Understanding Institutionalized Collective Remittances


Book Description

This book considers the activities of migrant organizations in the face of state diaspora engagement policies in their members' countries of origin. The case study is the Programa Tres por Uno para los Migrantes in the Mexican state of Zacatecas. The research uses events - understood as festivities and work meetings - as lenses. They offer a door to access the actors' reality and furthermore serve as an object of analysis themselves. The study combines analysis of biographical interviews at the microlevel with that of organizations' work meetings at the mesolevel and the analysis of the staging in public events as way to access the macrolevel. The work concludes that institutionalizing collective remittances enhances the capital- skills (cultural capital), relations (social capital) and economic resources (economic capital)- generated by lives and practices taking place in a transnational way. The work proposes the term diasporic capital. Diasporic capital creates the identity of and nurtures the belonging to a distinct class. As a result, migrant organizations participating in the Tres por Uno Program are given legitimacy to speak in the name of all the nationals living abroad and their leaders to claim a higher social status. Carlos Villela obtained a PhD in International Development Studies (Summa Cum Laude) and a MA in Development Management by the Institute of Development Research and Development Policy at the Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. He also holds a Magister Administrationis from the University of the Western Cape in South Africa and a BA in Business Management from the Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana in Honduras. Dr. Villela has worked for governmental organizations and international cooperation organizations in Honduras, Germany and Myanmar.




Oil Abundance and Economic Growth


Book Description

This book deals with the role of oil abundance in economic growth. The major theoretical contribution of the analysis is the transformation of the rentier state theory into the language of mathematical economics. The mathematical formalization of the rentier state theory enables a more sophisticated analytical tool for the assessment of the role of nonrenewable resource revenues in economic growth and institutional dynamics. The embedding of the elements of a rentier state into the labor surplus economy framework leads to grave consequences as reflected in the quantitative part of the survey. The augmented labor surplus economy model shows that both the political economy and the purely economic causes of the resource curse can have similar effects on the resource allocation in the affected nation. Hence, it is not possible to use econometric tools to compartmentalize the effects of the Dutch disease and those explanations based upon political economy. This is the reason why one can only estimate the total growth effects of oil revenues. Besides cross-country panel estimations, a case study of Azerbaijan provides additional insights into petroleum based economic development. These international panel and country specific estimations are partly based on the two sector model of economic growth. In the case of Azerbaijan, a vector error correction model, which is based upon the behavioral model of the equilibrium exchange rate, is applied to detect the Dutch disease tendencies.




Effective corruption control


Book Description

This book presents the results of a three-year research project based at the Ruhr-University Bochum, financed by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation, Cologne. Corruption in public procurement is widespread and particularly damaging to development objectives, as it undermines any state's duty to maximize the social and economic welfare of its citizens. Yet, research on country-specific regulation meant to address this problem has remained scarce. This book aims to fill this gap by providing a systematic comparative analysis of supplier remedies mechanisms in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. It elaborates on the potential of legal remedies to serve as anticorruption tools. Based on the fact that the anti-corruption effect of remedies mechanisms depends ultimately on the actual use by suppliers, three main factors are discussed: (1) the institutional setting and independence of the remedies systems; (2) their accessibility for aggrieved bidders; and (3) their efficiency, driven by bidder's cost-benefit analysis and including the aspects of procedural fees, duration, available relief and prospects of success. The assessment of the legislation is complemented by information gained from various stakeholders such as public procurement authorities, development organizations, NGOs and scientific experts. Despite many similarities of the systems due to their common historical background, the analysis identifies remarkably different regulative and institutional approaches, and discusses their more or less supportive effects on the use of supplier remedies mechanisms.




A Real Options Approach to Renewable and Nuclear Energy Investments in the Philippine


Book Description

This book presents the application of real options approach (ROA) to analyze investment decisions for switching energy sources from fossil fuels to alternative energy. Using the Philippines as a case, the ROA models presented here explore how uncertainties including fossil fuel prices, electricity prices, discount rates, externality, renewable energy (RE) costs, and RE investment growth affect investment decisions that focus on developing countries, particularly to fossil-importing countries. The book is a collection of academic papers published in peer-reviewed journals. The first paper analyzes investments in various RE sources including wind, solar, hydropower, and geothermal over using coal. The second paper compares investments between RE and nuclear energy considering the risk of nuclear accident. The third paper applies the proposed ROA model with the case of Palawan island and analyzes investment in RE over diesel fuel for electricity generation. The fourth paper focuses on investment drivers that make RE sources as a better option than using fossil fuels.




