Extrusion Problems Solved


Book Description

Extrusion is widely used for the preparation of a variety of foodstuffs including breakfast cereals, snack food and pasta, as well as pet food and animal and aquaculture feed. Extrusion problems solved provides responses to more than 300 frequently asked questions about the process of food extrusion and the techniques and equipment involved, in a practical question-and-answer format.The book is divided into twelve chapters for ease of reference: the opening chapters concentrate on introductory queries and on different components of an extruder system, followed by two chapters that help the reader select the correct type of extruder for a product. Chapters five and six discuss the impact of factors such as protein content and particle size on the extrusion process, while the use of pre-conditioners is discussed in chapter seven. The latter part of the book discusses specific types of extruder and die and knife assemblies, followed by a chapter on issues relating to drying extruded food products. The final chapter offers practical guidelines and rules of thumb for the most common issues relating to food and feed extrusion.Written by two leading experts in the field, Extrusion problems solved is an essential reference source and troubleshooting guide for professionals working in food, pet food and feed extrusion. It will also be a valuable training resource for students of extrusion. Offers practical guidelines and rules of thumb for the most common food and feed extrusion problems Chapters concentrate on introductory queries, types of extruder and components of extruder systems, knife assemblies, the use of pre-conditioners and issues in drying extruded food products Provides responses to more than 300 frequently asked questions about the processes, equipment and techniques of food extrusion in a practical question-and-answer format




Troubleshooting the Extrusion Process


Book Description

Troubleshooting extrusion problems is one of the most challenging tasks in extrusion operations, requiring a good understanding of the extrusion process and the material properties, good instrumentation, good analysis tools, and a systematic and logical approach. This book addresses all issues crucial in extrusion troubleshooting. Additionally, it includes industrial case studies, richly illustrated with photographs and photomicrographs, used to provide exemplary approaches to efficient problem analysis and problem solving. The interconnectivity between the different relevant knowledge areas such as materials engineering, processing technology, and product development is emphasized. This revised third edition comprises a very significant update, with a great deal of new content, especially focusing on additional case studies as well as new sections on collection and interpretation of extrusion process data, rotational rheometry, the smartphone, how screw design can affect extruder performance, melt temperature variation, recent research on automatic optimization of extruder barrel temperatures, process signal analysis using Fast Fourier Transform, among other topics.




Extrusion


Book Description

Why is it important to get to equilibrium and how long does it take? Are there problems running polypropylene profiles on a single screw extruder? Does the job involve compounding color concentrates on a corotating twin screw extruder? This unique reference work is designed to aid operators, engineers, and managers in quickly answering such practical day-to-day questions in extrusion processing. This comprehensive volume is divided into 7 Parts. It contains detailed reference data on such important operating conditions as temperatures, start-up procedures, shear rates, pressure drops, and safety. This reference is a practical guide to extrusion bringing together both the equipment and materials processing aspects. It provides basic and advanced topics about the thermoplastics processing in the extruder, for reference and training. Parts 1 û 3, emphasize the fundamentals, for operators and engineers, of polymeric materials extrusion processing in single and twin screw extruders. Parts 4 û 7 treat advanced topics including troubleshooting, auxiliary equipment, and coextrusion for operators, engineers, and managers. Extensive applications in Part 7 cover such contemporary areas as compounding, blown film, extrusion blow molding, coating, foam, and reprocessing. Each chapter includes review topics.




Analyzing and Troubleshooting Single-Screw Extruders


Book Description

The book teaches the fundamentals of single-screw extrusion such that fast troubleshooting and process optimization and design are possible. The fundamental processes that are occurring in the machine are developed from the natural reference point of a rotating screw rather the traditional rotating barrel. These fundamentals are then combined with the chemistry of polymers and the physical properties related to processing to troubleshoot and optimize extrusion processes. Many industrial extrusion problem case studies are presented. In each case study, the root cause of the problem is identified along with the solution. A fundamental view of the processes that occur in a single-screw machine from the natural reference frame; i.e., screw rotation. The theory is discussed and compared to experimental data and to a rotating barrel reference frame. Topics include: polymerization chemistry and degradation mechanisms for polymers, physical properties related to processing (e.g., rheology, heat capacity, dynamic friction, bulk density and pellet compaction, melt density), and 30+ case studies for troubleshooting extrusion problems. A detailed description of the problem and the solution is presented so the reader can implement the solution on their own equipment.







Extrusion


Book Description

The second edition of Extrusion is designed to aid operators, engineers, and managers in extrusion processing in quickly answering practical day-to-day questions. The first part of the book provides the fundamental principles, for operators and engineers, of polymeric materials extrusion processing in single and twin screw extruders. The next section covers advanced topics including troubleshooting, auxiliary equipment, and coextrusion for operators, engineers, and managers. The final part provides applications case studies in key areas for engineers such as compounding, blown film, extrusion blow molding, coating, foam, and reprocessing. This practical guide to extrusion brings together both equipment and materials processing aspects. It covers basic and advanced topics, for reference and training, in thermoplastics processing in the extruder. Detailed reference data are provided on such important operating conditions as temperatures, start-up procedures, shear rates, pressure drops, and safety. A practical guide to the selection, design and optimization of extrusion processes and equipment Designed to improve production efficiency and product quality Focuses on practical fault analysis and troubleshooting techniques




Successful Trouble Shooting for Process Engineers


Book Description

Chemical production processes consist of many complex apparatuses involving both moving and static parts as well as interconnecting pipes, control mechanisms and electronics, mechanical and thermal stages, heat exchangers, waste and side product processing units, power ducts and many others. Bringing such a complicated unit online and ensuring its continued productivity requires substantial skill at anticipating, detecting and solving acute problems. This book is the professional's and student's entrance to the fascinating and important world of trouble shooting for chemical, pharmaceutical and other production processes.




Die Design for Extrusion of Plastic Tubes and Pipes


Book Description

"Die Design for Extrusion of Plastic Tubes and Pipes" covers this topic from a uniquely practical perspective. The content draws on the author's over 50 years of experience in the plastics processing industry, most recently as head of the successful extrusion die manufacturing company he established in 1995. His approach is oriented toward solving production problems at the design stage using computer aided techniques for design and simulation of the plastic flow. The book provides a step-by-step guide to extrusion die design, with worked examples to illustrate problem solving. It is shown how important melt flow variables (e.g., pressure drop, shear stress, shear rate, temperature variations, and distribution variations, etc.) of key materials are determined using FEM software. The detailed drawings of complete dies for various applications that are provided constitute a rare and valuable resource. Both mono- and multilayer pipes are covered. Using the proven methods and examples from this book, the reader is well-equipped to understand dies for successful manufacture of tubes and pipes of many types. Contents: Basic Considerations Project Planning Design of a Simple Die Simulation of Melt Flow Spiral Die Monolayer Die for Tubes ∅1 mm to ∅6 mm Monolayer Die for Tubes ∅4 mm to ∅16 mm Monolayer Die for Pipes ∅50 mm to ∅125 mm Monolayer Die for Pipes ∅140 mm to ∅315 mm Coextrusion Pipe Dies Coextrusion Die (∅5 mm to ∅16 mm) Coextrusion Three-Layer Die (∅20 mm to ∅65 mm) Three-Layer-Plus-Striping Die for ∅25 mm to ∅110 mm Pipes Materials for Extrusion Dies