The Formation of the State of Oklahoma (1803-1906) (Classic Reprint)


Book Description

Excerpt from The Formation of the State of Oklahoma (1803-1906) The passage of an enabling act for Oklahoma in June, 1906, brought to a close the formation of new states from the Louisiana Purchase. The area included within the limits of Oklahoma was kept free from the jurisdiction of a state government longer than any other part of the acquisition. This was the outcome of a series of events that are of peculiar interest through their intimate connection with the national Indian policy. The promise in the treaty of purchase to admit the inhabitants of Louisiana "to all the rights, advantages, and immunities of American citizens" was fulfilled by the organization of the settled districts near the Mississippi River, but room was left farther west for a vast Indian country, and from this Indian country Oklahoma was the last state formed. The law of May 28, 1830, in connection with a series of treaties, set apart for the Indians the country lying west of Missouri and Arkansas, and provided for the removal thither of numerous tribes, not only from the reservations east of the Mississippi, but also from the states and organized territories west of that river. Between 1840 and 1850 the map showed an "Indian Territory" stretching from the Red River to the Platte, while the Sioux and other tribes retained, almost unnoticed, the country farther north. In a few years, however, conditions led to the organization of the northern portions of this great tract under the names of Nebraska and Kansas, and at the beginning of the Civil War the thirty-seventh parallel was the northern boundary of the area designated as the Indian Territory. From this area, in time, the state of Oklahoma was formed and admitted into the Union. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.







The Formation of the State of Oklahoma


Book Description

Oklahoma, the forty-sixth state admitted to the union, has a history much more interesting and extensive than its relatively recent statehood indicates. Roy Gittinger’s classic study begins in 1803, the year of the Louisiana Purchase, which brought the region into the United States and closes in 1906, when Indian Territory was poised to become the state of Oklahoma. The territory became the home of the Five “Civilized” Tribes—Cherokee, Chickasaw, Creek, Choctaw, and Seminole—in the years following the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Through treaties and Indian removals later in the century, lands were reserved to Plains Indian tribes—the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache in the southwest; Cheyenne and Arapahoe in the west; Iowa, Kickapoo, Pottawatomie, and Shawnee in the central portion; Osage and other tribes in the north and east. The Panhandle was public land and the central region was the Oklahoma District, not open to settlement by whites or possessed by any Indian tribe. In 1889, the Oklahoma District was thrown open to settlement, and the “land run” allowed thousands of home seekers to settle a portion of the vast territory. It set the stage for subsequent openings, for a territorial government, and finally for Oklahoma statehood in 1907. The Formation of the State of Oklahoma gives a definitive account of the original Indian land grant, the treaties that settled tribes in Indian Territory, developments after the tribes settled, the problems raised by white settlement, and the dynamic events that led to the establishment of the commonwealth of Oklahoma.




The University of Oklahoma


Book Description

This book, the first in a projected three-volume definitive history, traces the University’s progress from territorial days to 1917. David W. Levy examines the people and events surrounding the school’s formation and development, chronicling the determined ambition of pioneers to transform a seemingly barren landscape into a place where a worthy institution of higher education could thrive. The University of Oklahoma was established by the territorial legislature in 1890. With that act, Norman became the educational center of the future state. Levy captures the many factors—academic, political, financial, religious—that shaped the University. Drawing on a great depth of research in primary documents, he depicts the University’s struggles to meet its goals as it confronted political interference, financial uncertainty, and troubles ranging from disastrous fires to populist witch hunts. Yet he also portrays determined teachers and optimistic students who understood the value of a college education. Written in an engaging style and enhanced by an array of historical photographs, this volume is a testimony to the citizens who overcame formidable obstacles to build a school that satisfied their ambitions and embodied their hopes for the future.




Progressive Oklahoma


Book Description

Progressive Oklahoma traces Oklahoma’s rapid evolution from pioneer territory to statehood under a model Progressive constitution. Author Danney Goble reasons that the Progressive movement grew as a reaction to an exaggerated species of Gilded Age social values—the notion that an expanding marketplace and unfettered individualism would properly regulate progress. Near the end of the territorial era, that notion was challenged: commercial farmers and trade unionists saw a need to control the market through collective effort, and the sudden appearance of new corporate powers convinced many that the invisible hand of the marketplace had become palsied. After years of territorial setbacks, Oklahoma Democrats readily embraced the Progressive agenda and swept the 1906 constitutional convention elections. They went on to produce for their state a constitution that incorporated such landmark Progressive features as the initiative and referendum, strict corporate regulation, sweeping tax reform, a battery of social justice measures, and provisions for state-owned enterprises. Goble is keenly aware that the Oklahoma experience was closely related to broader changes that shaped the nation at the turn of the century. Progressive Oklahoma examines the elemental changes that transformed Indian Territory into a new kind of state, and its inhabitants into Oklahomans—and modern Americans.




The Choctaws in Oklahoma


Book Description

The Choctaws in Oklahoma begins with the Choctaws' removal from Mississippi to Indian Territory in the 1830s and then traces the history of the tribe's subsequent efforts to retain and expand its rights and to reassert tribal sovereignty in the late twentieth century. This book illustrates the Choctaws' remarkable success in asserting their sovereignty and establishing a national identity in the face of seemingly insurmountable legal obstacles.




The Story of Oklahoma


Book Description

Describes the people and events that have shaped the state's history




Abraham Lincoln and the Western Territories


Book Description

Instead of battling the West with a pistol, Abraham Lincoln tamed America's western territories with his famous pen. By passing laws that offered cheap land, adequate railway transportation, and inexpensive, practical education, Lincoln provided the means for the settlement of the Great American West. By examining policies, problems, and actions,Abraham Lincoln and the Western Territories tells the story of how the Wild West was won for the Union. A Burnham Publishers book




The First and Second United States Empires


Book Description

In the late eighteenth century the fledgling republic of the United States was faced with the problem of devising a form of government to oversee its vast land possessions north and west of the Ohio River. To fill this need, Thomas Jefferson drafted the Ordinance of 1784, which evolved into the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. Deliberately modeled on the British colonial system, it granted territorial governors broad autocratic powers. It defined government in the Northwest, and all other subsequent territories in the public domain. Eblen defines two historical periods (empires): 1787-1848; and 1849-1912; based on government land acquisition. This book describes the nature of government in all the contiguous territories of the United States, offering an original and comprehensive view of the role and meaning of territorial government, and the administration of the Western territories.




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