A Media Framing Approach to Securitization


Book Description

Presenting securitization as a communication issue, this book combines media framing with the theory of securitization to explain how the discourse of security informs media content and what happens to policy and public understanding when it does. Because securitization studies the construction of threats to societal structures as well as political-institutional structures, this book addresses security framing as a question of identity and the ability of political-cultural elites and media actors to manipulate it. After setting out how its theories work together, the book turns to news and its effects: How do media accounts make empirical sense of the world when they are bound by the need to make social-cultural sense first? How does "security" look in competing news accounts, and how do securitizing frames affect attitudes toward policies and political elites? Last, the book asks how academics and professionals can address the challenges to a democratic public’s role in decision-making created by the manipulation of security. Bringing together distinct fields within communication studies to reflect on the pressing issue of securitization, this book will be a key resource for scholars and students working in the fields of mass communication, policy studies, critical linguistics and international relations, as well as risk and crisis communication.




A Media Framing Approach to Securitization


Book Description

Presenting securitization as a communication issue, this book combines media framing with the theory of securitization to explain how the discourse of security informs media content and what happens to policy and public understanding when it does. Because securitization studies the construction of threats to societal structures as well as political-institutional structures, this book addresses security framing as a question of identity and the ability of political-cultural elites and media actors to manipulate it. After setting out how its theories work together, the book turns to news and its effects: How do media accounts make empirical sense of the world when they are bound by the need to make social-cultural sense first? How does "security" look in competing news accounts, and how do securitizing frames affect attitudes toward policies and political elites? Last, the book asks how academics and professionals can address the challenges to a democratic public’s role in decision-making created by the manipulation of security. Bringing together distinct fields within communication studies to reflect on the pressing issue of securitization, this book will be a key resource for scholars and students working in the fields of mass communication, policy studies, critical linguistics and international relations, as well as risk and crisis communication.




Securitization as a Theory of Media Effects


Book Description

This dissertation proposes a particular form of media framing effect from securitization, a process in which political actors seek to create consensus about security related issues such as terrorism and immigration by portraying them as imminent threats to a state's physical or cultural survival. The dissertation offers a two-stage model, in which securitization is first examined as an effect in news media accounts and then tested in an experiment as an effect of media accounts. A content analysis found that a salient example of securitization, the idea of a "war on terrorism", appeared as a consensual frame in distinct sectors of the media market after the September 2001 attacks. The frame diverged predictably in ensuing years, suggesting that the securitization frame changes in response to news organizations' sense of audience expectations and perceptions of the boundaries of political debate. The experimental portion found that securitization does not affect how accurately audiences comprehend the central point of a story but does appear to produce less attentive processing among those opposed to the government. The absence of securitization, on the other hand, appears to produce more attentive processing among those who consider themselves politically to the right of the media. Emotionally, the frame has no effect on opponents of the government but produces more trust in government among pro-government audiences and those to the right of the media.




Understanding Securitisation Theory


Book Description

This volume aims to provide a new framework for the analysis of securitization processes, increasing our understanding of how security issues emerge, evolve and dissolve. Securitisation theory has become one of the key components of security studies and IR courses in recent years, and this book represents the first attempt to provide an integrated and rigorous overview of securitization practices within a coherent framework. To do so, it organizes securitization around three core assumptions which make the theory applicable to empirical studies: the centrality of audience, the co-dependency of agency and context and the structuring force of the dispositif. These assumptions are then investigated through discourse analysis, process-tracing, ethnographic research, and content analysis and discussed in relation to extensive case studies. This innovative new book will be of much interest to students of securitisation and critical security studies, as well as IR theory and sociology. Thierry Balzacq is holder of the Tocqueville Chair on Security Policies and Professor at the University of Namur. He is Research Director at the University of Louvain and Associate Researcher at the Centre for European Studies at Sciences Po Paris.




