Why Deals Fail


Book Description

The combined value of all M&A deals from 1980 to the end of 2015 was almost 65 trillion -- bigger than the current annual world economy value outside the US. In that same period, almost 900,000 deals were announced. Many were questionable, as Why Deals Fail shows. With companies expected to continue to merge in record numbers, it is time to learn some critical lessons from those deals. In 2014 the government of the UK -- one of the most open markets globally for M&A -- commissioned Cass Business School's Mergers and Acquisitions Research Centre, headed by Scott Moeller, to investigate whether M&A has a negative or positive impact on the country's economy. Their findings: M&A deals do generate short-term benefits for the economy, especially because some large deals were spectacularly successful. However, over the longer term, the results are less clear-cut. Despite those highly successful tie-ups that drove the economic results to an overall positive average, the majority of UK mergers by number in the research period actually destroyed value. In summary, deals can be hugely beneficial for all involved when you get it right but they still, at large, struggle to live up to their initial hype -- and potential. Done wrong, they can damage business and, by extension, the economy and result in hundreds if not thousands of employees being made redundant. Most of the mergers detailed in this book are lessons in what not to do; the authors get behind the corporate veil to show what went wrong when huge and otherwise highly successful global businesses such as the Royal Bank of Scotland, Microsoft, and HP embarked on M&A transactions. Why Deals Fail is aimed at business people who want to understand better how M&A can drive corporate fortunes. Whether you are a seasoned M&A professional, an employee in a company that is acquiring or being acquired, or a newly graduated business student doing analysis about a deal, this book will help you to make the right decisions when they are most crucial.




The Value Killers


Book Description

In a business climate marked by escalating global competition and industry disruption, successful mergers and acquisitions are increasingly vital to the growth and profitability of many corporations. If history is any guide, 60 to 70 per cent of new mergers will fail – and will destroy shareholder value. To date, analyses of the M&A failure rate tend to focus on individual causes – e.g., culture clashes, valuation methods, or CEO overconfidence – rather than examining the problem holistically. The Value Killers is the first book based on a holistic analysis of successful and unsuccessful transactions. Based on research, interviews with top executives, and case studies, this book identifies the key causes of failures and successes and offers prescriptions to increase the odds that future transactions will deliver all the anticipated synergies. The Value Killers offers practical advice in the form of 5 Golden Rules. These rules will help managers and boards to ensure that target companies are properly valued; potential synergies and risks are identified in advance; checks and balances are installed to make sure that the pros and cons of the transaction are rationally and objectively evaluated; mechanisms are created that will trigger termination of bad deals; and obstacles to successful post-merger integrations are assessed (and solutions developed) before the deal closes. Each chapter includes questions for executives considering future M&As to allow them to see whether they are on the right track or not.




Edge Strategy


Book Description

Are you missing opportunities for growth that are right in front of you? In today’s volatile economic environment, filled with uncertainty and sudden change, the forces pushing you to stay focused on the core business are extremely powerful. Profiting from the core is crucial, but the danger is that overfocus on the core can blind companies. Scanning the horizon for new markets and new products can also be tempting, but risky. Fixating too much on either strategy can cause you to miss the substantial opportunities for growth that are often hidden in plain sight, at the edge of the core business. In this insightful yet practical book, strategy experts Alan Lewis and Dan McKone articulate a mindset that helps leaders recognize and capitalize on these opportunities. The Edge Strategy framework challenges how the boundaries of your existing products and services map to your customers’ views of the world and then provides three different lenses through which you can see and leverage value: • Product edge. How to capture incremental profits and other benefits by slightly altering the elements and composition of a core offering • Journey edge. How to create and capture extra value by adjusting your role in supporting the customer’s journey to and through your offering • Enterprise edge. How to unlock additional value from resources and capabilities that support your core offering by applying them in a different context, for a different offering or different set of customers With engaging examples across many industries, Lewis and McKone coach you on how to identify and assess each of the different “edges” and then provide concrete insights and advice on applying edge strategy and tactics to use in specific business contexts. The book concludes with a ten-step process to help executives and managers find and leverage the edges in their own companies. Edge Strategy is the concise, hands-on guide for growing your business by getting more yield from assets already in place, relationships already established, and investments already made.




