Comparison of the 1991 NIOSH Lifting Equation and Erector Spinae Muscle Electromyography


Book Description

This study determined whether lifts rated as acceptable by the 1991 NIOSH equation calculations elicited myoelectric amplitudes of the erector spinae musculature (ES) within acceptable muscular load limits for continuous repetitive lifting tasks. Ten male subjects had surface electrodes placed bilaterally along the spine at levels T9, L1 and L3, 4 cm, 9 cm nd 3 cm lateral to the midline, respectively. Each subject performed eight trials of five lifting conditions that were used to examine the horizontal factor (HF) and asymmetrical factor (AF) of the 1991 NIOSH equation. All lifts were ordered randomly and initiated and terminated in a standing position. The lifting motion was unconstrained and incorporated a "flatback", free-style lifting technique. EMG data were collected and linear envelopes (LE) were ensemble averaged across subject trials for each condition and normalized to a maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Subject LE EMGs were ensemble averaged to generate condition LE EMG averages and subsequently converted to amplitude probability distribution functions (APDF). Percent MVC values from the APDF curves were compared to muscular load limits. A three-way, repeated measures, mixed model analysis of variance determined significant main effects for conditions, electrode placements and probability levels of the APDFs. There was general agreement between the 1991 NIOSH equation and muscular load limits. Bilateral T9 ES often exceeded "static" muscular loads and right L3 often exceeded "static" and "median" muscular loads. There was a significant (p 0.01) difference for each main effect. The APDF EMG analysis was more sensitive to differentiating between conditions than the 1991 NIOSH equation. Phasic and amplitude EMG analysis of the ES for occupational lifting tasks could be best represented by the musculature at L3, 3 cm lateral to the midline.




Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual: Anthropometry


Book Description

Kinanthropometrics is the study of the human body size and somatotypes and their quantitative relationships with exercise and nutrition. This is the third edition of a successful text on the subject.




Advances In Industrial Ergonomics And Safety V


Book Description

Each year public awareness of the importance of ergonomics for improving people's working conditions and home environment increases, as the application of ergonomics brings more and more tangible benefits to society at large. The Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference held in Copenhagen, Denmark in June 1993, sponsored by the International Foundation for Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Research brought together more than 200 ergonomic professionals from North America, Europe and Asia to present over 120 research papers, in a quest to share their knowledge of new developments in design for people and improving safety at work.; This volume is a reference on the variety of problems that industrial and office workers face today, and moreover, offers solutions in the drive towards the safe workplace.







Neumann’s Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System - E-Book


Book Description

With a focus on the normal and abnormal mechanical interactions between the muscles and joints of the body, Neumann’s Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System, 4th Edition provides a foundation for the practice of physical rehabilitation. This comprehensive, research-based core text explores kinesiology as it relates to physical rehabilitation in a clinically relevant and accessible manner. It presents the language of human movement — and acts as a bridge between basic science and clinical management. It helps clinicians effectively address the mechanical-based changes in movement across a person’s lifespan, whether in the context of rehabilitation, recreation, or promotion of health and wellness. Full-color anatomic and kinesiologic illustrations clearly demonstrate the anatomy, functional movement, and biomechanical principles underlying movement and posture. An eBook version, included with print purchase, provides access to all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. The eBook included with print purchase also features multiple excellent videos of anatomic and kinesiologic principles, answers to study questions from the print book, and additional tables and figures. Evidence-based approach emphasizes the importance of research in PT decision-making. More than 900 high-quality illustrations provide visual accompaniments to clarify the material. Clinical Connections boxes at the end of each chapter highlight or expand upon a particular clinical concept associated with the kinesiology covered in the chapter. Special Focus boxes throughout the text provide numerous clinical examples to demonstrate why kinesiologic information is needed. Critical thinking questions for selected chapters reinforce the main concepts. UPDATED! Current, evidence-based content closes the gap in kinesiology and anatomy science with clinical practice. NEW! Additional Special Focus boxes and Clinical Connections boxes present kinesiology in a clinical context. UPDATED! Modified artwork and new figures visually reinforce key concepts. NEW! An eBook version, included with print purchase, provides access to all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. It also features videos, answers to study questions from the print book, and additional tables and figures.




Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace


Book Description

Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.










Applications of EMG in Clinical and Sports Medicine


Book Description

This second of two volumes on EMG (Electromyography) covers a wide range of clinical applications, as a complement to the methods discussed in volume 1. Topics range from gait and vibration analysis, through posture and falls prevention, to biofeedback in the treatment of neurologic swallowing impairment. The volume includes sections on back care, sports and performance medicine, gynecology/urology and orofacial function. Authors describe the procedures for their experimental studies with detailed and clear illustrations and references to the literature. The limitations of SEMG measures and methods for careful analysis are discussed. This broad compilation of articles discussing the use of EMG in both clinical and research applications demonstrates the utility of the method as a tool in a wide variety of disciplines and clinical fields.