› › A Spatially Resolved Study Of The Katrin Main Spectrometer Using A Novel Fast Multipole Method

A Spatially Resolved Study of the KATRIN Main Spectrometer Using a Novel Fast Multipole Method

Author : John Patrick Barrett (Ph. D.)

Publisher :

Page : 350 pages

File Size : 19,62 MB

Release : 2017

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is intended to make a sensitive (~ 200 meV) model-independent measurement of the neutrino mass through high precision electrostatic spectroscopy of the tritium /-decay spectrum. One of the principle components in this experiment is the main spectrometer which serves as an integrating MAC-E filter with 0(1) eV resolution. Thorough understanding of the transmission properties of the main spectrometer system is an inextricable challenge associated with this effort, and requires a very accurate and fast method for calculating the electrostatic fields created within its volume. To this end, the work described in this thesis documents the development of a novel variation on the Fast Multipole Method (FNM), which is a hybrid of the canonical algorithm and the Fast Fourier Transform on Multipoles (FFTM) method. This hybrid technique has been implemented to take advantage of scalable parallel computing resources and has been used to solve the Laplace boundary value problem using the Boundary Element Method with millions of degrees of freedom. Detailed measurements taken during the KATRIN main spectrometer commissioning phase are used to validate the fully three-dimensional electrostatic field calculation and the hybrid fast multipole method. Then, the hybrid method is used to greatly accelerate charged particle tracking in a high-statistics Monte Carlo simulation. The data from this simulation is then used to develop a spatially resolved model of the main spectrometer transmission function. This full transmission function model is then used to evaluate the performance of several of approximate transmission function models, the results of which show that a purely axially symmetric treatment of the main spectrometer is not sufficient. We conclude by addressing the appropriate level of measurement detail needed in order to reconstruct a realistic, non-axially symmetric transmission function model.



Tip Enhancement

Author :

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 339 pages

File Size : 32,75 MB

Release : 2011-09-22

Category : Science

ISBN : 008046789X

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Book Description

This book discusses the recent advances in the area of near-field Raman scattering, mainly focusing on tip-enhanced and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Some of the key features covered here are the optical structuring and manipulations, single molecule sensitivity, analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes, and analytic applications in chemistry, biology and material sciences. This book also discusses the plasmonic materials for better enhancement, and optical antennas. Further, near-field microscopy based on second harmonic generation is also discussed. Chapters have been written by some of the leading scientists in this field, who present some of their recent work in this field.·Near-field Raman scattering·Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy·Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy·Nano-photonics·Nanoanalysis of Physical, chemical and biological materials beyond the diffraction limits·Single molecule detection



Measurements of Neutrino Mass

Author : Fernando Ferroni

Publisher : IOS Press

Page : 493 pages

File Size : 18,18 MB

Release : 2009

Category : Science

ISBN : 1607500388

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Book Description

"This volume offers a valuable insight into various aspects of the ongoing work directed at measuring neutrino mass. It took twenty years to refute the assertions of Bethe and Peierls that neutrinos were not observable, but it has since been realised that much can be learnt from these particles. The moral is, as Fiorini argues here, that the study of neutrinos was and remains demanding but rewarding. Subjects addressed in this volume include: clarifying the meaning of the Klapdor-Kleingrothaus results, probing the Majorana nature of neutrinos, observing lepton number violating effects for the first time, studying the end point of the spectrum in the search for neutrino masses and speculating whether it is possible to measure neutrino masses in cosmology. Lectures are enriched with rich historical overviews and valuable introductory material. Attention is also given to theoretical topics such as the evolution of the concept of mass in particle physics, a status report on neutrino oscillations and current discussion on neutrino masses. The reader is further reminded that neutrino masses may also have some bearing on the very origin of the matter among us, and have many deep links with other important lines of current physics research." --Book Jacket.



Handbook of Vacuum Technology

Author : Karl Jousten

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 1050 pages

File Size : 32,82 MB

Release : 2016-06-14

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3527688250

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Book Description

This comprehensive, standard work has been updated to remain an important resource for all those needing detailed knowledge of the theory and applications of vacuum technology. The text covers the existing knowledge on all aspects of vacuum science and technology, ranging from fundamentals to components and operating systems. It features many numerical examples and illustrations to help visualize the theoretical issues, while the chapters are carefully cross-linked and coherent symbols and notations are used throughout the book. The whole is rounded off by a user-friendly appendix of conversion tables, mathematical tools, material related data, overviews of processes and techniques, equipment-related data, national and international standards, guidelines, and much more. As a result, engineers, technicians, and scientists will be able to develop and work successfully with the equipment and environment found in a vacuum.



Advances in Solid State Physics 48

Author : Rolf Haug

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 390 pages

File Size : 47,63 MB

Release : 2008-11-27

Category : Science

ISBN : 3540858598

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Book Description

The 2008 Spring Meeting of the Arbeitskreis Festkörperphysik was held in Berlin, Germany, between February 24 and February 29, 2008 in conjunction with the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. The 2008 meeting was the largest physics meeting in Europe and among the largest physics meetings in the world in 2008.



