Topical Issues in Pain 1


Book Description

Pain is the most frustrating condition a physiotherapist encounters. This is the first yearbook of the Physiotherapy Pain Association for Chartered Physiotherapists. It considers two challenging aspects of pain in physiotherapy practice and provides insights and approaches to management that can be applied by all clinicians. Part 1 critically reviews pathology, pain mechanisms and current therapies and offers a biopsychosocial approach to assessment, prevention, and management of pain following whiplash injury. It assists the reader to understand and work with people who have developed chronic pain. Part 2 considers the relationship between fear and anxiety and activity and exercise behaviour; it describes an approach to back pain rehabilitation that incorporates an understanding of the key elements of fear-avoidance. In particular, it shows how the language that clinicians use may assist patients to develop positive attitudes that foster coping mechanisms. The Physiotherapy Pain Association Yearbooks are written by clinicians for clinicians. Each volume reviews the literature and presents best practice in a lively and understandable text. All clinicians will benefit from the straightforward advice.




Topical Issues in Pain 4


Book Description

This fourth volume contains further ground-breaking and highly relevant work. Taking on the placebo and nocebo phenomenon, pain management and muscles and pain the volume yet again promotes the forward thinking and cutting edge work of the Physiotherapy Pain Association. In Part 1 a number of internationally renowned clinicians and researchers have come together to produce the first published attempt to broadly address and critically appraise the placebo and nocebo phenomenon from a clinical perspective for physiotherapists. The information and the way the material is presented should fascinate as well as challenge readers to think and work differently. Understanding the placebo fully requires a radical shift in thinking about human recovery mechanisms and the way in which treatments can be triggered to work at their most efficient. Part 2 takes on three more pain management topics – the integration of pain management approaches and techniques for individual therapists working with individual patients or in ‘out-patient’ settings; information giving for patients and addressing the taxing problem of improving fitness in patients with chronic pain related incapacity. The last part is devoted to some major issues surrounding the relationship of muscles to pain. Many current beliefs about the role of muscles come under scrutiny and some are constructively challenged by new proposals. Perhaps the most exciting aspect of the work presented here is that physiotherapy, if it fully integrates the information provided into clinical practice, should be increasingly recognised as the central and essential component of modern management of musculoskeletal pain states. The Topical Issues in Pain series derives from the work, study days and seminars of the Physiotherapy Pain Association and is written by clinicians for clinicians. Each volume reviews the literature and presents best practice in a lively and understandable text. All clinicians will benefit from the straightforward advice.




Topical Issues in Pain 4


Book Description

This fourth volume contains further ground-breaking and highly relevant work. Taking on the placebo and nocebo phenomenon, pain management and muscles and pain the volume yet again promotes the forward thinking and cutting edge work of the Physiotherapy Pain Association. In Part 1 a number of internationally renowned clinicians and researchers have come together to produce the first published attempt to broadly address and critically appraise the placebo and nocebo phenomenon from a clinical perspective for physiotherapists. The information and the way the material is presented should fascinate as well as challenge readers to think and work differently. Understanding the placebo fully requires a radical shift in thinking about human recovery mechanisms and the way in which treatments can be triggered to work at their most efficient. Part 2 takes on three more pain management topics - the integration of pain management approaches and techniques for individual therapists working with individual patients or in 'out-patient' settings; information giving for patients and addressing the taxing problem of improving fitness in patients with chronic pain related incapacity. The last part is devoted to some major issues surrounding the relationship of muscles to pain. Many current beliefs about the role of muscles come under scrutiny and some are constructively challenged by new proposals. Perhaps the most exciting aspect of the work presented here is that physiotherapy, if it fully integrates the information provided into clinical practice, should be increasingly recognised as the central and essential component of modern management of musculoskeletal pain states. The Topical Issues in Pain series derives from the work, study days and seminars of the Physiotherapy Pain Association and is written by clinicians for clinicians. Each volume reviews the literature and presents best practice in a lively and understandable text. All clinicians will benefit from the straightforward advice.




Topical Issues in Pain 5


Book Description

Volumes of the Topical Issues in Pain series are now a common sight in Physiotherapy departments and practices throughout the UK. More and more students are using them to learn clinical skills and as key references for study and research. The accolades the series has received from within and outside the profession are both moving and cheering for Physiotherapy. This 5th volume energetically moves the boundaries of Physiotherapy on, divided into 5 sections, it considers some of the most important issues and challenges facing clinicians and society today. The section on return to work (3) examines the financial and human costs of work absence, the difficulties that surround and often prevent people in pain from returning to work and finally details practical ways of helping patients actually get there. It is becoming increasingly clear that the traditional treatments being offered for common and benign pain states, whether by therapists, Drs or Surgeons, are ineffective when measured in terms of return to work and confident function - why is this? The answers most likely lie in the broader, multidimensional, understanding of pain biology (section 5) that is embraced in the principles and practice of cognitive-behavioural therapies and approaches (section 4), especially when they are used alongside physical rehabilitation programmes (sections 1, 2, 3 & 4). Vitally, these proven approaches are patient-orientated requiring highly trained experts in listening, explaining and communicating (sections 1 & 2). This book acknowledges that there no simple ‘fix’ that takes a hurting human being from a state of vulnerability back to one of physical confidence and full working potential. What it is does though, is breathe a breath of optimism into the current state-of-the-art of the physical pain-management process that, when skilfully applied, actually does help a great deal. The Topical Issues in Pain series derives from the work, study days and seminars of the Physiotherapy Pain Association and is written by clinicians for clinicians.




