Advances in Solid State Fermentation


Book Description

G.HAINNAUX Departement Milieu et Activites Agricoles, Centre ORSTOM, 911 Avenue d' Agropolis, B.P. 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex , France. Solid state fermentation, popularly abbreviated as SSF, is currently investigated by many groups throughout the world. The study of this technique was largely neglected in the past in European and Western countries and there is now a high demand for SSF, meaning in food, environment, agricultural, phannaceutical and many other biotechnological applications. It gives me satisfaction to note that the importance of this technique was realised at my department way back in 1975 since then, our team has put concentrated efforts on developing this technique. xvii Foreword Advances in Solid State Fermentation Foreword M. PUYGRENIER Agropolis Valorisation, Avenue d' Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. On the name of the Scientific Community, I would like to express the wish that this International Symposium on SSF should be successful. Solid State Fermentation is part of biotechnology research. It consists on seeding solid culture medium with bacteria or fungi (filamentous or higher) and on producing, in this medium (solid components and exudates) metabolites and high value products. In fact, this process is very old. In older industries such the food and agricultural, this technique has been extensively used. An example of this is the production of pork sausages and Roquefort cheese. Pharmaceutical industry could make extensive use of SSF in the production of secondary metabolites of many kinds and development in this direction is soon expected.




The Nutrition of the Rabbit


Book Description

Rabbit production systems are important providers of meat in many parts of the world. The species has many advantages, including rapid growth rate and good reproductive performance. It is adaptable in that it may be reared under intensive conditions, but is also successful under small scale production systems, which are of considerable value in the economics of emerging countries. Although not a ruminant, its digestive system allows it to thrive on high fiber raw materials. The meat has a comparatively healthy low fat image, which is increasingly important to consumers and there appear to be few impediments, such as religious considerations, to rabbit meat consumption. However, the science of rabbit production has received relatively little attention, although there are recognized rabbit research groups worldwide and a wealth of data exists in a scattered form in the literature. This book brings together that expertise under one cover. It covers a range of topics, from digestive physiology and nutrient/energy allowances to feed formulation and production. The information provided will be an invaluable asset to those involved in rabbit rearing, whether as companion animals or for meat production, and will also provide data of considerable interest to animal nutritionists and zoologists working on rabbits and related mammals.




Terra 2008


Book Description

Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.




Fundamentals of Cell Immobilisation Biotechnology


Book Description

Cell Immobilisation Biotechnology Biotechnology is divided into two volumes. The first volume is dedicated to fundamental aspects of cell immobilisation while the second volume deals with the diverse applications of this technology. The first volume, Fundamentals of Cell Immobilisation Biotechnology, comprises 26 chapters arranged into four parts: Materials for cell immobilisation/encapsulation, Methods and technologies for cell immobilisation/encapsulation, Carrier characterisation and bioreactor design, and Physiology of immobilised cells: techniques and mathematical modelling.




Continuous Univariate Distributions, Volume 2


Book Description

Comprehensive reference for statistical distributions Continuous Univariate Distributions, Volume 2 provides in-depth reference for anyone who applies statistical distributions in fields including engineering, business, economics, and the sciences. Covering a range of distributions, both common and uncommon, this book includes guidance toward extreme value, logistics, Laplace, beta, rectangular, noncentral distributions and more. Each distribution is presented individually for ease of reference, with clear explanations of methods of inference, tolerance limits, applications, characterizations, and other important aspects, including reference to other related distributions.




Cementing Technology and Procedures


Book Description

Cementing is a difficult operation and the quality of the result depends on many factors associated with: the state of the open hole section; the equipment and materials employed; the fluids used; the procedures applied. This document presents an update of the information and recommendations on methods and procedures to be applied at the well site.Contents: 1. Drawing up the cementing program: Cement classes according to API specifications. Slurries. General information on flow regime and on spacers. Mud conditioning before cementing. Summary. 2. Different types of cementing: One-stage cementing and two-stage cementing. Cementing with stinger. Cementing a liner. 3. Setting cement plugs to combat lost circulation: Thixotropic slurries, cement gels, cement slurries without additives, and their placement. Plaster Diesel Oil Cement (PDOC) and Diesel Oil Cement (DOC), and their placement. 4. Causes of failure in casing cement jobs and remedies: Losses during slurry placement. Slurry overdisplacement. Lack of tightness of the cement sheath. Flash set. Setting defect. Lack of mechanical strength. Cement deterioration. Casing disconnection.




Photostabilization of Polymers


Book Description

During the last two decades, the production of polymers and plastics has been increasing rapidly. In spite of developing new polymers and polymeric materials, only 40-60 are used commercially on a large scale. It has been estimated that half of the annual production of polymers is employed outdoors. Increasing the stability of polymers and plastics towards heat, light, atmospheric oxygen and other environmental agents and weathering conditions has always been a very important problem. The photochemical instability of most of polymers limits them to outdoor application, where they are photo degraded fast over periods ranging from months to a few years. To the despair of technologists and consumers alike, photodegrada tion and environmental ageing of polymers occur much faster than can be expected from knowledge collected in laboratories. In many cases, improved methods of preparation and purification of both monomers and polymers yield products of better quality and higher resistance to heat and light. However, without stabilization of polymers by applica tion of antioxidants (to decrease thermal oxidative degradation) and photostabilizers (to decrease photo-oxidative degradation) it would be impossible to employ polymers and plastics in everyday use.




Air, Water and Soil Quality Modelling for Risk and Impact Assessment


Book Description

This book contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Air, Water and Soil Quality Modelling for Risk and Impact Assessment. The aim of the workshop was to further joint environmental compartment modelling and applications of control theory to environmental management. It provides an overview of ongoing research in this field regarding assessment of environmental risks and impacts.




Photodegradation of Polymers


Book Description

In this book on physical characteristics and practical aspects of polymer photodegradation Rabek emphasizes the experimental work on the subject. The most important feature of the book is the physical interpretation of polymer degradation, e.g. mechanism of UV/light absorption, formation of excited states, energy transfer mechanism, kinetics, dependence on physical properties of macromolecules and polymer matrices, formation of mechanical defects, practics during environmental ageing. He includes also some aspects of polymer photodegradation in environmental and space condition.




Special Inorganic Cements


Book Description

The only book to cover the use of special inorganic cements instead of standard Portland cement in certain specialist applications, such as oil well drilling or in a high temperature location. Special Inorganic Cements draws together information which is widely scattered in the technical literature. It describes various special cements, their chemistry and mineralogy along with the appropriate manufacturing processes, their hydration and hydration properties, and their applications.