› › The Gaseous Explosive Reaction

Combustion, Flames and Explosions of Gases

Author : Bernard Lewis

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 754 pages

File Size : 40,85 MB

Release : 2013-10-22

Category : Science

ISBN : 1483258394

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Book Description

Combustion, Flames, and Explosions of Gases, Second Edition focuses on the processes, methodologies, and reactions involved in combustion phenomena. The publication first offers information on theoretical foundations, reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, and reaction between carbon monoxide and oxygen. Discussions focus on the fundamentals of reaction kinetics, elementary and complex reactions in gases, thermal reaction, and combined hydrogen-carbon monoxide-oxygen reaction. The text then elaborates on the reaction between hydrocarbons and oxygen and combustion waves in laminar flow. The manuscript tackles combustion waves in turbulent flow and air entrainment and burning of jets of fuel gases. Topics include effect of turbulence spectrum and turbulent wrinkling on combustion wave propagation; ignition of high-velocity streams by hot solid bodies; burners with primary air entrainment; and description of jet flames. The book then takes a look at detonation waves in gases; emission spectra, ionization, and electric-field effects in flames; and methods of flame photography and pressure recording. The publication is a valuable reference for readers interested in combustion phenomena.







Emergency Response Guidebook

Author : U.S. Department of Transportation

Publisher : Simon and Schuster

Page : 352 pages

File Size : 30,25 MB

Release : 2013-06-03

Category : House & Home

ISBN : 1626363765

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Book Description

Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.



Hydrogen Infrastructure for Energy Applications

Author : Hanane Dagdougui

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 166 pages

File Size : 47,95 MB

Release : 2018-02-03

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0128120355

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Book Description

Hydrogen Infrastructure for Energy Applications: Production, Storage, Distribution and Safety examines methodologies, new models and innovative strategies for the optimization and optimal control of the hydrogen logistic chain, with particular focus on a network of integrated facilities, sources of production, storage systems, infrastructures and the delivery process to the end users through hydrogen refueling stations. The book discusses the main motivations and criteria behind the adoption of hydrogen as an energy carrier or future fuel alternative. It presents current research in hydrogen production processes, especially from renewable energy sources, as well as storage and distribution. The book also reviews methods to model hydrogen demand uncertainties and challenges for the design of the future hydrogen supply chain. The authors go on to explore the network planning of hydrogen infrastructures, the safety and risk issues in hydrogen logistics and their future expectations. Energy engineering professionals, researchers and graduate students will find this a helpful resource to understand the methodologies used to assess the feasibility for developing hydrogen supply chains, hydrogen infrastructure and safety practices. Energy analysts and government agents can benefit from the book's detailed discussion of hydrogen energy applicability. - Describes in detail the current state of the available approaches for the planning and modeling of the hydrogen infrastructure - Discusses safety issues related to hydrogen in different components of its logistic chain and the methodological approach to evaluate risks that results from hydrogen accidents, including a mathematical model to assess the hazard and consequences of an accident scenario of hydrogen in pipelines - Proposes a decision support system for hydrogen energy exploitation, focusing on some specific planning aspects, such as selection of locations with high hydrogen production, based mainly on the use of solar and wind energies - Presents a short-term scenario of hydrogen distribution for automotive use, with a concrete, detailed, operative plan for a network of refueling service stations for the hydrogen economy



Introduction to Physics and Chemistry of Combustion

Author : Michael A. Liberman

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 368 pages

File Size : 20,7 MB

Release : 2010-03-14

Category : Science

ISBN : 3540787593

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Book Description

Most of the material covered in this book deals with the fundamentals of chemistry and physics of key processes and fundamental mechanisms for various combustion and combustion related phenomena in gaseous combustible mixture. It provides the reader with basic knowledge of burning processes and mechanisms of reaction wave propagation. The combustion of a gas mixture (flame, explosion, detonation) is necessarily accompanied by motion of the gas. The process of combustion is therefore not only a chemical phenomenon but also one of gas dynamics. The material selection focuses on the gas phase and with premixed gas combustion. Premixed gas combustion is of practical importance in engines, modern gas turbine and explosions, where the fuel and air are essentially premixed, and combustion occurs by the propagation of a front separating unburned mixture from fully burned mixture. Since premixed combustion is the most fundamental and potential for practical applications, the emphasis in the present work is be placed on regimes of premixed combustion. This text is intended for graduate students of different specialties, including physics, chemistry, mechanical engineering, computer science, mathematics and astrophysics.