From the City to the Desert


Book Description

In recent years, large-scale housing and resettlement projects have experienced a renaissance in many developing countries and are increasingly shaping new urban peripheries. One prominent example is Morocco's Villes Sans Bidonville (cities without shantytowns) programme that aims at eradicating all shantytowns in Morocco by resettling its population to apartment blocks at the urban peripheries. Analysing the specific resettlement project of Karyan Central, a 90-year-old shantytown in Casablanca, this book sheds light on both process and outcome of resettlement from the perspective of affected people. It draws on rich empirical data from a structure household survey (n=871), qualitative interviews with different stakeholder, document analysis, and non-participant observation gathered during four months of field research. The author emphasises that the VSB programme, although formally part of anti-poverty and urban inclusion policies, puts primary focus on the clearance of the shantytown. Largely based on ill-informed policy assumptions, stigmatisation, rent-seeking, and opaque implementation practices, the VSB programme interpreted adequate housing in a narrow sense. By showing how social interactions, employment patterns, and access to urban functions have changed because of resettlement, the book provides sound empirical evidence that housing means more than four walls and a roof.




Rethinking Migration


Book Description

Includes statistical tables.




Transnationalism


Book Description

'Transnationalism' refers to multiple ties and interactions linking people or institutions across the borders of nation-states. This book surveys the broader meanings of transnationalism within the study of globalization before concentrating on migrant transnational practices. Each chapter demonstrates ways in which new and contemporary transnational practices of migrants are fundamentally transforming social, political and economic structures simultaneously within homelands and places of settlement. Transnationalism provides a much-needed single, clear and condensed text concerning a major concept in academic and policy discourse today. The book is for advanced undergraduate students, postgraduates and academics.




Remittances


Book Description

Migrants have long faced unwarranted constraints to sending money to family members and relatives in their home countries, among them costly fees and commissions, inconvenient formal banking hours, and inefficient domestic banking services that delay final payment to the beneficiaries. Yet such remittances are perhaps the largest source of external finance in developing countries. Officially recorded remittance flows to developing countries exceeded US$125 billion in 2004, making them the second largest source of development finance after foreign direct investment. This book demonstrates that governments in developing countries increasingly recognize the importance of remittance flows and are quickly addressing these constraints.




Trajectories of Governance


Book Description

Trajectories of Governance studies the complex dynamics of order-making, violence and governance in peripheral cities in Latin America from a comparative, historical and multi-scalar approach. It aims to discover more about the drivers, contexts and uneven levels of violence through the case studies of Chalatenango and Sonsonate in El Salvador and Pereira and Tunja in Colombia. Based on a multidisciplinary analytical framework, it explains why and how some peripheral cities have become the locus of violent orders, whereas others have managed to control violence, and to examine the role of violence in the workings of local governance.




Scaling Migrant Worker Rights


Book Description

International migrants' home countries often play an integral part in protecting their citizens' labor and human rights abroad. At the same time, institutions such as labor unions, worker centers, and legal aid groups are among the most visible actors holding governments of immigrant destinations accountable. Focusing on Mexico and the United States, Scaling Migrant Worker Rights analyzes how these organizations pressure governments to defend migrants. The result is a multilayered picture of the impediments to migrant worker rights and the possibilities for their realization. "Highly original and timely, this book shines a light on underexplored actors in the labor rights and protection enforcement process." -- LEAH F. VOSKO, author of Disrupting Deportability: Transnational Workers Organize "A very robust and nuanced empirical analysis documenting how co-enforcement mechanisms across transnational civil society, consulates, and national governments work to implement existing labor rights protections." -- ALEXANDRA DÉLANO ALONSO, author of Mexico and Its Diaspora in the United States: Policies of Emigration since 1848 "This important and innovative work provides a nuanced, rich, and detailed meso-analysis of institutions and institutional collaboration in Mexico and the US." -- NANCY PLANKEY-VIDELA, author of We Are in This Dance Together: Gender, Power, and Globalization at a Mexican Garment Firm.