Top Minnows in Relation to Malaria Control, With Notes on Their Habits and Distribution (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from Top Minnows in Relation to Malaria Control, With Notes on Their Habits and Distribution The seriousness of malaria as a disease in the Southern States of this country generally has not been realized in the past, and, since it is the immediate cause of death less frequently than a number of other diseases, it has not received the attention which it justly de serves. Dr. H. B. Carter, Assistant Surgeon General, United States Public Health Service, who, because of his many years of close study and extensive experience, is well qualified to Speak as an authority on the subject, says 1 In the United States where it seriously pre vails it is the most injurious of all diseases. I do not except typhoid, nor for the South, pellagra, nor tuberculosis. First, ma laria is one of the diseases that debilitates and thus increases the fatality of other diseases. I am very sure it is a factor in many deaths in which it is not the terminal factor. I think it causes many more deaths than are ascribed to it. Nor is the number of deaths a fair criterion, a fair measure, of the damage that a disease does. Surely the disability that it causes, the loss of efficiency, is of importance. And it is the amount of malaria that appals. T here is so much of it where it exists. If you have half of 1 per cent typhoid cases in a city in a year, you count it as an epidemic, or a serious problem. Five per thousand; certainly that is serious. We scarcely consider malaria to prevail unless we have at least 10 to 12 per cent of cases a year; 25 per cent is common and 50 per cent is not rare, and at times we find 90 to 100 per cent. Prosperity is not com patible with the prevalence of malaria. That is true of few diseases. Take yellow fever. I would by no means belittle the damage it does, but it does not do the harm to the community that malaria does. Habana was a prosperous city with endemic yellow fever. New Orleans was prosperous with many epidemics. But I defy you to show me one single place inhabited by white people where malaria seriously prevails which is prosperous. It does not exist. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.










Mosquito Control in Panama


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Excerpt from Mosquito Control in Panama: The Eradication of Malaria and Yellow Fever in Cuba and Panama President Roosevelt early appreciated the fact that great as were the engineering difficulties to be surmounted in the making of the Panama Canal, the difficulties of sanitation would be fully as great, if not greater, and, before the first Canal Commission was appointed, he told a committee of the American Medical Association, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the New York Academy of Medicine, consisting of Doctor Welch and Doctor Osier of Baltimore, Doctor Musser of Philadelphia, Doctor Bryant of New York, and the writer, that it was his intention to seek for the best man in the world for the task, to pay him whatever would be necessary, and to give him full power. Fortunately, the man needed was found in the person of Colonel (now General) Gorgas, fresh from his triumphant cleaning up of Havana with the consequent elimination of yellow fever and malaria. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.




The Prevention of Malaria (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from The Prevention of Malaria Malarial fever is perhaps the most important of human diseases. Though it is not often directly fatal, its wide prevalence in almost all warm climates produces in the aggregate an enormous amount of sickness and mortality. In India alone it has been officially estimated to cause a mean annual death-rate of five per thousand; that is, to kill every year on the average 1,130,000 persons - a population equal to that of a great city. This is more than the mortality of plague at its height or of cholera and dysentery combined. The total amount of sickness due to it is incalculable, but may be put by a rough estimate at between a quarter and a half the total sickness in many tropical countries. Often all the children and most of the adults are infected by it. Unlike many epidemic diseases it is not transient, but remains for ever in the areas which it has once invaded. It tends to abound most in the most fertile countries, and at the season most suitable for agriculture. Very malarious places cannot be prosperous: the wealthy shun them; those who remain are too sickly for hard work; and such localities often end by being deserted by all save a few miserable inhabitants. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.




Impounding Water in a Bayou to Control Breeding of Malaria Mosquitoes (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from Impounding Water in a Bayou to Control Breeding of Malaria Mosquitoes Of course complete drainage of surface water is the logical method of Anopheles control Where that method applies, but in the absence of a' drainage outlet, and in the presence of surface water favor able for Anopheles breeding throughout the season, other means must be given local consideration. In any consideration of drain age in the Delta it is necessary to note that the streams of this region flow away from the river, that the 's10pe of the land is from the bayou bank toward the-swamp' areas on either side, and that the fall in the bed of the bayou averages less than a foot to the mile. Under these conditions the question of drainage involves an extensive area; itis not a matter which the plantation owners can consider individually. The idea of impounding water to suppress mosquito breeding is rather foreign to the general conception of the effect of impounded water upon mosquito production. The relation which impounded water will bear to mosquito production depends altogether upon the conditions under which the work is done and the changes brought about in comparison to the natural conditions. In. The question of impounding water in a bayou we must consider the natural character of such a stream and the relation of the stream to the roadways of the plantation and the habitations of the people who cultivate the land. The bayou bank is the logical location for the houses of the tenants and it is important to control the breeding of Anopheles in this near by source. The bayou under natural conditions favors mosquito pro duction but under impounded-conditions does not. The change in conditions is brought about by the preliminary clearing and by the provision for a permanent water level sufficiently high to suppress the growth of aquatic vegetation. Following these Operations, the maintenance of a clean margin is all important. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.




