Nondestructive Evaluation of Wood


Book Description

Nature's engineering of wood through genetics, wind, and weather creates a wide variability in wood as a material. Consequently, manufacture and users of wood products are frequently frustrated in dealing with the forest resource. Manufacturers sometimes argue that wood is difficult to consistently process into quality products because of the wide range of properties that exist in this raw material. Users of wood products can be equally frustrated with the performance variability found in finished products. Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies have contributed significantly toward eliminating the cause of these frustrations. NDE technologies have been developed and are currently used in lumber and veneer grading programs that result in engineered materials that have consistent well-defined performance characteristics. This brief volume explores some of the processes that are used to manufacture wood, including green wood technology and provides a bit of history to wood production and its uses too. Other products that may interest you from the US Forest Service can be found at this link: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/819




Guidelines to Restoring Structural Integrity of Covered Bridge Members


Book Description

These guidelines are designed for decision makers (selection, country commissioners, city planners, preservation officers, contractors, rehabilitation engineers, etc.) to understand the components that are used to make effective decisions about how and when to repair a covered bridge, such as structural integrity, engineering analyses, condition assessments, how to support the bridge during repairs, and more. There are numerous types of covered bridges and ensuring public safety during repairs is a paramount issue for future generations to enjoy. Related products: Find more Renovation & Historic Preservation resources here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/renovation-historic-preservation Bridges & Tunnels resources collection here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/bridges-tunnels Other products published by the U.S. Forest Service are available here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/us-forest-service




Species Identification and Design Value Estimation of Wooden Members in Covered Bridges


Book Description

Covered timber bridges are historic structures with unique aesthetic value. To preserve this value and maintain bridges in service, robust evaluation of their performance and safety is necessary. The strength of the timber found in covered bridges can vary considerably, not only because of age and condition, but also because of species and grade. For the practicing engineer or inspector evaluating a covered bridge, design values for existing wood members must be determined with as much accuracy as possible by account-ing for bridge-specific conditions. The current practice is to assign wood values for strength and moduli from existing specifications without specific reference to timber species, condition, or grade, which can result in an inaccurate assess-ment of the structure. This manual provides a walk-through for basic wood identification, inspection, condition assess-ment, field grading, and design value estimation for wood in covered bridges.




Waterfront Facilities Inspection and Assessment


Book Description

MOP 130 provides engineers with guidelines and tools for inspecting and evaluating the condition of waterfront structures located in seawater and freshwater environments.







Research Note FPL.


Book Description




Inspection and Monitoring Techniques for Bridges and Civil Structures


Book Description

The safety, maintenance and repair of bridges and buildings depend on effective inspection and monitoring techniques. These methods need to be able to identify problems often hidden within structures before they become serious. This important collection reviews key techniques and their applications to bridges, buildings and other civil structures.The first group of chapters reviews ways of testing corrosion in concrete components. Given their continuing importance and vulnerability to decay, the next series of chapters describes ways of testing wood components within civil structures. A final group of chapters looks at visual and acoustic techniques and their use to assess bridges in particular.Inspection and monitoring techniques for bridges and civil structures is an invaluable reference for civil engineers involved in safety inspection, maintenance and repair of bridges and civil structures. - Reviews key inspection and monitoring techniques and their applications to bridges, building and other civil structures - Edited by a leading authority in the field




Nondestructive Testing Technique to Quantify Deterioration from Marine Borer Attack in Sitka Spruce and Western Hemlock Logs


Book Description

Stress-wave nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques are used widely in the forest products industry--from the grading of wood veneer to inspection of timber structures. Inspection professionals frequently use stress-wave NDE techniques to locate internal voids and decayed or deteriorated areas in large timbers. Although these techniques have proven useful, little information exists concerning the relationship between stress-wave parameters and deterioration observed as a consequence of marine borer attack. In this pilot test, we examined the relationship between stress-wave transmission time and the quality of wood in Sitka spruce and western hemlock logs that had varying degrees of deterioration as a consequence of attack from marine borers. Stress-wave transmission time, perpendicular to grain, was measured at several locations on each log. The logs were then sawn into lumber, which was then visually evaluated. A relationship was observed between stress-wave transmission time and deterioration of the logs and the yield of lumber from the logs.