Author : Aberra Senbeta
Publisher :
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 39,18 MB
Release : 2009
Category : Econometric models
ISBN :
This dissertation studies how foreign aid impacts poverty and economic growth and addresses three interrelated issues: whether aid reduces poverty, how aid affects economic growth, and whether the poverty mitigating role of aid depends on the levels of poverty.
Author : Hongwei Song
Publisher :
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 12,65 MB
Release : 2015
Category : Economic assistance
ISBN : 9781321960303
Recent years have seen a burgeoning interest in the issue of foreign aid especially in the context of developmental economics. As foreign aid is designed to help those less-privileged nations with developmental objectives such as poverty reduction and/or economic growth, fundamental questions include whether aid has been effective and what motivates donors to provide aid. This dissertation is composed of three essays that examine different issues concerning foreign aid. First, I focus on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and its impact on aid allocation among sectors. If specification of the MDGs affected aid flows, it should be observed that more financial resources were given after the MDGs were announced. Moreover, sectors associated with the MDGs should have received more aid. Second, researchers do not agree on the effect of aid on the recipient countries' economic growth. I apply social network theory to analyze the aid environment as a two-mode network. Network-based indicators are developed to capture aid connectivity and I find a positive relationship between the aid connectivity and the recipient countries' average annual growth of GDP. Third, I look at two donors (South Korea and Turkey) who have transitioned from aid recipients to donors. Having experienced rapid economic development while receiving foreign assistance, these two nations may have a better understanding of how to make aid more effective for recipients. I then compared their aid allocation patterns with traditional donors.
Author : Shaomeng Jia
Publisher :
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 10,48 MB
Release : 2018
Category :
ISBN :
The first essay revisits the highly debated aid-policy-growth association with updated data. The results overturn Burnside and Dollar's original findings by simply using new data over the same countries and years. Additional tests indicate that the original results are mainly sample driven. Marginal effects from the extended sample (1962-2013) provide some evidence that aid can promote growth in the presence of good policies. Post-Cold War (1990-2013) analysis, however, reveals that aid may decrease growth at any level of policy. The overwhelming majority of the results suggest aid conditional on policy is ineffective. This essay illustrates why the debate continues by showing that the results are highly sensitive to country-year selection, choice of methodology, instrumental variable selection, measurement of institutional quality, and growth rate measurement. Depending on a number of factors, both sides of the debate can be right. The second essay investigates the question "does foreign aid promote entrepreneurship?" This question has not been investigated in the existing literature. With a panel of 38 countries during 2005 to 2014, this research connects aid and recipient countries' entrepreneurial activities. Aggregate aid tends to only boost necessity driven early-stage entrepreneurship and benefit low-income entrepreneurs. Aid to infrastructure promotes entrepreneurship driven by both opportunity and necessity motivations. It also incentivizes more entrepreneurs to compete with homogeneous products. Evidence also suggests that both aggregate aid and infrastructural aid discourages adoption of state of the art technologies, raises business failure rate, and is associated more with necessity-driven early-stage entrepreneurial activities for females.The third research examines the cross-country effectiveness of Aid for Trade (AfT) policy during 2004 to 2013. AfT targets trade liberalization through reducing trade costs and facilitating exports in recipient countries. This development policy has attracted much attention despite the doubts of effectiveness of foreign aid in general. Overall, this paper does not find evidence supporting AfT reducing trade costs or enlarging exports or imports. However, aid to economic infrastructure is positively related to service exports; it also connects aid recipient countries more closely with high-income donor countries via importing more merchandise from each other. At the same time, recipient countries import less from other low and middle income neighboring countries. In terms of sectoral AfT, aid to industry sector decreases manufactured imports, either due to substitution toward domestic manufactured products or because of higher tariffs of manufactured products.
Author : David Brady
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 937 pages
File Size : 19,52 MB
Release : 2016
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0199914052
The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty builds a common scholarly ground in the study of poverty by bringing together an international, inter-disciplinary group of scholars to provide their perspectives on the issue. Contributors engage in discussions about the leading theories and conceptual debates regarding poverty, the most salient topics in poverty research, and the far-reaching consequences of poverty on the individual and societal level.
Author : Jonathan Glennie
Publisher : Springer
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 25,94 MB
Release : 2016-05-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1137572728
The authors discuss the impact of foreign aid and tackle the question of why assessing the impact of aid is so difficult. The authors focus on peer-reviewed, cross-country studies published over the last decade and draw together some global-level assessments, considering the context and conditions under which aid might be said to ‘work’. Glennie and Sumner argue that the evidence in four areas shows signs of convergence that may have direct relevance for policy decisions on aid and for aid effectiveness discussions. These are as follows: Aid levels (meaning if aid is too low or too high); Domestic political institutions (including political stability and extent of decentralisation); Aid composition (including sectors, modalities, objectives and time horizons); and Aid volatility and fragmentation. Notably, this study finds that there is no consensus that the effectiveness of aid depends on orthodox economic policies.
