Copper Transport and Its Disorders


Book Description

This book is a compilation of presentations at the first meeting devoted to the mo lecular and cellular biology of copper transport. When we first considered the possible program for the meeting, we felt that a forum to integrate the recent advances in molecular understanding of copper transport with the older knowledge of copper metabolism was needed. In addition we wished to have a strong emphasis on the diseases of copper includ ing the genetic diseases, Menkes and Wilson, and other possible health aspects of this met al seen from a molecular perspective. Overall we were very happy with the success of the meeting, and most participants were very enthusiastic. Unfortunately we were not able to obtain manuscripts from every contributor, but the selection in this book covers most of the topics discussed. The history of biological research into copper dates from the latter half of the last century when the presence of copper as a component of living systems was first noted, but it was not until the 1920s that the essential role of copper was first recognized. l. S. McHargue found that plants and animals needed copper for optimal growth and health and proposed that copper was needed for life (McHargue, 1925). Other groups soon confirmed these observations in plants. In animals the requirement of copper for hematopoiesis was discovered in 1928 (Hart et aI.




Copper in Drinking Water


Book Description

The safety of the nation's drinking water must be maintained to ensure the health of the public. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating the levels of substances in the drinking water supply. Copper can leach into drinking water from the pipes in the distribution system, and the allowable levels are regulated by the EPA. The regulation of copper, however, is complicated by the fact that it is both necessary to the normal functioning of the body and toxic to the body at too high a level. The National Research Council was requested to form a committee to review the scientific validity of the EPA's maximum contaminant level goal for copper in drinking water. Copper in Drinking Water outlines the findings of the committee's review. The book provides a review of the toxicity of copper as well as a discussion of the essential nature of this metal. The risks posed by both short-term and long-term exposure to copper are characterized, and the implications for public health are discussed. This book is a valuable reference for individuals involved in the regulation of water supplies and individuals interested in issues surrounding this metal.




Wilson Disease


Book Description

Wilson Disease provides a comprehensive guide on this inherited genetic disorder that has devastating consequences for both the liver and neurologic/psychiatric health. This disease is of increasing interest to neurologists, hepatologists, and geneticists, but when the disease is diagnosed early, it is treatable, with patients living normal lives. This volume describes the molecular pathophysiology of WD and the clinical and pathological effects of copper. Separate sections address both diagnosis and medical and surgical approaches to treatment. Both adult and pediatric perspectives on diagnosis and treatment are addressed, and a section on genetics highlights advances in molecular diagnostics. Patient support groups that can aid in coping with this disease are also discussed, as are animal models for those interested in basic research on cell biology, pathophysiology, and treatment. - Addresses the molecular pathophysiology of WD and the clinical and pathological effects of copper - Offers coverage of both diagnosis and medical and surgical approaches to treatment - Includes perspectives on both adult and pediatric diagnosis and treatment - Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field from around the globe—the broadest, most expert coverage available




Trace Elements and Minerals in Health and Longevity


Book Description

This book describes the role of trace elements in health and longevity, pursuing a biogerontological approach. It offers essential information on the impact of trace elements on molecular and physiological processes of aging, and on their impact on health in connection with aging. The major topics covered in its 11 chapters, each dedicated to a specific trace element or mineral, are: a) Role of the element in species longevity, b) Recommended intake for longevity in animal species and in the elderly, c) Deficiency and age-related disease, d) Excess/toxicity and age-related disease, and e) Interactions with drugs prescribed in the elderly. Clinical, animal and other laboratory models of interest in aging are included, which enable a more in-depth analysis to be made. The respective chapters are a mixture of overviews and more in-depth reviews in which the mechanisms of aging are described from the point of view of their specific interactions with trace elements and minerals.




Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc


Book Description

This volume is the newest release in the authoritative series issued by the National Academy of Sciences on dietary reference intakes (DRIs). This series provides recommended intakes, such as Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), for use in planning nutritionally adequate diets for individuals based on age and gender. In addition, a new reference intake, the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL), has also been established to assist an individual in knowing how much is "too much" of a nutrient. Based on the Institute of Medicine's review of the scientific literature regarding dietary micronutrients, recommendations have been formulated regarding vitamins A and K, iron, iodine, chromium, copper, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, and other potentially beneficial trace elements such as boron to determine the roles, if any, they play in health. The book also: Reviews selected components of food that may influence the bioavailability of these compounds. Develops estimates of dietary intake of these compounds that are compatible with good nutrition throughout the life span and that may decrease risk of chronic disease where data indicate they play a role. Determines Tolerable Upper Intake levels for each nutrient reviewed where adequate scientific data are available in specific population subgroups. Identifies research needed to improve knowledge of the role of these micronutrients in human health. This book will be important to professionals in nutrition research and education.




Liver Pathophysiology


Book Description

Liver Pathophysiology: Therapies and Antioxidants is a complete volume on morphology, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and treatment of liver diseases. It uses an integral approach towards the role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of hepatic injury, and how their deleterious effects may be abrogated by the use of antioxidants. Written by the most prominent authors in the field, this book will be of use to basic and clinical scientists and clinicians working in the biological sciences, especially those dedicated to the study and treatment of liver pathologies. Presents the most recent advances in hepatology, with a special focus on the role of oxidative stress in liver injury. Provides in vivo and in vitro models to study human liver pathology. Explains the beneficial effects of antioxidants on liver diseases. Contains the most recent and modern treatments of hepatic pathologies, including, but not limited to, stem cells repopulation, gene therapy and liver transplantation.




Biological Inorganic Chemistry


Book Description

Part A.: Overviews of biological inorganic chemistry : 1. Bioinorganic chemistry and the biogeochemical cycles -- 2. Metal ions and proteins: binding, stability, and folding -- 3. Special cofactors and metal clusters -- 4. Transport and storage of metal ions in biology -- 5. Biominerals and biomineralization -- 6. Metals in medicine. -- Part B.: Metal ion containing biological systems : 1. Metal ion transport and storage -- 2. Hydrolytic chemistry -- 3. Electron transfer, respiration, and photosynthesis -- 4. Oxygen metabolism -- 5. Hydrogen, carbon, and sulfur metabolism -- 6. Metalloenzymes with radical intermediates -- 7. Metal ion receptors and signaling. -- Cell biology, biochemistry, and evolution: Tutorial I. -- Fundamentals of coordination chemistry: Tutorial II.




Management of Wilson Disease


Book Description

This pocket guide provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis, treatment, and management of Wilson disease. Drawing upon expertise from the Center of Excellence at Yale University in liver disease, neurology, and psychiatry for adult and pediatric patients, as well as dieticians, clinical trial coordinators, representatives from the Wilson Disease Association and outside experts from the US and UK as well, this guide provides a balanced and easy to digest approach to understanding treatment and care for Wilson disease patients. The text reviews different treatment options and other care needed to address clinical symptoms, as well as the testing needed for monitoring efficacy and adherence. Furthermore, the volume discusses these issues in the context of a best care model, which is an integrative care model where patients and their caregivers partner with Centers of Excellence with expertise in this rare disorder, to achieve best long-term outcomes. Written by experts in the field, Management of Wilson Disease: A Pocket Guide is a valuable resource for clinicians and primary care physicians who treat patients with Wilson disease.




Clinical and Translational Perspectives on Wilson Disease


Book Description

The Handbook of Wilson Disease: A Worldwide Perspective and Translational Approach brings together the genetics & cell and structural biology of Wilson Disease into one contemporary, easy to navigate handbook. Aimed to meet the needs of the diverse clinical and research communities of Wilson Disease, this reference provides a worldwide approach that is concise and translational. Specifically, it provides a basis for clinicians to appreciate 'basic science' aspects of Wilson disease and similarly a basis for researchers to understand the clinical disorder on which their research is focused, fostering constructive dialogue and progress for this puzzling disorder. Offers a contemporary worldwide perspective with contributions from international experts in the field Delivers numerous succinct expert chapters with summaries designed for quick reference Includes a "How-to" appendix for diagnosis and management tips Contains access to a companion website with a self-help teaching module, links to key resources, and an extended reference list