A Non-Technical Guide to International Accounting


Book Description

Business has become more international and more complex. Whether you are a manager, a student, or someone generally interested in corporate financial information, you want information and you want to understand that information. Companies in all countries are required to generate financial information, if for no other reason than to settle their tax obligations. If you are interested in the larger companies, such as those listed on a stock exchange, they must make financial information public, and the nature and type of that information is strictly regulated. Companies must comply with accounting standards. Many countries use the International Accounting Standards issued by the IFRS Foundation. This is a not-for-profit international organization that has developed a single set of high-quality global accounting standards. These standards can be complex, but this book explains clearly the main requirements.




Understanding Financial Reporting Standards: A Non-technical Guide


Book Description

If you want to understand the regulations and practices of financial accounting and reporting, this is the book for you! The authors of this book have developed a unique set of material on corporate financial reporting based on their collective years of teaching experience. In this book, they explain, in non-technical language, the financial information that companies are required to provide.What are companies? Why are they formed? Companies are not charities but are formed to provide a good income to their shareholders by selling us goods and services. Large companies in the UK are mostly known as Public Limited Companies (PLCs). There are about 2,000 PLCs in the London Stock Exchange. But do we understand these companies' objectives and activities? We can do so by examining the financial information they provide publicly in their annual financial reports.To be able to examine the financial statements issued by companies, you need to understand the regulations issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). This book explains the requirements of Financial Reporting Standards. Guidance on the disclosure requirements and examples from companies' financial reports are also provided and explained. Many of these company names are synonymous with our everyday lives. Think about Cadbury Chocolate, Unilever, Diageo, Shell, Boots. It is difficult to conceive our lives without their products and services. The explanation and guidance provided in this book will allow you to understand fully the operations of such companies. This is vital knowledge if you intend to do business with the companies, buy their products and services or find employment with them.




A Guide to the New Language of Accounting and Finance


Book Description

The disciplines of accounting and finance have been rapidly changing in recent years. The methods and techniques being used have created a new language for managers, students, practitioners, academics. The Guide focuses specifically on the terms used in accounting and finance. Important terms and phrases are identified but with a much longer, in-depth explanation than you would normally find in a dictionary. Not only does each entry gives a thorough explanation of each term, it provides two or more references to academic articles that go into much greater depth. Hence, the entries give the reader immediate access to the literature. At the end of the book, the full reference to all the articles that have been cited in the text is given including a list of the many acronyms used in the new world of accounting and finance.




The Definitive Guide to Blockchain for Accounting and Business


Book Description

Blockchain is a disruptive technology potentially impacting how economic transactions are recorded, stored, and verified. Despite such ramifications, there is a lack of literature discussing this from the accountant’s perspective. Through real-world cases this book distils an abstract technology to relatable experiences for business professionals.




A Global View of Financial Accounting


Book Description

In this book we discuss the specific pressures and decisions that influences the changes in corporate reporting The importance of corporate financial reporting has increased over the years. Accountants have developed standards that ensure the financial information issued by companies is rigorous and assists the users of the information in making decisions. Initially counties developed their own standards but the increase in world-wide trade demonstrated the need for an international approach to standard setting. This led to the establishment of International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the issue of international accounting standards. Although accounting standards originally focused on financial information that would be of interest to investors in a company, there is an increasing interest in all corporate activities that shape the way we live. In this book we discuss the specific pressures and decisions that influences the changes in corporate reporting with emphasis given to the U.K., the United Sates and Islamic countries. We also discuss the impact of advances in technology on corporate reporting and we review the nature of information provided by companies to a wider audience than shareholders.




When Numbers Don’t Add Up


Book Description

The author contextualized the phenomenon of accounting fraud using a framework he developed called “Corporate Governance Cosmos.” The book contains an extensive literature review including an evaluation of the seminal theory in this area, namely, the Fraud Triangle. There is a comprehensive exploration of the motivations for accounting fraud and a growing realization that Dark Triad (psychopathy, narcissism, and machiavellianism) tendencies may explain why executives engage in accounting fraud. The author expands an established framework entitled Cooks Recipes Incentives Monitoring End results (C R I M E) by Rezaee (2005), to ‘’C R I M E L’’, where L is the “Learning” from 33 international case studies of accounting fraud. Accountants, auditors, antifraud practitioners, and graduate students will find the case studies of accounting fraud particularly useful as it makes the phenomenon tangible and more understandable. The penultimate chapter is a study of the likely impact of financial technology on accounting fraud. The author concludes by marshalling various insights including a brief discussion of ethics, forwarding his International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (IFAC) ‘‘Ethical Triangle’’, his vision for the future accountant, which he refers to as ‘’accounting engineers’’, and an ancient prescription for the curse of accounting fraud.