Nuclear and Particle Physics

Author : C. Amsler

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 45,62 MB

Release : 2015

Category : Nuclear physics

ISBN : 9780750311403

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Book Description

This book provides an introductory course on Nuclear and Particle physics for undergraduate and early-graduate students, which the author has taught for several years at the University of Zurich. It contains fundamentals on both nuclear physics and particle physics. Emphasis is given to the discovery and history of developments in the field, and is experimentally/phenomenologically oriented. It contains detailed derivations of formulae such as 2- 3 body phase space, the Weinberg-Salam model, and neutrino scattering. Originally published in German as 'Kern- und Teilchenphysik', several sections have been added to this new English version to cover very modern topics, including updates on neutrinos, the Higgs boson, the top quark and bottom quark physics. - Prové de l'editor.



One Hundred Years at the Intersection of Chemistry and Physics

Author : Jeremiah James

Publisher : Walter de Gruyter

Page : 325 pages

File Size : 45,15 MB

Release : 2011-10-27

Category : Science

ISBN : 311023954X

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Book Description

This volume, occasioned by the centenary of the Fritz Haber Institute, formerly the Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, covers the institute's scientific and institutional history from its founding until the present. The institute was among the earliest established by the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, and its inauguration was one of the first steps in the development of Berlin-Dahlem into a center for scientific research. Its establishment was made possible by an endowment from Leopold Koppel, granted on the condition that Fritz Haber, well-known for his discovery of a method to synthesize ammonia from its elements, be made its director. The history of the institute has largely paralleled that of 20th-century Germany. It undertook controversial weapons research during World War I, followed by a "Golden Era" during the 1920s, in spite of financial hardships. Under the National Socialists it experienced a purge of its scientific staff and a diversion of its research into the service of the new regime, accompanied by a breakdown in its international relations. In the immediate aftermath of World War II it suffered crippling material losses, from which it recovered slowly in the post-war era. In 1953, shortly after taking the name of its founding director, the institute joined the fledgling Max Planck Society. During the 1950s and 60s, the institute supported diverse researches into the structure of matter and electron microscopy in a territorially insular and politically precarious West-Berlin. In subsequent decades, as both Berlin and the Max Planck Society underwent significant changes, the institute reorganized around a board of coequal scientific directors and a renewed focus on the investigation of elementary processes on surfaces and interfaces, topics of research that had been central to the work of Fritz Haber and the first "Golden Era" of the institute.



Methods in Molecular Biophysics

Author : Nathan R. Zaccai

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 710 pages

File Size : 16,59 MB

Release : 2017-05-18

Category : Science

ISBN : 1108508804

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Book Description

Current techniques for studying biological macromolecules and their interactions are based on the application of physical methods, ranging from classical thermodynamics to more recently developed techniques for the detection and manipulation of single molecules. Reflecting the advances made in biophysics research over the past decade, and now including a new section on medical imaging, this new edition describes the physical methods used in modern biology. All key techniques are covered, including mass spectrometry, hydrodynamics, microscopy and imaging, diffraction and spectroscopy, electron microscopy, molecular dynamics simulations and nuclear magnetic resonance. Each method is explained in detail using examples of real-world applications. Short asides are provided throughout to ensure that explanations are accessible to life scientists, physicists and those with medical backgrounds. The book remains an unparalleled and comprehensive resource for graduate students of biophysics and medical physics in science and medical schools, as well as for research scientists looking for an introduction to techniques from across this interdisciplinary field.



Immobilized Biocatalysts

Author : Peter Grunwald

Publisher : MDPI

Page : 511 pages

File Size : 48,99 MB

Release : 2018-11-14

Category : Science

ISBN : 3038973181

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Book Description

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Immobilized Biocatalysts" that was published in Catalysts



Functional Polymers by Post-Polymerization Modification

Author : Patrick Theato

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 431 pages

File Size : 18,53 MB

Release : 2013-02-12

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3527655441

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Book Description

In modern polymer science a variety of polymerization methods for the direct synthesis of polymers bearing functional groups are known. However, there is still a large number of functional groups that may either completely prevent polymerization or lead to side reactions. Post-polymerization modification, also known as polymer-analogous modification, is an alternative approach to overcome these limitations. It is based on the polymerization of monomers with functional groups that are inert towards the polymerization conditions but allow a quantitative conversion in a subsequent reaction step yielding a broad range of other functional groups. Thus, diverse libraries of functional polymers with identical average degrees of polymerization but variable side chain functionality may easily be generated. Filling the gap for a book dealing with synthetic strategies and recent developments, this volume provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the field of post-polymerization modification. As such, the international team of expert authors covers a wide range of topics, including new synthetic techniques utilizing different reactive groups for post-polymerization modifications with examples ranging from modification of biomimetic and biological polymers to modification of surfaces. With its guidelines this is an indispensable and interdisciplinary reference for scientists working in both academic and industrial polymer research.