Prediction and Validation Technologies of Aerodynamic Force and Heat for Hypersonic Vehicle Design


Book Description

This book provides an overview of advanced prediction and verification technologies for aerodynamics and aerothermodynamics and assesses a number of critical issues in advanced hypersonic vehicle design. Focusing on state-of-the-art theories and promising technologies for engineering applications, it also presents a range of representative practical test cases. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable asset for researchers who are interested in thermodynamics, aircraft design, wind tunnel testing, fluid dynamics and aerothermodynamics research methods, introducing them to inspiring new research topics.




Prediction of Forces and Moments for Hypersonic Flight Vehicle Control Effectors


Book Description

This research project includes three distinct phases. For completeness, all three phases of the work are briefly described in this report. The goal was to develop methods of predicting flight control forces and moments for hypersonic vehicles which could be used in a preliminary design environment. The first phase included a preliminary assessment of subsonic/supersonic panel methods and hypersonic local flow inclination methods for such predictions. While these findings clearly indicated the usefulness of such methods for conceptual design activities, deficiencies exist in some areas. Thus, a second phase of research was conducted in which a better understanding was sought for the reasons behind the successes and failures of the methods considered, particularly for the cases at hypersonic Mach numbers. This second phase involved using computational fluid dynamics methods to examine the flow fields in detail. Through these detailed predictions, the deficiencies in the simple surface inclination methods were determined. In the third phase of this work, an improvement to the surface inclination methods was developed. This used a novel method for including viscous effects by modifying the geometry to include the viscous/shock layer. Maughmer, Mark D. and Long, Lyle N. and Guilmette, Neal and Pagano, Peter Unspecified Center...




Hypersonic Vehicles


Book Description

In the aviation field there is great interest in high-speed vehicle design. Hypersonic vehicles represent the next frontier of passenger transportation to and from space. However, several design issues must be addressed, including vehicle aerodynamics and aerothermodynamics, aeroshape design optimization, aerodynamic heating, boundary layer transition, and so on. This book contains valuable contributions focusing on hypervelocity aircraft design. Topics covered include hypersonic aircraft aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic design, especially aeroshape design optimization, computational fluid dynamics, and scramjet propulsion. The book also discusses high-speed flow issues and the challenges to achieving the dream of affordable hypersonic travel. It is hoped that the information contained herein will allow for the development of safe and efficient hypersonic vehicles.




Hypersonic Conceptual Design Tool Comparison


Book Description

The many iterations needed to explore a design space in the conceptual design process preclude the use of time-consuming RANS CFD for all but a few flight conditions. This research focuses on identifying the level of fidelity needed to adequately predict the aerothermodynamic characteristics of hypersonic vehicles. Three tools with differing levels of fidelity - CBAERO, Cart3D, and Kestrel - were used to analyze the Generic Hypersonic Vehicle (GHV) at the design condition of Mach 5.85 and an off-design condition of Mach 4.5. The results are representative of the different design tools but are not definitive due to the mesh size in Kestrel being limited by the available computational resources. The results obtained show a large difference in the unstart threshold predicted by inviscid and viscous CFD: 21° vs 11.75° degrees for Mach 5.85 and 14.5° vs 6.5° for Mach 4.5. Despite that difference, all three methods showed reasonable agreement for CL, CD, and CM across the entire range. The medium-fidelity method, Cart3D, was also capable of matching Kestrel's mass capture below the unstart threshold. The heat flux from the reference temperature method with Cart3D overestimated the heat flux on the bottom surface and underestimated heat flux on the top surface compared to Kestrel. At low angles of attack it appears to provide a heat flux estimate with a natural factor of safety, but it risks leading to overdesigning at higher angles of attack. The high-fidelity method, Kestrel, only showed significant differences from the lower fidelity methods in the unstart threshold, L/D, mass capture after unstarting, and heat flux at high angle of attack.




Airbreathing Hypersonic Propulsion


Book Description

This book details science of hypersonics especially focusing on propulsion aspects such as supersonic combustion ramjets and their applications, and also includes lift and drag in hypersonic flight and their mathematical and physical explanation. It provides charts and data from hypersonic testing and measurements from actual vehicles and engines built in the past. Criteria to dimension hypersonic powered and unpowered vehicles (gliders) based on fundamental fluid dynamics and backed by flight testing; criteria to preliminary sizing vehicles and preliminary dimensioning of supersonic combustors are introduced. The book will serve better theoretical understanding of drag, lift and how to apply them to the design of hypersonic vehicles, as well as data to size vehicles and supersonic combustion ramjet (SCRJ) systems. This book will be a useful reference for researchers and designers in hypersonic vehicles but also second or third-year graduate students.




Hypersonic Vehicles


Book Description

Some sixty years after the experimental flights of the North American X-15 hypersonic rocket-powered aircraft, sustained hypervelocity travel is still the next frontier in high-speed transportation. Today, there is much excitement and interest regarding hypersonic vehicles. In fact, many aerospace agencies, large industries, and several start-ups are involved in design activities and experimental campaigns both in wind tunnels and in-flight with full-scale experimental flying test beds and prototypes to make hypersonic travel almost as easy and convenient as airliner travel. Achieving this goal will radically revolutionize the future of civil transportation. This book contains valuable contributions that focus on various design issues related to hypersonic aircraft.




Coming Home


Book Description

NOTE; NO FURTHER DISCOUNT ON THIS PRINT PRODUCT-- OVERSTOCK SALE -- Signficantly reduced list price The technologies for the reentry and recovery from space might change over time, but the challenge remains one of the most important and vexing in the rigorous efforts to bring spacecraft and their crews and cargo home successfully. Returning to Earth after a flight into space is a fundamental challenge, and contributions from the NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate in aerodynamics, thermal protection, guidance and control, stability, propulsion, and landing systems have proven critical to the success of the human space flight and other space programs. Without this base of fundamental and applied research, the capability to fly into space would not exist. Other related products: NASA Historical Data Book, V. 7: NASA Launch Systems, Space Transportation/Human Spaceflight, and Space Science can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01309-4 Revolutionary Atmosphere: The Story of the Altitude Wind Tunnel and the Space Power Chambers can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01342-6 Spinoff: Innovative Partnerships Program 2009 can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01331-1 Spinoff 2010: NASA Technologies Benefit Society can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01343-4 Spinoff 2015: Technology Transfer Program can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/033-000-01372-8 Aerospace, Astronomy & Space Exploration resources collection can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/science-technology/aerospace-astronomy... Other products produced by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/550"