Tax Aspects of Corporate Division


Book Description

This book explains and illustrates each of the requirements for a nontaxable corporate division and the methods for mitigating the tax consequences when those requirements cannot be satisfied. For a variety of reasons, corporations can achieve business efficiencies by dividing into two or more entities. The tax consequences of the division could be that both the corporation and the shareholders must recognize taxable income, which often renders the division unfeasible. In order to neutralize the tax effects of business-motivated decisions to divide the corporation, the tax law provides the means for the division to be accomplished without immediate tax consequences for the corporation and its shareholders. The enabling provisions are necessarily complex so as to prevent their exploitation and bring together several other corporate tax concepts dealing with dividends and reorganizations. Moreover, the rules have often changed. This book explains and illustrates each of the requirements for a nontaxable corporate division and the methods for mitigating the tax consequences when those requirements cannot be satisfied. The author also provides numerous diagrams that summarize actual transactions.




Applications of Accounting Information Systems


Book Description

The revolutionary effects of using accounting information systems by displacing manual information systems in the private and public sectors cannot be overstated. The benefits of this substitution of set of processes include increased mathematical accuracy, predefined fields and coding tasks, and de-emphasis of manual clerical labor in favor of labor adept in data processing. Reporting can be significantly automated, facilitating managerial power and control at a distance and the proliferation of global enterprises. The potential detriments are rarely accurately, completely, and timely addressed as information system vendors, management consultants, and corporate procurement teams race toward the popularly conceived state of the art. Systems are ballyhooed as continually improving in processing speed, functionality, and capacity. Users of these automated systems may not consider big picture effects, and they may not intelligently consider the conduct risks to their own enterprises by concentrating such global reach and influence at high levels of senior management without dedicating adequate resources to verifying the accuracy, completeness, and timeliness of the information systems. This book considers these risks.




Sustainability Performance and Reporting


Book Description

This book provides a step-by-step approach for organizations to reap benefits from a more sustainable approach. As organizations tackle global challenges, the faces of our businesses and our economic system are changing to consider the interests of all stakeholders rather than just shareholders. This book provides a step-by-step approach for organizations to reap benefits from a more sustainable approach. It begins with a brief history of the concept of sustainability as it applies to both performance and reporting. Implementing sustainability in an organization begins with the development of policies which are consistent with the expectations of its stakeholders. An organization’s active participation in multi-stakeholder initiatives helps to align the policies with societal trends. Once the policies are developed, a management system is crucial to ensure congruence of policies with actual performance. Then, periodic reporting of performance based on well-recognized standards aids stakeholders in assessing an organization’s performance–reporting also helps stakeholders to determine if performance aligns with their expectations. Both internal and external assurances build stakeholder trust in the organization’s performance and reporting. Finally, the book concludes with a reflection on key messages and potential future actions for continuous improvement.




Twenty-First Century Corporate Reporting


Book Description

How and why do corporations use the internet for reporting to their stakeholders? How and why has corporate reporting extended beyond financial reporting to include environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting and even integrated reporting. The major drivers of modern reporting have changed, to include data driven decision making, big data, and advanced analytics, as well as the use of electronic representations of data with tools such as XBRL. Here we explore the various vehicles for using the internet, including social media and blogs as well as corporate websites and the websites of regulators. And we delve into the impact of portable devices, like smartphones and tablets. Corporate reporting on the internet is changing fast because of changes in technology and stakeholder expectations. Companies are having a hard time keeping up. This book offers a roadmap to follow–a roadmap to start on now. Most importantly, the book lays out a strong case for integrated reporting and shows how reporting on the internet is ideally suited to the creation of integrated reports. This book is of interest to executives in charge of the reporting function for their companies, students of accounting and management, and to serious investors and others with a strong interest in corporate reporting and the direction in which it is headed.