Community Development in an Uncertain World


Book Description

In Community Development in an Uncertain World, Jim Ife draws on the principles of social justice, ecological responsibility and post-Enlightenment and Indigenous perspectives to advance new holistic approaches to community development. The book explores the concept of community development on a local and international scale in the context of globalisation and postcolonial theory. Students will gain the essential skills and practical understanding required to navigate the existing managerial environment and cultivate new community practices. This new edition incorporates current research into community development and includes important new work on 'alternative visions' for a sustainable and just future. It introduces the foundational theories of community development and explains their importance in shaping solutions to uniquely modern issues. Readers are encouraged to critically engage with the material through the accompanying discussion questions. Written in an accessible, engaging style, this text is an essential resource for students and professionals in the human services.




Human Rights from Below


Book Description

In Human Rights from Below, Jim Ife shows how human rights and community development are problematic terms but powerful ideals, and that each is essential for understanding and practising the other. Ife contests that practitioners - advocates, activists, workers and volunteers - can better empower and protect communities when human rights are treated as more than just a specialist branch of law or international relations, and that human rights can be better realised when community development principles are applied. The book offers a long overdue assessment of how human rights and community development are invariably interconnected. It highlights how critical it is to understand the two as a basis for thinking about and taking action to address the serious challenges facing the world in the twenty-first century. Written both for students and for community development and human rights workers, Human Rights from Below brings together the important fields of human rights and community development, to enrich our thinking of both.




Art from Trauma


Book Description

What is the role of aesthetic expression in responding to discrimination, tragedy, violence, even genocide? How does gender shape responses to both literal and structural violence, including implicit linguistic, familial, and cultural violence? How might writing or other works of art contribute to healing? Art from Trauma: Genocide and Healing beyond Rwanda explores the possibility of art as therapeutic, capable of implementation by mental health practitioners crafting mental health policy in Rwanda. This anthology of scholarly, personal, and hybrid essays was inspired by scholar and activist Chantal Kalisa (1965–2015). At the commemoration of the nineteenth anniversary of the genocide in Rwanda, organized by the Rwandan Embassy in Washington DC, Kalisa gave a presentation, “Who Speaks for the Survivors of the Genocide against Tutsi?” Kalisa devoted her energy to giving expression to those whose voices had been distorted or silenced. The essays in this anthology address how the production and experience of visual, dramatic, cinematic, and musical arts, in addition to literary arts, contribute to healing from the trauma of mass violence, offering preliminary responses to questions like Kalisa’s and honoring her by continuing the dialogue in which she participated with such passion, sharing the work of scholars and colleagues in genocide studies, gender studies, and francophone literatures.




A New Perspective on Trauma


Book Description

The purpose of this qualitative study was to develop a grounded theory explaining the symptomology and conceptualization of trauma for Rwandan refugees who relocated to the United States following the genocide of 1994. Nine semi-structured interviews were given to subjects recruited through local connections in Louisville, Kentucky, and a grounded theory approach (Kolb, 2012; Strauss & Corbin, 1990, 1998) was used to analyze the data. The study found substantial overlap between symptoms described by participants and the DSM-5 criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder, with important cultural differences between methods of healing and treatment compared to Western models. Participants described challenges faced post-genocide and throughout the relocation process, symptoms observed within their Rwandan communities, methods of healing, and their own perspective of mental health. Finally, participants offered advice to Western helpers wanting to provide support to non-Western refugees. Implications for the diagnosis and treatment of traumatized Rwandan refugees, as well as recommendations for future research, are discussed. Keywords: grounded theory, refugee, Rwandan, genocide, qualitative, trauma, posttraumatic stress, PTSD




Rwanda After Genocide


Book Description

In the 1994 Rwanda genocide, around 1 million people were brutally murdered in just thirteen weeks. This book offers an in-depth study of posttraumatic growth in the testimonies of the men and women who survived, highlighting the ways in which they were able to build a new, and often enhanced, way of life. In so doing, Caroline Williamson Sinalo advocates a new reading of trauma: one that recognises not just the negative, but also the positive responses to traumatic experiences. Through an analysis of testimonies recorded in Kinyarwanda by the Genocide Archive of Rwanda, the book focuses particularly on the relationship between posttraumatic growth and gender and examines it within the wider frames of colonialism and traditional cultural practices. Offering a striking alternative to dominant paradigms on trauma, the book reveals that, notwithstanding the countless tales of horror, pain, and loss in Rwanda, there are also stories of strength, recovery, and growth.




Implementing Trauma- and Violence-Informed Care


Book Description

The need for health and social services to be trauma- and violence-informed has never been so pressing. In the wake of COVID-19, racial violence intensified and violence against women spiked globally. Mental health for many is worsening, while the ongoing toxic drug overdose crisis provides horrendous evidence of the impact of trauma, violence, stigma, and social inequities. Service providers across sectors are increasingly impacted by these dynamics and, without supportive environments, are burning out. Implementing Trauma- and Violence-Informed Care aims to support health and social service organizations and providers to create environments, policies, and practices to mitigate the harms of structural and interpersonal violence and the trauma that ensues. The book is organized around case examples of trauma- and violence-informed care (TVIC) implementation and impact in diverse settings, providing how-to guidance for getting started, sustaining momentum, and assessing outcomes. The book describes the importance of TVIC at multiple levels, from individual practices to organizational protocols and system-level policies, emphasizing TVIC’s alignment with system transformation goals. In doing so, the book presents TVIC as a call to action to improve service user experiences and outcomes, efficient and effective use of resources, and the health and well-being of staff, while addressing and reducing health and social inequities.




After Genocide


Book Description

Nicole Fox investigates the ways memorials can shape the experiences of survivors decades after massacres have ended. She examines how memorializations can both heal and hurt, especially when they fail to represent all genders, ethnicities, and classes of those afflicted.




Healing the Wounds of Gukurahundi in Zimbabwe


Book Description

This book is based on a participatory action research project carried out with a group of former Zimbabwe People's revolutionary Army (ZPRA) which was the armed wing of the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) which was led by the late Joshua Nkomo. ZPRA was the primary target of Gukurahundi, a pogrom by the Mugabe government which left an estimated 20 000 civilians dead and countless others tortured in the early 1980s in Matebeleland, Zimbabwe. It has been almost 30 years since the violence ended, but there has never been an official healing and reconciliation programme or truth commission into the atrocities. The government chose the path of amnesia by granting a blanket amnesty to all involved. The regime has enforced a culture of silence over the event through repression and intimidation. The book is a culmination of a two year journey, by the group and the author, of an exploration of group-based self-healing approaches to the pain caused by the violence of Gukurahundi.