Valuation Theory and Its Applications, Volume II


Book Description

This book is the second of two proceedings volumes stemming from the International Conference and Workshop on Valuation Theory held at the University of Saskatchewan (Saskatoon, SK, Canada). It contains the most recent applications of valuation theory to a broad range of mathematical ideas. Valuation theory arose in the early part of the twentieth century in connection with number theory and continues to have many important applications to algebra, geometry, and analysis. The research and survey papers in this volume cover a variety of topics, including Galois theory, the Grunwald-Wang Theorem, algebraic geometry, resolution of singularities, curves over Prufer domains, model theory of valued fields and the Frobenius, Hardy fields, Hensel's Lemma, fixed point theorems, and computations in valued fields. It is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in algebra, algebraic geometry, number theory, and mathematical logic.




Valuation Theory and Its Applications


Book Description

This book is the first of two proceedings volumes stemming from the International Conference and Workshop on Valuation Theory held at the University of Saskatchewan (Saskatoon, SK, Canada). Valuation theory arose in the early part of the twentieth century in connection with number theory and has many important applications to geometry and analysis: the classical application to the study of algebraic curves and to Dedekind and Prufer domains; the close connection to the famousresolution of the singularities problem; the study of the absolute Galois group of a field; the connection between ordering, valuations, and quadratic forms over a formally real field; the application to real algebraic geometry; the study of noncommutative rings; etc. The special feature of this book isits focus on current applications of valuation theory to this broad range of topics. Also included is a paper on the history of valuation theory. The book is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians working in algebra, algebraic geometry, number theory, and mathematical logic.




Dynamical Systems and Their Applications in Biology


Book Description

This volume is based on the proceedings of the International Workshop on Dynamical Systems and their Applications in Biology held at the Canadian Coast Guard College on Cape Breton Island (Nova Scotia, Canada). It presents a broad picture of the current research surrounding applications of dynamical systems in biology, particularly in population biology. The book contains 19 papers and includes articles on the qualitative and/or numerical analysis of models involving ordinary, partial, functional, and stochastic differential equations. Applications include epidemiology, population dynamics, and physiology. The material is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in ordinary differential equations and their applications in biology. Also available by Ruan, Wolkowicz, and Wu is Differential Equations with Applications to Biology, Volume 21 in the AMS series Fields Institute Communications.




Situation Theory and Its Applications: Volume 2


Book Description

Situation theory is the result of an interdisciplinary effort to create a full-fledged theory of information. Created by scholars and scientists from cognitive science, computer science, AI, linguistics, logic, philosophy, and mathematics, the theory is forging a common set of tools for the analysis of phenomena from all these fields. This volume presents work that evolved out of the Second Conference on Situation Theory and its Applications. Twenty-six essays exhibit the wide range of the theory, covering such topics as natural language semantics, philosophical issues about information, mathematical applications, and the visual representation of information in computer systems.Jon Barwise is a professor of philosophy, mathematics, and logic at Indiana University in Bloomington. Jean Mark Gawron is a researcher at SRI International and a consultant at Hewlett-Packard Laboratories. Gordon Plotkin is a professor of theoretical computer science at the University of Edinburgh. Syun Tutiya is in the philosophy department at Chiba University in Japan.




Standards of Value


Book Description

Expert direction on interpretation and application of standards of value Written by Jay Fishman, Shannon Pratt, and William Morrison—three renowned valuation practitioners—Standards of Value, Second Edition discusses the interaction between valuation theory and its judicial and regulatory application. This insightful book addresses standards of value (SOV) as applied in four distinct contexts: estate and gift taxation; shareholder dissent and oppression; divorce; and financial reporting. Here, you will discover some of the intricacies of performing services in these venues. Features new case law in topics including personal good will and estate and gift tax, and updated to cover the new standards issued since the first edition Includes an updated compendium discussing the standards of value by state, new case law covering divorce, personal goodwill, and estate and gift tax, and coverage of newly issues financial standards Shows how the Standard of Value sets the appraisal process in motion and includes the combination of a review of court cases with the valuator's perspective Addresses the codification of GAAP and updates SOV in individual states Get Standards of Value, Second Edition and discover the underlying intricacies involved in determining "value."