A Plea and a Plan for the Eradication of Malaria Throughout the Western Hemisphere (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from A Plea and a Plan for the Eradication of Malaria Throughout the Western Hemisphere In Jamaica a malaria commission was appointed; it served for a few years, rendered some admirable reports, achieved some far-reaching practical results, but was permitted to terminate because of govern mental indifference and neglect.* The relatively small amount of money involved in antimalarial measures in the island of Jamaica could have been saved to advantage from almost any other item of public revenue, with the practical certainty that no other expenditure would prove productive of equally far-reaching social and economic results to the population concerned. This most beautiful island of the West Indies is a hundred years behind in the achievement of its most obvious commercial and social possibilities, largely because of the extensive prevalence of malaria, the impaired physique of the natives, the impossi bility of profitable cultivation of large infected areas, and the com plications resulting from malaria in the increased seriousness of many other diseases. But in this respect many sections of our Southern States have not done much better, and as yet not a single Southern state has gone so far as to appoint a malaria commission or official state committee for the purpose of making even a preliminary state survey for the ascertainment of all the essential facts and conditions which require to be known. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.




Malaria at Home and Abroad (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from Malaria at Home and Abroad For some months in 1917 and 1918, under arrangements made by the War Office and the Local Government Board, I held a series Of practical classes on malaria, which were attended by Officers Of the Royal Army Medical Corps and by civilian Medical Officers Of Health. The authorities of the London School Of Tropical Medicine courteously provided accommodation and facilities for laboratory work, and Sir Patrick Manson, Colonel Alcock, Dr. Daniels and Dr Leiper generously gave me their personal assistance, which ensured the success Of each course of lectures and demonstrations. At the conclusion Of the series I summarised the subject-matter of my demonstrations in an article entitled Practical points in the study of malaria and its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, which was published by the Local Government Board in no. 119 of their Public Health Reports. The present book is a fuller account Of the subjects reviewed in that article, and is intended to be an elementary guide to medical men and administrators who may have to deal with malaria at home or abroad during peace or war. Readers will note that, in addition to recording the results of my own experience, I have utilised to a considerable extent the writings Of other workers in the Indian Medical Service, particularly those of my friend Major S. R. Christophers, whose reputation as an expert malariologist is world-wide. If in any instance I have inadvertently omitted to state the source of the information recorded, I hope that the workers concerned will regard this reference as an acknowledgment Of my indebtedness. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.




Essays on Malaria, and Temperament (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from Essays on Malaria, and Temperament Defective cultivation of the sod, bad effects of it on health, 109 to 112. Mill-ponds, how to prevent them from produ emg malaria, 112 to 114. How to prevent the bad effects of malaria, when formed - subject discussed - exerting cau ses of disease - ms conservatmx naturw - diet - 114 to 125. Clothing and exercise, as preventives of disease 125 to 127. Precautions and preventives in Cities, 127 to 130. Importance of sleeping in the upper stories of houses, in sickly places in the country, 130. 131. Hazardous, when bilious complaints are prevailing, to go out in the morning, With the stomach empty - what articles of diet and drink ought to be taken, 131 to 134. Malaria travels with the Wind 134. 135. A cordon of trees arrests its march, A lofty wall seems to do the same, 136 to 138. The distance that malaria can travel from its source, over land, or water, considered - means of ascertaining this, 138 to 144. All alluvial soil productive of malaria, ibid. Night-exposure hazardous - what time of the night most so, ibid. The subject of Winds considered pestilential, or otherwise nox ious, discussed, 145 to 149. Lunar influence in producmg bilious fever considered, 149. 150. Medicmal articles, as preventives of bilious fever considered - purgatives - tonics, 151 to 153. Cutaneous exc1ternent, in the form of erup tions - issues blisters, as a preventive, referred to, 153 to 155. The miasms of typhus and b.lious fevers not the same - The miasm of yellow fever different from that of intermitting fever, 155. 156. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.