Adversarial Case-Making


Book Description

Cases are not objects at hand for legal decision-making; cases are not echoes from a past crime. Cases are, first of all, made within compound discourse apparatus, here the English Crown Court and the procedure/s attached to it. This book reveals the legal production of cases including their relevant features. The socio-legal ethnography visits the natural sites of adversarial case-making: law firms, barristers’ chambers, and Crown Courts. It examines the role and dynamics of client-lawyer meetings, pre-trial hearings, plea bargaining sessions, and jury trials. It focuses on the lawyers’ case-making activities, their procedural contexts, and the resulting cases. As an ethnographic discourse study, the book develops a trans-sequential perspective on the interrelated events and processes of case-making – and by doing so, overcomes the shortcomings of talk-bias and text-bias. The trans-sequential approach pays out in detailed case studies on an alibi, on guilt, or the barrister’s notes; it pays out as well in cross-case studies dealing with legal care, procedural infrastructure, or the case system in the common law tradition.




Adversarial Legalism


Book Description

Robert Kagan examines the origins and consequences of the American system of "adversarial legalism". This study aims to deepen our understanding of law and its relationship to politics, and raises questions about the future of the American legal system.




Adversarial Justice


Book Description

Our adversarial legal system is used to evade the truth and makes winning the paramount goal. Here, a law veteran proposes we shift to an inquisitorial system seeking the truth, and recommends changes to evidentiary rules that confuse law enforcement and juries alike.




Interpretable Machine Learning


Book Description

This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.




Adversarial Justice


Book Description

Our adversarial legal system is used to evade the truth and makes winning the paramount goal. Here, a law veteran proposes we shift to an inquisitorial system seeking the truth, and recommends changes to evidentiary rules that confuse law enforcement and juries alike.




Adversarial Risk Analysis


Book Description

Winner of the 2017 De Groot Prize awarded by the International Society for Bayesian Analysis (ISBA)A relatively new area of research, adversarial risk analysis (ARA) informs decision making when there are intelligent opponents and uncertain outcomes. Adversarial Risk Analysis develops methods for allocating defensive or offensive resources against




Adversarial Learning and Secure AI


Book Description

The first textbook on adversarial machine learning, including both attacks and defenses, background material, and hands-on student projects.




Adversarial Machine Learning


Book Description

Written by leading researchers, this complete introduction brings together all the theory and tools needed for building robust machine learning in adversarial environments. Discover how machine learning systems can adapt when an adversary actively poisons data to manipulate statistical inference, learn the latest practical techniques for investigating system security and performing robust data analysis, and gain insight into new approaches for designing effective countermeasures against the latest wave of cyber-attacks. Privacy-preserving mechanisms and the near-optimal evasion of classifiers are discussed in detail, and in-depth case studies on email spam and network security highlight successful attacks on traditional machine learning algorithms. Providing a thorough overview of the current state of the art in the field, and possible future directions, this groundbreaking work is essential reading for researchers, practitioners and students in computer security and machine learning, and those wanting to learn about the next stage of the cybersecurity arms race.




The Origins of Adversary Criminal Trial


Book Description

The lawyer-dominated adversary system of criminal trial, which now typifies practice in Anglo-American legal systems, was developed in England in the 18th century. This text shows how and why lawyers were able to capture the trial.




Advances in Computer Science, Environment, Ecoinformatics, and Education, Part IV


Book Description

This 5-volume set (CCIS 214-CCIS 218) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Science, Environment, Ecoinformatics, and Education, CSEE 2011, held in Wuhan, China, in July 2011. The 525 revised full papers presented in the five volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on information security, intelligent information, neural networks, digital library, algorithms, automation, artificial intelligence, bioinformatics, computer networks, computational system, computer vision, computer modelling and simulation, control, databases, data mining, e-learning, e-commerce, e-business, image processing, information systems, knowledge management and knowledge discovering, mulitimedia and its apllication, management and information system, moblie computing, natural computing and computational intelligence, open and innovative education, pattern recognition, parallel and computing, robotics, wireless network, web application, other topics connecting with computer, environment and ecoinformatics, modeling and simulation, environment restoration, environment and energy, information and its influence on environment, computer and ecoinformatics, biotechnology and biofuel, as well as biosensors and bioreactor.