Identifying Security Logics in the EU Policy Discourse


Book Description

This open access book investigates the complexity and the modalities of securitization of migration and border control at the EU level. It discusses and compares how different EU institutions and agencies have been deploying different logics of security, e.g. humanitarianism or management of risk, while framing increased migratory flows and so called migration crisis as a security problem. The book argues that the (re)development of EU migration and border control policies in response to increased migratory flows of 2015 have revealed an increasingly tangled nature of securitization of migration in the EU. This is reflected in the intertwining of security logics where migrants and human mobility tend to be securitized through different, sometimes multiple, interpretative lenses at different stages of policy framing. From a theoretical point of view, the book develops a fresh analytical perspective that further contributes to burgeoning discussion on securitization theory. By bridging the literature on policy framing and securitization it makes a significant contribution to the debates on both securitization and migration. As such this book is of great interest to students, academics, policy makers and all those working in the fields of EU politics, migration, security, and international relations.




Securing Freedom


Book Description

The integration of networked computing into all areas of U.S. society has resulted in growing concern over the need for secure systems and the importance of freedom of access. This thesis explores the discursive struggle among security professionals over the best way to guarantee this security, the related competition for resources in the burgeoning cyber-industrial complex, and the fate of civil liberties in this turf war. The Copenhagen School's Securitization Theory goes some way to exploring how support for certain approaches is rhetorically mobilized, however it is limited in its exploration of audience response. The theory can therefore be enhanced by looking at the framing and agenda-setting function of the media in this process, both as an audience and as a method of disseminating security arguments. This approach allows for a consideration of the conditions specific to the cybersecurity case -- both internal and external to the speech act -- that facilitate audience acceptance.




The Construction of the Maras


Book Description

High levels of crime and violence in Central America’s northern triangle are a major preoccupation of politicians, policy-makers and citizens. Public authorities in El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala have sought repressive measures to increase public safety and to contain such violence, for which youth gangs (maras) are principally held responsible. Substantiated by interviews with key stakeholders in Geneva, Switzerland, this desk review offers a comprehensive understanding of the motivations and the intended effects behind the suppressive strategies of the respective governments. Viewing the gang phenomenon through the lens of securitization theory allows for a new understanding of how the maras are dealt with. This paper also traces how the concerned states have shaped a certain construction of these gangs and reveals a blurred line between the political and the security sectors. The analysis finds that interests other than combatting a security threat, as well as the particular historical and societal contexts of the three countries, decisively influence how the maras issue is addressed.




The Routledge Handbook of Security Studies


Book Description

Pt. 1. Theoretical approaches to security and different 'securities' -- pt. 2. Contemporary security challenges -- pt. 3. Regional security challenges -- pt. 4. Confronting security challenges.




The Morality of Security


Book Description

Offers an innovate approach to ethics and security, combining securitization theory and the just war tradition.




Media and Democracy in the Middle East


Book Description

This edited volume examines the current challenges to media freedom and democratisation in the Middle East. The book revisits the relationship between media consumption and activism in the region, providing thorough analyses on the appropriation of social media for political engagement. Since the outburst and spread of what was known as the ‘Arab Uprisings’ in 2010, the political and media landscapes in the Middle East region have dramatically changed. The initial hope for democratic change and governance quality improvements has faded, as several regimes in the Middle East have strengthened their repressive tactics toward voices deemed critical of governments’ practices, including journalists, bloggers, and activists. The crumbling Arab media scene has also reached an abysmal low, with little to no independence, and public perception of basic freedoms in the region has significantly dropped, as has trust in media and government institutions. This book examines current challenges to media freedom, political participation, and democratisation in the region while reassessing the dynamic relationship between media use and political engagement, amidst a complex political environment accompanied by a rapidly changing digital media landscape. This book’s relevance will appeal to varied audiences, such as scholars and students of journalism, communication, political science, and Middle Eastern studies. It will also prove to be an invaluable resource for organisations dedicated to the research of political communication, media freedom, and use patterns of nontraditional, or new, media.