Advanced X-ray Imaging of Electrochemical Energy Materials and Devices


Book Description

This book comprehensively outlines synchrotron-based X-ray imaging technologies and their associated applications in gaining fundamental insights into the physical and chemical properties as well as reaction mechanisms of energy materials. In this book the major X-ray imaging technologies utilised, depending on research goals and sample specifications, are discussed. With X-ray imaging techniques, the morphology, phase, lattice and strain information of energy materials in both 2D and 3D can be obtained in an intuitive way. In addition, due to the high penetration of X-rays, operando/in situ experiments can be designed to track the qualitative and quantitative changes of the samples during operation. This book will broader the reader’s view on X-ray imaging techniques and inspire new ideas and possibilities in energy materials research.




Nanostructured Materials Engineering and Characterization for Battery Applications


Book Description

Nanostructured Materials Engineering and Characterization for Battery Applications is designed to help solve fundamental and applied problems in the field of energy storage. Broken up into four separate sections, the book begins with a discussion of the fundamental electrochemical concepts in the field of energy storage. Other sections look at battery materials engineering such as cathodes, electrolytes, separators and anodes and review various battery characterization methods and their applications. The book concludes with a review of the practical considerations and applications of batteries.This will be a valuable reference source for university professors, researchers, undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as scientists working primarily in the field of materials science, applied chemistry, applied physics and nanotechnology. - Presents practical consideration for battery usage such as LCA, recycling and green batteries - Covers battery characterization techniques including electrochemical methods, microscopy, spectroscopy and X-ray methods - Explores battery models and computational materials design theories




Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Processes


Book Description

This book discusses advanced materials and manufacturing processes with insights and overviews on tribology, automation, mechanical, biomedical, and aerospace engineering, as well as the optimization of industrial applications. The book explores the different types of composite materials while reporting on the design considerations and applications of each. Offering an overview of futuristic research areas, the book examines various engineering optimization and multi-criteria decision-making techniques and introduces a specific control framework used in analyzing processes. The book includes problem analyses and solving skills and covers different types of composite materials, their design considerations, and applications. This book is an informational resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, scholars, and field professionals, providing an update on the current advancements in the field of manufacturing processes.




Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers


Book Description

Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.




Sodium-Ion Batteries


Book Description

Practice-oriented guide systematically summarizing and condensing the development, directions, potential, and core issues of sodium-ion batteries Sodium-Ion Batteries begins with an introduction to sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), including their background, development, definition, mechanism, and classification/configuration, moving on to summarize cathode and anode materials, discuss electrolyte, separator, and other key technologies and devices, and review practical applications and conclusions/prospects of sodium-ion batteries. The text promotes the idea that SIBs can be a good complement, or even a strong competitor, to more mainstream energy technologies in specific application scenarios, including but not limited to large-scale grid energy storage, distributed energy storage, and low-speed electric vehicles, by virtue of considerable advantages in cost-effectiveness compared with lithium-ion, lead-acid, and vanadium redox flow batteries. This book delves into what we have done, where we are, and how we should proceed in regards to the advancement of SIBs, in order to make the technology more applicable in real-world situations. Specific sample topics covered in Sodium-Ion Batteries include: Electrochemical test techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Advanced characterization techniques and theoretical calculation, covering imaging and microscopy, and the synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction technique Designing and manufacturing SIBs, covering types of cells (cylindrical, soft-pack, and psitmatic), and design requirements for cells Performance tests and failure analysis, covering electrochemical and safety performances test, failure phenomenon, failure analysis method, and cost estimation Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, covering principles of ssNMR and shift ranges for battery materials A complete review of an exciting energy storage technology that is undergoing a crucial development stage, Sodium-Ion Batteries is an essential resource for materials scientists, inorganic and physical chemists, and all other academics, researchers, and professionals who wish to stay on the cutting edge of energy technology.