Topical Issues in Pain 2


Book Description

This is the second volume in the series stimulated by/deriving from the work and study days of the Physiotherapy Pain Association. This volume is about some fundamental changes in practice which aim to prevent chronic incapacity from musculoskeletal pain problems. It is also about our relationships with our patients, and theirs with their pain and their families. As such, the information provided is essential to all professions involved in physical rehabilitation and prevention of chronic incapacity. When practice changes there is a necessary extension of traditional thinking into new territories and new skills to be taken on. In particular, all the chapters in this book underline the recognition that while musculoskeletal pain has a biomedical origin, there are also important psychosocial components that require management within a biopsychosocial framework. Authors provide background knowledge and practical guidance to help readers integrate the biopsychosocial model and biopsychosocial assessment into patient management. The material in this book is as important to the management of acute pain as it is to chronic pain states. Importantly, the book is not about categorising patients as having either real or not real pain. It represents a determined effort by all the authors to present clinicians with tools that will help them to better understand their patients; help prevent them becoming disabled, and help most to lead far more active and productive lives – no matter how complex the presentation. Volumes in the Topical Issues in Pain series are written by clinicians for clinicians. Each volume reviews the literature and presents best practice in a lively and understandable text. All clinicians will benefit from the straightforward advice. I look forward to this series and to the activities of the Physiotherapy Pain Association because they promise to revolutionise the morale, dignity and way of thinking of physiotherapists and thereby to affect everyone concerned with pain. Patrick Wall Physiotherapy 95(2):101-2




Topical Issues in Pain 3


Book Description

This book challenges some long-held beliefs, models of treatment, and clinical reasoning about pain. It presents the current evidence on whatwe know about the sympathetic nervous system and the implications it has for patients with complex regional pain syndromes. Part 1 tackles controversial issues surrounding the role of the sympathetic nervous system in pain states and explores clinical challenges and questions that surround the topic. Can visceral disease precipitate musculoskeletal disorder? What do we know about mind body pathways? Where does the immune system fit in? What is complex regional pain syndrome? What is sympathetic maintained pain? How is it managed and treated? What are sympathetic blocks? Do they work? What happens to tissues when they are immobilised or under-used? What role does the sympathetic nervous system play in oedema, ischaemia and supersensitivity development? How can it cause pain? Part 2 is devoted to pain management. A single and highly authoritative chapter provides the information and clinical tools for us to deal more effectively with the distress and anger shown by some patients with back pain. There are excellent guidelines for clinicians seeking to further their 'Yellow Flag' assessment and management skills Part 3 addresses clinical effectiveness. It introduces, explains and discusses the concept and provides a rich resource for further research and investigation of the topic. There is also a critical look at 'evidence' and research into the effectiveness of acupuncture and TENS to help our understanding of the systematic review process and the pitfalls that so often occur in clinical research. The Topical Issues in Pain series derives from the work, study days and seminars of the Physiotherapy Pain Association and is written by clinicians for clinicians. Each volume reviews the literature and presents best practice in a lively and understandable text. All clinicians will benefit from the straightforward advice.




Compounded Topical Pain Creams


Book Description

Pain is both a symptom and a disease. It manifests in multiple forms and its treatment is complex. Physical, social, economic, and emotional consequences of pain can impair an individual's overall health, well-being, productivity, and relationships in myriad ways. The impact of pain at a population level is vast and, while estimates differ, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 50 million U.S. adults are living in pain. In terms of pain's global impact, estimates suggest the problem affects approximately 1 in 5 adults across the world, with nearly 1 in 10 adults newly diagnosed with chronic pain each year. In recent years, the issues surrounding the complexity of pain management have contributed to increased demand for alternative strategies for treating pain. One such strategy is to expand use of topical pain medicationsâ€"medications applied to intact skin. This nonoral route of administration for pain medication has the potential benefit, in theory, of local activity and fewer systemic side effects. Compounding is an age-old pharmaceutical practice of combining, mixing, or adjusting ingredients to create a tailored medication to meet the needs of a patient. The aim of compounding, historically, has been to provide patients with access to therapeutic alternatives that are safe and effective, especially for people with clinical needs that cannot otherwise be met by commercially available FDA-approved drugs. Compounded Topical Pain Creams explores issues regarding the safety and effectiveness of the ingredients in these pain creams. This report analyzes the available scientific data relating to the ingredients used in compounded topical pain creams and offers recommendations regarding the treatment of patients.




Topical Issues in Pain


Book Description




Back Pain - A Movement Problem


Book Description

Back Pain: a movement problem is a practical manual to assist all students and clinicians concerned with the evaluation, diagnosis and management of the movement related problems seen in those with spinal pain disorders. It offers an integrative model of posturomovement dysfunction which describes the more commonly observed features and related key patterns of altered control. This serves as a framework, guiding the practitioner's assessment of the individual patient. - Examines aspects of motor control and functional movement in the spine, its development, and explores probable reasons why it is altered in people with back pain - Maps the more common clinical patternsof presentation in those with spinal pain and provides a simple clinical classification system based upon posturomovement impairments - Integrates contemporary science with the insights of extensive clinical practice - Integrates manual and exercise therapy and provides guiding principles for more rational therapeutic interventions: - which patterns of movement in general need to be encouraged - which to lessen and how to do so - Abundantly illustrated to present concepts and to illustrate the difference between so-called normal and dysfunctrional presentations - Written by a practitioner for practitioners




Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic


Book Description

Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.