Explosive Shocks in Air

Author : Gilbert F. Kinney

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 281 pages

File Size : 11,98 MB

Release : 2013-11-11

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3642866824

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Book Description

A purpose of science is to organize diversified factual knowledge into a coherent body of information, and to present this from the simplest possible viewpoint. This is a formidable task where our knowledge is incomplete, as it is with explosions. Here one runs the risk of oversimplification, naivete, and incom pleteness. Nevertheless a purpose of this work is to present as simply as possible a general description of the basic nature of explosions. This treatise should be of interest to all who are working with explosives such as used in construction or in demolition work, in mining operations, or in military applications. It should also be of interest to those concemed with disasters such as explosions or earthquakes, to those involved in civil defense precautions, and to those concemed with defense against terrorists. That is, this material should be of interest to all who wish to utilize, or to avoid, the effects of explosions as weil as to those whose interest is primarily scientific in nature.



Emerging Nanotechnologies in Rechargeable Energy Storage Systems

Author : Lide M Rodriguez-Martinez

Publisher : William Andrew

Page : 348 pages

File Size : 14,11 MB

Release : 2017-02-06

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0323429963

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Book Description

Emerging Nanotechnologies in Rechargeable Energy Storage Systems addresses the technical state-of-the-art of nanotechnology for rechargeable energy storage systems. Materials characterization and device-modeling aspects are covered in detail, with additional sections devoted to the application of nanotechnology in batteries for electrical vehicles. In the later part of the book, safety and regulatory issues are thoroughly discussed. Users will find a valuable source of information on the latest developments in nanotechnology in rechargeable energy storage systems. This book will be of great use to researchers and graduate students in the fields of nanotechnology, electrical energy storage, and those interested in materials and electrochemical cell development. - Gives readers working in the rechargeable energy storage sector a greater awareness on how novel nanotechnology oriented methods can help them develop higher-performance batteries and supercapacitor systems - Provides focused coverage of the development, process, characterization techniques, modeling, safety and applications of nanomaterials for rechargeable energy storage systems - Presents readers with an informed choice in materials selection for rechargeable energy storage devices



Reducing the Threat of Improvised Explosive Device Attacks by Restricting Access to Explosive Precursor Chemicals

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 215 pages

File Size : 39,73 MB

Release : 2018-05-19

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0309464072

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Book Description

Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are a type of unconventional explosive weapon that can be deployed in a variety of ways, and can cause loss of life, injury, and property damage in both military and civilian environments. Terrorists, violent extremists, and criminals often choose IEDs because the ingredients, components, and instructions required to make IEDs are highly accessible. In many cases, precursor chemicals enable this criminal use of IEDs because they are used in the manufacture of homemade explosives (HMEs), which are often used as a component of IEDs. Many precursor chemicals are frequently used in industrial manufacturing and may be available as commercial products for personal use. Guides for making HMEs and instructions for constructing IEDs are widely available and can be easily found on the internet. Other countries restrict access to precursor chemicals in an effort to reduce the opportunity for HMEs to be used in IEDs. Although IED attacks have been less frequent in the United States than in other countries, IEDs remain a persistent domestic threat. Restricting access to precursor chemicals might contribute to reducing the threat of IED attacks and in turn prevent potentially devastating bombings, save lives, and reduce financial impacts. Reducing the Threat of Improvised Explosive Device Attacks by Restricting Access to Explosive Precursor Chemicals prioritizes precursor chemicals that can be used to make HMEs and analyzes the movement of those chemicals through United States commercial supply chains and identifies potential vulnerabilities. This report examines current United States and international regulation of the chemicals, and compares the economic, security, and other tradeoffs among potential control strategies.



Prudent Practices in the Laboratory

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 360 pages

File Size : 30,67 MB

Release : 2011-03-25

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309211581

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Book Description

Prudent Practices in the Laboratory-the book that has served for decades as the standard for chemical laboratory safety practice-now features updates and new topics. This revised edition has an expanded chapter on chemical management and delves into new areas, such as nanotechnology, laboratory security, and emergency planning. Developed by experts from academia and industry, with specialties in such areas as chemical sciences, pollution prevention, and laboratory safety, Prudent Practices in the Laboratory provides guidance on planning procedures for the handling, storage, and disposal of chemicals. The book offers prudent practices designed to promote safety and includes practical information on assessing hazards, managing chemicals, disposing of wastes, and more. Prudent Practices in the Laboratory will continue to serve as the leading source of chemical safety guidelines for people working with laboratory chemicals: research chemists, technicians, safety officers, educators, and students.