outbreak. Finally, the results provide evidence of spillovers across borders, highlighting the importance of equitable access to vaccines across nations.



Social Factors, Health Care Inequities and Vaccination

Author : Jennie Jacobs Kronenfeld

Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing

Page : 177 pages

File Size : 46,30 MB

Release : 2023-08-28

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 1837537941

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Book Description

Employing a sociological and broader social sciences approach, this volume draws on a variety of contexts, including the COVID-19 pandemic, to explore wider trends in healthcare and the impact they may have on historically disadvantaged communities.



Socioeconomic Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in New York City

Author : Jessica L. Barbieri

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 24,83 MB

Release : 2021

Category : COVID-19 (Disease)

ISBN :

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"The Coronavirus Pandemic has exposed mass systemic inequalities experienced by vulnerable populations. Vaccines are critical in protecting people from disease and the rest of the damages COVID inflicted on the world, but vaccination distribution might not be equal. The purpose of this thesis is to discover which factors impact uptake of vaccination in New York City. My empirical analysis combines the data on the earnings, educational attainment, gender, age, population size, access to reliable internet, political leanings, and racial makeup of each ZIP code tabulation area (ZCTA) in New York City. The data on vaccination rates is collected at two points of time (May 22, 2021 and February 28, 2022). The two time periods examine the factors of those who had greater access at the beginning of the rollout and then those that are hesitant later in the rollout. Using regression analysis and descriptive statistics, I find that age, earnings, population size, race, and education were significant predictors of vaccination in the earlier rollout phase. Later in the rollout phase, I found that earnings and race were significant predictors of vaccination. ZIP codes that are older, more educated, wealthier, less crowded were more likely to have more vaccinations. As the rollout continued and restrictions on who could be vaccinated lessened, these factors were less significant (if at all) by February 2022. Still, earnings were a highly significant predictor of vaccination."--Abstract.



Communicating COVID-19

Author : Monique Lewis

Publisher : Springer Nature

Page : 410 pages

File Size : 10,8 MB

Release : 2021-10-07

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 303079735X

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Book Description

This book explores communication during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Featuring the work of leading communication scholars from around the world, it offers insights and analyses into how individuals, organisations, communities, and nations have grappled with understanding and responding to the pandemic that has rocked the world. The book examines the role of journalists and news media in constructing meanings about the pandemic, with chapters focusing on public interest journalism, health workers and imagined audiences in COVID-19 news. It considers public health responses in different countries, with chapters examining community-driven approaches, communication strategies of governments and political leaders, public health advocacy, and pandemic inequalities. The role of digital media and technology is also unravelled, including social media sharing of misinformation and memetic humour, crowdsourcing initiatives, the use of data in modelling, tracking and tracing, and strategies for managing uncertainties created in a pandemic.



Addressing the Long-Term Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Children and Families

Author : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 44,48 MB

Release : 2023-12-16

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ISBN : 9780309696951

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Book Description

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on the lives of children and their families, who have faced innumerable challenges such as illness and death; school closures; social isolation; financial hardship; food insecurity; deleterious mental health effects; and difficulties accessing health care. In almost every outcome related to social, emotional, behavioral, educational, mental, physical, and economic health and well-being, families identifying as Black, Latino, and Native American, and those with low incomes, have disproportionately borne the brunt of the negative effects of the pandemic. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and families will be felt for years to come. While these long-term effects are unknown, they are likely to have particularly significant implications for children and families from racially and ethnically minoritized communities and with low incomes. Addressing the Long-Term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Families identifies social, emotional, behavioral, educational, mental, physical, and economic effects of the COVID-10 pandemic and looks at strategies for addressing the challenges and obstacles that the pandemic introduced for children and families in marginalized communities. This report provides recommendations for programs, supports, and interventions to counteract the negative effects of the pandemic on child and family well-being and offers a path forward to recover from the harms of the pandemic, address inequities, and prepare for the future.