Author : Lord Peter Tamas Bauer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 32,52 MB
Release : 2009-01-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1400824648
Peter Bauer, a pioneer of development economics, is an incisive thinker whose work continues to influence fields from political science to history to anthropology. As Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen writes in the introduction to this book, "the originality, force, and extensive bearing of his writings have been quite astonishing." This collection of Bauer's essays reveals the full power and range of his thought as well as the central concern that underlies so much of his diverse work: the impact of people's conduct, their cultural institutions, and the policies of their governments on economic progress. The papers here cover pressing and controversial issues, including the process that transforms a subsistence economy into an exchange economy, the reputed correlation between poverty and population density, the alleged responsibility of the West for Third World poverty, the often counterproductive results of foreign aid, and the effects of egalitarian policies on individual freedoms. Bauer addresses these and other matters with clarity, verve, and wit, combining his deep understanding of economic theory and methodology with keen insights into human nature. The book is a penetrating account of how to develop a prosperous economy alongside a free and fair society and a stimulating introduction to the work of a man who has done so much to shape our modern understanding of developing economies and of the relationship of economics to the other social sciences. "This selection of essays will give readers a wonderful opportunity to learn about the rich world of cognizance and analysis erected by one of the great architects of political economy. I feel privileged to be able to offer this letter of invitation."--From the introduction by Amartya Sen, Nobel Laureate in economics
Author : A. Sumner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 13,78 MB
Release : 2012-12-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 113729888X
Sumner and Mallett review the literature on aid in light of shifts in the aid system and the increasing concentration of the world's poor in middle-income countries. As a consequence, they propose a series of practical, policy relevant options for future development cooperation, with the aim of provoking discussion and informing policy.
Author : Jim Freedman
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 17,29 MB
Release : 2000-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780802080516
Foreign aid is now known more for its failures than its successes, leading to claims in academic and policy circles that foreign aid has outlived its usefulness. Instead of foreseeing the end of foreign, these essays show how it might be restored.
Author : George Mavrotas
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 40,63 MB
Release : 2010-02-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0191610445
Foreign aid is one of the few topics in the development discourse with such an uninterrupted, yet volatile history in terms of interest and attention from academics, policymakers, and practitioners alike. Does aid work in promoting growth and reducing poverty in the developing world? Will a new 'big push' approach accelerate progress towards the Millennium Development Goals or will another opportunity be missed? Can the lessons of almost half a century of aid giving be learnt? These are truly important questions in view of the emerging new landscape in foreign aid and recent developments related to the global financial crisis, which are expected to have far reaching implications for both donors and recipients engaged in this area. Against this shifting aid landscape, there is a pressing need to evaluate progress to date and shed new light on emerging issues and agendas. This volume brings together leading aid experts to review the progress achieved so far, identify the challenges ahead, and discuss the emerging policy agenda in foreign aid. A central conclusion of this important and timely volume is that, since development aid remains crucial for many developing countries, a huge effort is needed from both donors and aid recipients to overcome the inefficiencies and make aid work better for poor people. After all, as global citizens, we have a moral obligation to do the best we can to lift people out of poverty in the developing world. The findings of this book will be of considerable interest to professionals and policymakers engaged in policy reforms in foreign aid, and provide an essential one-stop reference for students of development, international finance, and economics.
Author : William Easterly
Publisher : London Publishing Partnership
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 41,49 MB
Release : 2016-10-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0255367325
Foreign aid and overseas military intervention have been important and controversial political topics for over a decade. The government’s controversial target to spend 0.7 per cent of national income on foreign aid has been widely welcomed by some, but strongly criticised by others. Furthermore, the controversy of the Iraq war rumbles on, even today. This is all happening amongst much instability in many parts of the world. In this short book, a number of authors challenge the assumption that we can bring about economic development and promote liberal democracies through direct foreign intervention – whether economic or military intervention. The lead author, William Easterly, drawing on his wide experience at the World Bank and as an academic, is a renowned sceptic of intervention. He points out that solutions proposed now to the problem of poverty are identical to solutions proposed decades ago – but the plans of rich governments simply do not successfully transform poor countries. Academics Abigail Hall-Blanco and Christian Bjornskov add further context and put forward empirical evidence that backs up Easterly’s argument. Syvlie Aboa-Bradwell draws upon her own practical experience to give examples of how people in poor countries can be assisted to promote their own development. This book is essential reading for students, teachers and all interested in better understanding how to help – and how not to help – the world’s most disadvantaged peoples.
