Fuel Cell Fundamentals


Book Description

A complete, up-to-date, introductory guide to fuel cell technology and application Fuel Cell Fundamentals provides a thorough introduction to the principles and practicalities behind fuel cell technology. Beginning with the underlying concepts, the discussion explores fuel cell thermodynamics, kinetics, transport, and modeling before moving into the application side with guidance on system types and design, performance, costs, and environmental impact. This new third edition has been updated with the latest technological advances and relevant calculations, and enhanced chapters on advanced fuel cell design and electrochemical and hydrogen energy systems. Worked problems, illustrations, and application examples throughout lend a real-world perspective, and end-of chapter review questions and mathematical problems reinforce the material learned. Fuel cells produce more electricity than batteries or combustion engines, with far fewer emissions. This book is the essential introduction to the technology that makes this possible, and the physical processes behind this cost-saving and environmentally friendly energy source. Understand the basic principles of fuel cell physics Compare the applications, performance, and costs of different systems Master the calculations associated with the latest fuel cell technology Learn the considerations involved in system selection and design As more and more nations turn to fuel cell commercialization amidst advancing technology and dropping deployment costs, global stationary fuel cell revenue is expected to grow from $1.4 billion to $40.0 billion by 2022. The sector is forecasted to explode, and there will be a tremendous demand for high-level qualified workers with advanced skills and knowledge of fuel cell technology. Fuel Cell Fundamentals is the essential first step toward joining the new energy revolution.




Design and Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells


Book Description

Design and Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: The Systems Engineering Vision for Industrial Application presents a comprehensive, critical and accessible review of the latest research in the field of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). As well as discussing the theoretical aspects of the field, the book explores a diverse range of power applications, such as hybrid power plants, polygeneration, distributed electricity generation, energy storage and waste management—all with a focus on modeling and computational skills. Dr. Sharifzadeh presents the associated risks and limitations throughout the discussion, providing a very complete and thorough analysis of SOFCs and their control and operation in power plants. The first of its kind, this book will be of particular interest to energy engineers, industry experts and academic researchers in the energy, power and transportation industries, as well as those working and researching in the chemical, environmental and material sectors. - Closes the gap between various power engineering disciples by considering a diverse variety of applications and sectors - Presents and reviews a variety of modeling techniques and considers regulations throughout - Includes CFD modeling examples and process simulation and optimization programming guidance




Fuel Cell Engineering


Book Description

Fuel cells are attractive electrochemical energy converters featuring potentially very high thermodynamic efficiency factors. The focus of this volume of Advances in Chemical Engineering is on quantitative approaches, particularly based on chemical engineering principles, to analyze, control and optimize the steady state and dynamic behavior of low and high temperature fuel cells (PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC) to be applied in mobile and stationary systems. - Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings using original reviews - Written by leading industry experts and scholars - Reviews and analyzes developments in the field




High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for the 21st Century


Book Description

High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Second Edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. The text brings the topic of green energy front and center, illustrating the need for new books that provide comprehensive and practical information on specific types of fuel cells and their applications. This landmark volume on solid oxide fuel cells contains contributions from experts of international repute, and provides a single source of the latest knowledge on this topic. - A single source for all the latest information on solid oxide fuel cells and their applications - Illustrates the need for new, more comprehensive books and study on the topic - Explores the growing interest in fuel cells as viable, sustainable sources of energy




High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications


Book Description

High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications provides a comprehensive discussion of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). SOFCs are the most efficient devices for the electrochemical conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity, and have been gaining increasing attention for clean and efficient distributed power generation. The book explains the operating principle, cell component materials, cell and stack designs and fabrication processes, cell and stack performance, and applications of SOFCs. Individual chapters are written by internationally renowned authors in their respective fields, and the text is supplemented by a large number of references for further information. The book is primarily intended for use by researchers, engineers, and other technical people working in the field of SOFCs. Even though the technology is advancing at a very rapid pace, the information contained in most of the chapters is fundamental enough for the book to be useful even as a text for SOFC technology at the graduate level.




Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells


Book Description

Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Electrolytes, Electrodes and Interconnects introduces the fundamental principles of intermediate solid oxide fuel cells technology. It provides the reader with a broad understanding and practical knowledge of the electrodes, pyrochlore/perovskite/oxide electrolytes and interconnects which form the backbone of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) unit. Opening with an introduction to the thermodynamics, physiochemical and electrochemical behavior of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), the book also discusses specific materials, including low temperature brownmillerites and aurivillius electrolytes, as well as pyrochlore interconnects. This book analyzes the basic concepts, providing cutting-edge information for both researchers and students. It is a complete reference for Intermediate Solid Oxide Fuel Cells technology that will be a vital resource for those working in materials science, fuel cells and solid state chemistry. - Provides a single source of information on glass, electrolytes, interconnects, vanadates, pyrochlores and perovskite SOFC - Includes illustrations that provide a clear visual explanation of concepts being discussed - Progresses from a discussion of basic concepts that will enable readers to easily comprehend the subject matter




Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells


Book Description

Fuel cell technology is quite promising for conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity without forming air pollutants. There are several types of fuel cells: polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and alkaline fuel cell (AFC). Among these, SOFCs are the most efficient and have various advantages such as flexibility in fuel, high reliability, simple balance of plant (BOP), and a long history. Therefore, SOFC technology is attracting much attention as a power plant and is now close to marketing as a combined heat and power generation system. From the beginning of SOFC development, many perovskite oxides have been used for SOFC components; for example, LaMnO -based oxide for the cathode and 3 LaCrO for the interconnect are the most well known materials for SOFCs. The 3 current SOFCs operate at temperatures higher than 1073 K. However, lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs is an important goal for further SOFC development. Reliability, durability, and stability of the SOFCs could be greatly improved by decreasing their operating temperature. In addition, a lower operating temperature is also beneficial for shortening the startup time and decreasing energy loss from heat radiation. For this purpose, faster oxide ion conductors are required to replace the conventional Y O -stabilized ZrO 2 3 2 electrolyte. A new class of electrolytes such as LaGaO is considered to be 3 highly useful for intermediate-temperature SOFCs.




Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Lifetime and Reliability


Book Description

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Lifetime and Reliability: Critical Challenges in Fuel Cells presents in one volume the most recent research that aims at solving key issues for the deployment of SOFC at a commercial scale and for a wider range of applications. To achieve that, authors from different regions and backgrounds address topics such as electrolytes, contaminants, redox cycling, gas-tight seals, and electrode microstructure. Lifetime issues for particular elements of the fuel cells, like cathodes, interconnects, and fuel processors, are covered as well as new materials. They also examine the balance of SOFC plants, correlations between structure and electrochemical performance, methods for analysis of performance and degradation assessment, and computational and statistical approaches to quantify degradation. For its holistic approach, this book can be used both as an introduction to these issues and a reference resource for all involved in research and application of solid oxide fuel cells, especially those developing understanding in industrial applications of the lifetime issues. This includes researchers in academia and industrial R&D, graduate students and professionals in energy engineering, electrochemistry, and materials sciences for energy applications. It might also be of particular interest to analysts who are looking into integrating SOFCs into energy systems. - Brings together in a single volume leading research and expert thinking around the broad topic of SOFC lifetime and durability - Explores issues that affect solid oxide fuel cells elements, materials, and systems with a holistic approach - Provides a practical reference for overcoming some of the common failure mechanisms of SOFCs - Features coverage of integrating SOFCs into energy systems




Hydrogen Energy Engineering


Book Description

This book focuses on the fundamental principles and latest research findings in hydrogen energy fields including: hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cells, hydrogen safety, economics, and the impact on society. Further, the book introduces the latest development trends in practical applications, especially in commercial household fuel cells and commercial fuel cell vehicles in Japan. This book not only helps readers to further their basic knowledge, but also presents the state of the art of hydrogen-energy-related research and development. This work serves as an excellent reference for beginners such as graduate students, as well as a handbook and systematic summary of entire hydrogen-energy systems for scientists and engineers.




Reduced Modelling of Planar Fuel Cells


Book Description

This book focuses on novel reduced cell and stack models for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and planar solid oxide fuel cells (P-SOFCs) that serve to reduce the computational cost by two orders of magnitude or more with desired numerical accuracy, while capturing both the average properties and the variability of the dependent variables in the 3D counterparts. The information provided can also be applied to other kinds of plate-type fuel cells whose flow fields consist of parallel plain channels separated by solid ribs. These fast and efficient models allow statistical sensitivity analysis for a sample size in the order of 1000 without prohibitive computational cost to be performed to investigate not only the individual, but also the simultaneous effects of a group of varying geometrical, material, and operational parameters. This provides important information for cell/stack design, and to illustrate this, Monte Carlo simulation of the reduced P-SOFC model is conducted at both the single-cell and stack levels.