Representations of Finite Dimensional Algebras and Related Topics in Lie Theory and Geometry


Book Description

These proceedings are from the Tenth International Conference on Representations of Algebras and Related Topics (ICRA X) held at The Fields Institute. In addition to the traditional ``instructional'' workshop preceding the conference, there were also workshops on ``Commutative Algebra, Algebraic Geometry and Representation Theory'', ``Finite Dimensional Algebras, Algebraic Groups and Lie Theory'', and ``Quantum Groups and Hall Algebras''. These workshops reflect the latest developments and the increasing interest in areas that are closely related to the representation theory of finite dimensional associative algebras. Although these workshops were organized separately, their topics are strongly interrelated. The workshop on Commutative Algebra, Algebraic Geometry and Representation Theory surveyed various recently established connections, such as those pertaining to the classification of vector bundles or Cohen-Macaulay modules over Noetherian rings, coherent sheaves on curves, or ideals in Weyl algebras. In addition, methods from algebraic geometry or commutative algebra relating to quiver representations and varieties of modules were presented. The workshop on Finite Dimensional Algebras, Algebraic Groups and Lie Theory surveyed developments in finite dimensional algebras and infinite dimensional Lie theory, especially as the two areas interact and may have future interactions. The workshop on Quantum Groups and Hall Algebras dealt with the different approaches of using the representation theory of quivers (and species) in order to construct quantum groups, working either over finite fields or over the complex numbers. In particular, these proceedings contain a quite detailed outline of the use of perverse sheaves in order to obtain canonical bases. The book is recommended for graduate students and researchers in algebra and geometry.




Perspectives on Noncommutative Geometry


Book Description

This volume represents the proceedings of the Noncommutative Geometry Workshop that was held as part of the thematic program on operator algebras at the Fields Institute in May 2008. Pioneered by Alain Connes starting in the late 1970s, noncommutative geometry was originally inspired by global analysis, topology, operator algebras, and quantum physics. Its main applications were to settle some long-standing conjectures, such as the Novikov conjecture and the Baum-Connes conjecture. Next came the impact of spectral geometry and the way the spectrum of a geometric operator, like the Laplacian, holds information about the geometry and topology of a manifold, as in the celebrated Weyl law. This has now been vastly generalized through Connes' notion of spectral triples. Finally, recent years have witnessed the impact of number theory, algebraic geometry and the theory of motives, and quantum field theory on noncommutative geometry. Almost all of these aspects are touched upon with new results in the papers of this volume. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers in both mathematics and theoretical physics who are interested in noncommutative geometry and its applications.




Valuations, Orderings, and Milnor $K$-Theory


Book Description

This monograph is a comprehensive exposition of the modern theory of valued and ordered fields. It presents the classical aspects of such fields: their arithmetic, topology, and Galois theory. Deeper cohomological aspects are studied in its last part in an elementary manner. This is done by means of the newly developed theory of generalized Milnor $K$-rings. The book emphasizes the close connections and interplay between valuations and orderings, and to a large extent, studies themin a unified manner. The presentation is almost entirely self-contained. In particular, the text develops the needed machinery of ordered abelian groups. This is then used throughout the text to replace the more classical techniques of commutative algebra. Likewise, the book provides an introductionto the Milnor $K$-theory. The reader is introduced to the valuation-theoretic techniques as used in modern Galois theory, especially in applications to birational anabelian geometry, where one needs to detect valuations from their ``cohomological footprints''. These powerful techniques are presented here for the first time in a unified and elementary way.




High Primes and Misdemeanours


Book Description

This volume consists of a selection of papers based on presentations made at the international conference on number theory held in honor of Hugh Williams' sixtieth birthday. The papers address topics in the areas of computational and explicit number theory and its applications. The material is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in number theory.




Representations of Algebras and Related Topics


Book Description

This proceedings volume resulted from the Tenth International Conference on Representations of Algebras and Related Topics held at The Fields Institute (Toronto, ON, Canada). The collection of research and survey articles, honoring Vlastimil Dlab's seventieth birthday, reflects state-of-the-art research on the topic. Leading experts contributed papers, demonstrating the interaction between representation theory of finite dimensional algebras and neighboring subjects. A wide range of topics are covered, including quantum groups, the theory of Lie algebras, the geometry and combinatorics of tilting theory, commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, homology theories, and derived and triangulated categories. The book is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in the theory of algebras.