First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving


Book Description

There are many kinds of books on formal logic. Some have philosophers as their intended audience, some mathematicians, some computer scientists. Although there is a common core to all such books they will be very dif ferent in emphasis, methods, and even appearance. This book is intended for computer scientists. But even this is not precise. Within computer sci ence formal logic turns up in a number of areas, from program verification to logic programming to artificial intelligence. This book is intended for computer scientists interested in automated theorem proving in classical logic. To be more precise yet, it is essentially a theoretical treatment, not a how-to book, although how-to issues are not neglected. This does not mean, of course, that the book will be of no interest to philosophers or mathematicians. It does contain a thorough presentation of formal logic and many proof techniques, and as such it contains all the material one would expect to find in a course in formal logic covering completeness but not incompleteness issues. The first item to be addressed is, what are we talking about and why are we interested in it. We are primarily talking about truth as used in mathematical discourse, and our interest in it is, or should be, self-evident. Truth is a semantic concept, so we begin with models and their properties. These are used to define our subject.




Introduction to HOL


Book Description

Higher-Order Logic (HOL) is a proof development system intended for applications to both hardware and software. It is principally used in two ways: for directly proving theorems, and as theorem-proving support for application-specific verification systems. HOL is currently being applied to a wide variety of problems, including the specification and verification of critical systems. Introduction to HOL provides a coherent and self-contained description of HOL containing both a tutorial introduction and most of the material that is needed for day-to-day work with the system. After a quick overview that gives a "hands-on feel" for the way HOL is used, there follows a detailed description of the ML language. The logic that HOL supports and how this logic is embedded in ML, are then described in detail. This is followed by an explanation of the theorem-proving infrastructure provided by HOL. Finally two appendices contain a subset of the reference manual, and an overview of the HOL library, including an example of an actual library documentation.




Isabelle/HOL


Book Description

This volume is a self-contained introduction to interactive proof in high- order logic (HOL), using the proof assistant Isabelle 2002. Compared with existing Isabelle documentation, it provides a direct route into higher-order logic, which most people prefer these days. It bypasses ?rst-order logic and minimizes discussion of meta-theory. It is written for potential users rather than for our colleagues in the research world. Another departure from previous documentation is that we describe Markus Wenzel’s proof script notation instead of ML tactic scripts. The l- ter make it easier to introduce new tactics on the ?y, but hardly anybody does that. Wenzel’s dedicated syntax is elegant, replacing for example eight simpli?cation tactics with a single method, namely simp, with associated - tions. The book has three parts. – The ?rst part, Elementary Techniques, shows how to model functional programs in higher-order logic. Early examples involve lists and the natural numbers. Most proofs are two steps long, consisting of induction on a chosen variable followed by the auto tactic. But even this elementary part covers such advanced topics as nested and mutual recursion. – The second part, Logic and Sets, presents a collection of lower-level tactics that you can use to apply rules selectively. It also describes I- belle/HOL’s treatment of sets, functions, and relations and explains how to de?ne sets inductively. One of the examples concerns the theory of model checking, and another is drawn from a classic textbook on formal languages.







Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics


Book Description

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (TPHOLs 2001) held 3–6 September 2001 in Edinburgh, Scotland. TPHOLs covers all aspects of theorem proving in higher order logics, as well as related topics in theorem proving and veri?cation. TPHOLs 2001 was collocated with the 11th Advanced Research Working Conference on Correct Hardware Design and Veri?cation Methods (CHARME 2001). This was held 4–7 September 2001 in nearby Livingston, Scotland at the Institute for System Level Integration, and a joint half-day session of talks was arranged for the 5th September in Edinburgh. An excursion to Traquair House and a banquet in the Playfair Library of Old College, University of Edinburgh were also jointly organized. The proceedings of CHARME 2001 have been p- lished as volume 2144 of Springer-Verlag’s Lecture Notes in Computer Science series, with Tiziana Margaria and Tom Melham as editors. Each of the 47 papers submitted in the full research category was refereed by at least 3 reviewers who were selected by the Program Committee. Of these submissions, 23 were accepted for presentation at the conference and publication in this volume. In keeping with tradition, TPHOLs 2001 also o?ered a venue for the presentation of work in progress, where researchers invite discussion by means of a brief preliminary talk and then discuss their work at a poster session. A supplementary proceedings containing associated papers for work in progress was published by the Division of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh.




Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics, TPHOLs '98, held in Canberra, Australia, in September/October 1998. The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 52 submissions. Also included are two invited papers. The papers address all current aspects of theorem proving in higher order logics and formal verification and program analysis. Besides the HOL system, the theorem provers Coq, Isabelle, LAMBDA, LEGO, NuPrl, and PVS are discussed.




Automated Deduction - CADE 28


Book Description

This open access book constitutes the proceeding of the 28th International Conference on Automated Deduction, CADE 28, held virtually in July 2021. The 29 full papers and 7 system descriptions presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. CADE is the major forum for the presentation of research in all aspects of automated deduction, including foundations, applications, implementations, and practical experience. The papers are organized in the following topics: Logical foundations; theory and principles; implementation and application; ATP and AI; and system descriptions.




Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics


Book Description

Felty PuzzleTool:AnExampleofProgrammingComputationandDeduction . . 214 MichaelJ. C. Gordon AFormalApproachtoProbabilisticTermination. ... ... 230 JoeHurd UsingTheoremProvingforNumericalAnalysis. ... ... . 246 MicaelaMayero QuotientTypes:AModularApproach. ... ... ... 263 AlekseyNogin SequentSchemaforDerivedRules ... ... ... . 281 AlekseyNogin, JasonHickey AlgebraicStructuresandDependentRecords ... ... . 298 VirgilePrevosto, DamienDoligez, Thþ er` eseHardin ProvingtheEquivalenceofMicrostepandMacrostepSemantics. ... 314 KlausSchneider WeakestPreconditionforGeneralRecursiveProgramsFormalizedinCoq.




Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics


Book Description

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the16th International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (TPHOLs 2003) held September 8–12, 2003 in Rome, Italy. TPHOLs covers all aspects of theorem proving in higher order logics as well as related topics in theorem proving and veri?cation. TPHOLs 2003 was co-located with TABLEAUX, the International Con- rence on Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods, and with Calculemus, the Symposium on the Integration of Symbolic Compu- tion and Mechanized Reasoning. There were 50 papers submitted to TPHOLs in the full research category, each of which was refereed by at least 3 reviewers, selected by the program c- mittee.Ofthesesubmissions,21wereacceptedforpresentationattheconference and publication in this volume. In keeping with tradition, TPHOLs 2003 also o?ered a venue for the presentation of work in progress, where researchers - vite discussion by means of a brief preliminary talk and then discuss their work at a poster session. A supplementary proceedings containing associated papers for work in progress was published by the computer science department at the Universit ̈ at Freiburg. The organizers are grateful to Jean-Raymond Abrial, Patrick Lincoln, and Dale Miller for agreeing to give invited talks at TPHOLs 2003. The TPHOLs conference traditionally changes continent each year in order to maximize the chances that researchers from around the world can attend.




Automated Reasoning


Book Description

methods, description logics and related logics, sati?ability modulo theory, decidable logics, reasoning about programs, and higher-order logics.