The M&A Failure Trap


Book Description

An essential read about M&A for executives and investors who make critical decisions when M&A events and opportunities happen. In The M&A Failure Trap: Why Most Mergers and Acquisitions Fail and How the Few Succeed, a distinguished team of finance and accounting researchers and practitioners delivers a practical and up-to-date exploration of the shortcomings of managerial mergers and acquisitions decisions. In the book, you'll discover: Why 70-75% of all corporate acquisitions fail How to substantially improve acquisition decisions How to predict a specific merger outcome All the lessons and advice provided in this book are fact-based—derived from a sample of 40,000 real-life merger cases around the world which are thoroughly analyzed and provide the foundations for our findings and recommendations. The authors offer keen insights into the most important predictors of mergers and acquisitions failure and success and show you how to identify the potential warning signs of a problematic transaction. The book also provides insights into the human element of M&As: what happens to executives and employees of failed acquisitions. You will also find in the book a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research on M&As and numerous analyses of successful and unsuccessful real-life mergers. Perfect for executives and directors contemplating a major M&A decision or currently engaged in such a transaction, The M&A Failure Trap will also earn a place in the libraries of students of business and economics, as well as investors faced with decisions impacted by a merger or acquisition, and shareholders expected to vote on an upcoming transaction.




Mergers & Acquisitions: Crushing It as a Corporate Buyer in the Middle Market


Book Description

Practical, real-world advice and technical knowledge for corporate buyers who do M&A Did you ever do a search for the failure rate of M&A deals? Apparently, it’s high. In fact, there are many studies that say M&A deals tend to fail a majority of the time, especially for corporate buyers. But are these statistics really true? Because if the majority of deals fail, then why would anyone keep doing them year after year? Does anyone do them right? Actually, a lot of people do them right. But if you believe the statistics, there seem to be a lot more people doing them wrong. The question is, how can buyers do deals the right way, so that they don’t become just another statistic? This book answers that question and explains exactly how corporate buyers in particular can do deals the right way. Buyers who have the right mindset to approaching their deals, and a process that involves the right people with the right skills, are much more likely to have success in M&A. With that being said, this book contains practical real-world advice that has been applied in actual deals, and it provides the framework, best practices, and technical skills that are so important for executing successful deals and avoiding the failures. What’s Inside Part one of the book provides a basic overview of the M&A market. It then turns its attention to the corporate buyer and explains some of the more common reasons why deals tend to fail for corporate buyers. From there, it provides a framework for these buyers to develop their own playbooks for approaching and executing deals in a consistent, reliable, and repeatable way. Part two of the book begins to cover some of the more technical details that a buyer should know when doing a deal. It explains in detail how M&A deals are structured and negotiated. It also points out where buyers need to be careful as they negotiate, so that they’re choosing the right structures, keeping the economics of a deal fair, and aren’t taking on any unnecessary risks. Part three of the book explains how businesses are valued, with a focus on the middle market where many businesses are privately owned. It explains purchase price multiples, discounted cash flow analysis, and how to measure returns. It also explains how accretion and dilution are created from a deal and why that’s so important to a corporate buyer. Then, the book provides a framework so that buyers can use all of this information together in order to objectively decide for themselves what a business should be worth when negotiating a deal. Part four of the book covers some of the more advanced topics that buyers should be aware of when doing deals so that they don’t run into unexpected surprises after a deal has closed. This includes explaining what a quality of earnings is, why it’s important, and how it can affect a buyer’s view on the valuation of a business, as well as how to navigate the complexities of carve-outs, cross-border transactions, structuring earn-outs, and valuing intangible assets. From having an appreciation for the mindset and process that goes into executing deals, to understanding how they’re structured, negotiated, and valued, this book is intended to be the most useful, practical, and hands-on guide ever written for corporate buyers doing M&A deals in the middle market.




Masterminding the Deal


Book Description

Following a quiet period in global M&A activity, a new boom seems to be underway, but in an age where two-thirds of all merger deals can be said to fail (where deals fall short of the minimum required financial returns to the acquiring company), how can future success be guaranteed? And what can acquirers, and their shareholders and advisers, do to improve the chances of success? Masterminding the Deal looks at performance in two critical areas - merger segmentation (the identification of critical characteristics and attributes separating more successful mergers from the rest) and category-specific synergy diagnosis (the differentiation of synergy benefits - expenses, revenues, tax - to ensure maximum rewards). Through this in-depth analysis, the book provides the managers and advisers of acquiring firms with concise and actionable frameworks to improve and enhance merger performance. Masterminding the Deal will help you to identify and apply the key components of merger success.