Characterization of Nanomaterials


Book Description

Characterization of Nanomaterials: Advances and Key Technologies discusses the latest advancements in the synthesis of various types of nanomaterials. The book's main objective is to provide a comprehensive review regarding the latest advances in synthesis protocols that includes up-to-date data records on the synthesis of all kinds of inorganic nanostructures using various physical and chemical methods. The synthesis of all important nanomaterials, such as carbon nanostructures, Core-shell Quantum dots, Metal and metal oxide nanostructures, Nanoferrites, polymer nanostructures, nanofibers, and smart nanomaterials are discussed, making this a one-stop reference resource on research accomplishments in this area. Leading researchers from industry, academia, government and private research institutions across the globe have contributed to the book. Academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and students working in the field of polymer nanocomposites will benefit from its solutions for material problems. - Provides an up-to-date data record on the synthesis of all kinds of organic and inorganic nanostructures using various physical and chemical methods - Presents the latest advances in synthesis protocols - Presents latest techniques used in the physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials - Covers characterization of all the important materials groups such as: carbon nanostructures, core-shell quantumdots, metal and metal oxide nanostructures, nanoferrites, polymer nanostructures and nanofibers - A broad range of applications is covered including the performance of batteries, solar cells, water filtration, catalysts, electronics, drug delivery, tissue engineering, food packaging, sensors and fuel cells - Leading researchers from industry, academia, government and private research institutes have contributed to the books




Frontiers in Advanced Materials


Book Description

2nd Academic Conference on Frontiers in Advanced Materials (ACFAM 2018) Selected, peer reviewed papers from the Second Academic Conference on Frontiers in Advanced Materials (ACFAM), November 2-4, 2018, Nanjing, China




Advanced Characterization Of Nanostructured Materials: Probing The Structure And Dynamics With Synchrotron X-rays And Neutrons


Book Description

Advanced Characterization of Nanostructured Materials — Probing the Structure and Dynamics with Synchrotron X-Rays and Neutrons is a collection of chapters which review the characterization of the structure and internal dynamics of a wide variety of nanostructured materials using various synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering techniques. It is intended for graduate students and researchers who might be interested in learning about and applying these methods. The authors are well-known practitioners in their fields of research who provide detailed and authoritative accounts of how these techniques have been applied to study systems ranging from thin films and monolayers on solid surfaces and at liquid-air, liquid-liquid and solid-liquid interfaces; nanostructured composite materials; battery materials, and catalytic materials. While there have been a great many books published on nanoscience, there are relatively few that have discussed in one volume detailed synchrotron X-ray and neutron methods for advanced characterization of nanomaterials in thin films, composite materials, catalytic and battery materials and at interfaces. This book should provide an incentive and a reference for researchers in nanomaterials for using these techniques as a powerful way to characterize their samples. It should also help to popularize the use of synchrotron and neutron facilities by the nanoscience community.







Towards Next Generation Energy Storage Technologies


Book Description

Develop the clean technologies of the future with these novel energy storage technologies Energy storage is a crucial component of the broader battle to develop clean energy sources and transform the power grid in light of advancing climate change. Numerous new energy storage technologies based on electrochemical redox reactions have recently been developed or proposed, promising to reduce costs and enable energy-dense devices and applications of many kinds. This urgent work demands to be incorporated into chemistry, materials science, and industry at every level. Towards Next Generation Energy Storage Technologies offers a comprehensive overview of these novel technologies and their applications. Beginning with an introduction to the fundamentals of electrochemistry and energy storage, it offers current and future research questions, design strategies, and much more. It is a must-own for scientists and engineers looking to develop the energy grid of the future. Towards Next Generation Energy Storage Technologies readers will also find: Summaries of state-of-the-art research and open challenges Detailed discussion of technologies including lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries, aqueous multi-valence energy storage systems, and more Discussion of applications including electric vehicles, aerospace devices, and many others Towards Next Generation Energy Storage Technologies is ideal for materials scientists, inorganic chemists, electrochemists, electronics engineers, and anyone working on the clean energy grid or electrical devices.