Insect Photoperiodism


Book Description

Insect Photoperiodism reviews the many aspects of photoperiodism, particularly in insects, emphasizing the concepts that serve to place the subject in a meaningful relationship to the whole of modern biology. Photoperiodism is the study of the adaptive mechanisms by which living systems exploit this source of temporal information. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins by discussing the relationships between an endogenous behavioral rhythm and the exogenous photoperiod. Aside from behavioral activities, it also shows that some observable developmental events tend to occur at species-typical times of the day and to be photoperiodically regulated. Notably, photoperiod may exert either or both of two regulatory effects on insect development: growth rate effects or polymorphism. Furthermore, the characteristics of some of the principal physiological rhythms that have been studied; role of photoperiod in the control of diapauses; and the circadian functions and theoretical nature of biological clock are explored in this book.




ARS-S.


Book Description




Ecology and Behaviour of the Ladybird Beetles (Coccinellidae)


Book Description

Ladybirds are probably the best known predators of aphids and coccids in the world, though this greatly underestimates the diversity of their biology. Maximising their impact on their prey is an important element in modern conservation biological control of indigenous natural enemies in contrast to the classical approach of releasing alien species. Ivo Hodek is one of the most internationally respected experts on coccinellids who has researched these insects for his entire career. He has now brought together 14 scientists of international standing to author 12 chapters, making this book the definitive treatment of coccinellid biology and ecology. This volume covers the rapid scientific developments of recent years in the understanding of coccinellid phylogeny, the semiochemicals influencing their behaviour and of molecular genetics. Recent insights in relation to intraguild predation and the assessment of the predatory impact of coccinellids are also covered. Other special features of the volume are the extensive references covering the literature from both East and West and a taxonomic glossary of the up-to-date nomenclature for species of coccinellids as well as of other organisms mentioned in the text. While aimed at researchers, university teachers and agricultural entomologists, the book is readable and appropriate for others who just have a liking for these interesting and attractive insects.




A Bibliography of Ant Systematics


Book Description

This bibliography is a comprehensive compilation of the literature on ant systematics. Covering the period 1758 to 1995, it contains entries for approximately 8,000 publications on the taxonomy, evolution, and comparative biology of ants. Most of the literature citations have been carefully verified and precisely dated. An introductory chapter discusses the problems associated with dating a citation of taxonomic literature. A list of all serials cited (more than 1,300 titles) and their abbreviations accompanies the bibliography.




Ecology of Coccinellidae


Book Description

Coccinellids have been very actively studied in the course of the twenty three years since "Biology of Coccinellidae" was published. The great amount of new, and often very important findings have made the previous book outdated and a new synthesis is needed. No other monograph of similar focus and extent has appeared. Iablokoff Khnzorian's "Les Coccinelles" (1982), limited to the tribus Coccinellini, and Gor don's "The Coccinellidae of America North of Mexico" (1985) both concentrate on taxonomy. Majerus' beautiful "Ladybirds" (1994) deal specifically with British coc cinellids and address chiefly amateur naturalists. The focus and the title of the recent book are slightly different from the 1973 vol ume. If a satisfactory comprehensive review of important new findings is attempted, the book would grow too much, due also to References and Indexes. To keep the vol ume at a tolerable extent, the section on larval identification of Palaearctic species has been omitted; not much could be added to the previous version of that part, any way. However, we have kept Kovar's chapter on morphology and anatomy, because of its relation to feeding and other ecological aspects. The chapter on phylogeny was updated also by him. Our Polish friend, Piotr Ceryngier, who has recently specialised in parasites, updated perfectly the parts on parasites and pathogens in Chapter 8. We would be glad if their contribution is quoted by their names. It seems to us that the remarks, contained in the reprinted preface to the previous volume, remain pertinent today.







Pegs, Pouches, and Spines: Systematics and Comparative Morphology of the New World Litter Bug Genus Chinannus Wygodzinsky, 1948


Book Description

Dipsocoromorpha, the minute litter bugs, are minuscule true bugs with substantial undescribed biodiversity. The authors of the newest Thomas Say Monograph taxonomically revise the genus Chinannus Wygodzinsky, 1948 (Dipsocoromorpha: Schizopteridae: Ogeriinae), describe 26 new species, and expand the known natural range of species in the genus to span most countries between Nicaragua and Bolivia.




Nontarget Effects of Biological Control


Book Description

Nontarget Effects of Biological Control is the first book of its kind. The environmental safety of biological control has come under scrutiny due to several areas of concerns: the irreversibility of alien introductions, the prevalence of host switching to innocuous native or beneficial species, dispersal of the biocontrol agent to new habitats away from croplands, and the lack of research on the efficacy and impact of biocontrol attempts. The debate has been strongly polarized between conservationists and biological control practitioners. Nontarget Effects of Biological Control proposes that retrospective analyses of systems in place in which nontarget effects are now documented or suspected provide the necessary information for planning and evaluating future releases to reduce risk. The book presents case histories of past biological control introductions from island and continental ecosystems.




Metamorphosis


Book Description

Metamorphosis addresses various facets of postembryonic development, particularly signal transduction, morphogenesis, cell-cell interactions, and programmed cell death. A key feature of the book is its exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. - Hormonal regulation of development - The mechanisms of hormone action - The steroid/thyroid hormone receptor family - Morphogenesis and programmed cell death




Insecticide Mode of Action


Book Description

Insecticide Mode of Action presents significant research on the biological activity of insecticides. The book is organized into three sections encompassing 13 chapters that summarize three major groups of insecticides, including neurotoxic, formamidine, and developmental insecticides. The first section of the book presents studies on groups of conventional neurotoxic insecticides: chlorinated hydrocarbons, pyrethroids, carbamates, and organophosphorus chemicals. This text discusses their structure, poisoning property, structure-activity relationships, and stereoselectivity. The subsequent section discusses the biochemical, biological, and neurotoxic actions of formamidines, a group of pesticides that exhibit an unusual spectrum of activity. Several modes of action of pharmacological significance as well as some important behavioral effects are included in this section. The third section addresses groups of insecticides that affect insect growth and development. Such chemicals typically demonstrate marked selectivity and represent more sophisticated strategies in the chemical control of insect pests. This book is of value to researchers, teachers, and regulatory personnel concerned with the biological activity of insecticides.