Mastering the Merger


Book Description

Today's corporate deal makers face a conundrum: Though 70% of major acquisitions fail, it's nearly impossible to build a world-class company without doing deals. In Mastering the Merger, David Harding and Sam Rovit argue that a laserlike focus on just four key imperatives--before executives finalize the deal--can dramatically improve the odds of M&A success. Based on more than 30 years of in-the-trenches work on thousands of deals across a range of industries--and supplemented by extensive Bain & Co. research--Harding and Rovit reveal that the best M&A performers channel their efforts into (1) targeting deals that advance the core business; (2) determining which deals to close and when to walk away; (3) identifying where to integrate--and where not to; and (4) developing contingency plans for when deals inevitably stray. Top deal makers also favor a succession of smaller deals over complex "megamergers"--and essentially institutionalize a success formula over time. Helping executives zero in on what matters most in the complex world of M&A, Mastering the Merger offers a blueprint for the decisions and strategies that will beat the odds.




The Synergy Solution


Book Description

The new M&A bible. Few actions can change the value of a company—and its competitive future—as quickly and dramatically as an acquisition. Yet most companies fail to create shareholder value from these deals, and in many cases they destroy it. It doesn't have to be this way. In The Synergy Solution, Deloitte's Mark Sirower and Jeff Weirens show acquirers how to develop and execute an M&A strategy—end to end—that not only avoids the pitfalls that so many companies fall into but also creates real, long-term shareholder value. This strategy includes how to: Become a prepared "always on" acquirer Test the investment thesis and DCF valuation of a deal Plan for a successful Announcement Day, and properly communicate synergy promises to investors and other stakeholders Realize those promised synergies through integration planning and post-close execution Manage change and build a new, combined organization Sirower and Weirens provide invaluable background to those considering M&A, laying out the issues they have to consider, how to analyze them, and how to plan and execute the deal effectively. They also show those who have already started the process of M&A how to maximize their chances of success. There's an art and a science to getting mergers and acquisitions right, and this powerful book provides the insights and strategies acquirers need to find success at every stage of an often complex and perilous process.




The New Leader's 100-Day Action Plan


Book Description

The New Leader's 100-Day Action Plan, and the included downloadable forms, has proven itself to be a valuable resource for new leaders in any organization. This revision includes 40% new material and updates -- including new and updated downloadable forms -- with new chapters on: * A new chapter on POSITIONING yourself for a leadership role * A new chapter on what to do AFTER THE FIRST 100 DAYS * A new chapter on getting PROMOTED FROM WITHIN and what to do then




Why Nations Fail


Book Description

Brilliant and engagingly written, Why Nations Fail answers the question that has stumped the experts for centuries: Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, geography? Perhaps ignorance of what the right policies are? Simply, no. None of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Otherwise, how to explain why Botswana has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world, while other African nations, such as Zimbabwe, the Congo, and Sierra Leone, are mired in poverty and violence? Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or lack of it). Korea, to take just one of their fascinating examples, is a remarkably homogeneous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The south forged a society that created incentives, rewarded innovation, and allowed everyone to participate in economic opportunities. The economic success thus spurred was sustained because the government became accountable and responsive to citizens and the great mass of people. Sadly, the people of the north have endured decades of famine, political repression, and very different economic institutions—with no end in sight. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created these completely different institutional trajectories. Based on fifteen years of original research Acemoglu and Robinson marshall extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, medieval Venice, the Soviet Union, Latin America, England, Europe, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, including: - China has built an authoritarian growth machine. Will it continue to grow at such high speed and overwhelm the West? - Are America’s best days behind it? Are we moving from a virtuous circle in which efforts by elites to aggrandize power are resisted to a vicious one that enriches and empowers a small minority? - What is the most effective way to help move billions of people from the rut of poverty to prosperity? More philanthropy from the wealthy nations of the West? Or learning the hard-won lessons of Acemoglu and Robinson’s breakthrough ideas on the interplay between inclusive political and economic institutions? Why Nations Fail will change the way you look at—and understand—the world.