Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 48,49 MB
Release : 2010
Category : Health planning
ISBN :
Author : Fabio Scano
Publisher :
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 15,61 MB
Release : 2009
Category :
ISBN : 9789241598323
This document is an evidence-based policy for the implementation of sound tuberculosis (TB) infection control by all stakeholders. The evidence base for the policy was established through a systematic literature review. The review highlighted some areas where evidence supports interventions that add value to TB infection control. A number of recommendations were developed, based on this evidence and on additional factors, such as feasibility, programmatic implementation and anticipated cost.
Author : King K. Holmes
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 1027 pages
File Size : 35,41 MB
Release : 2017-11-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1464805253
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 45,87 MB
Release : 2022-08-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9240055886
One of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the period 2015-2030 is to end the global TB epidemic. In line with this target, the WHO End TB Strategy, approved by the World Health Assembly in 2014, calls for a 90% reduction in TB deaths and an 80% decrease in the TB incidence rate by 2030. The strategy emphasizes the need for prevention across all approaches, including infection prevention and control (IPC) in health care services and other settings where the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission is high. IPC practices are vital to reduce the risk of M. tuberculosis transmission, by reducing the concentration of infectious droplet nuclei in the air and the exposure of susceptible individuals to such aerosols. Initial WHO recommendations on TB IPC focused primarily on decreasing the risk of transmission in health care facilities in resource-limited settings.17,18 These initial recommendations were then expanded in 2009 to provide further guidance on the use of specific measures for health care facilities, congregate settings and households. After the 2009 guidelines had been in effect for almost 10 years, the need for an update was anticipated, to provide a revised evidence assessment, reinforcing earlier recommendations and linking to core components of effective IPC programmes overall. The present updated guidelines also stress the importance of implementing IPC measures in a systematic and objective way that prioritizes consideration of the hierarchy of IPC controls.
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 31,37 MB
Release : 2023-08-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9240078150
Infection prevention and control activities are amongst the key components envisaged by the End TB Strategy to curb the tuberculosis (TB) burden worldwide. This handbook provides practical advice on how to implement the WHO recommendations on TB infection prevention and control within the clinical and programmatic management of TB, using a public health approach. The guidance emphasizes the importance of building integrated, well-coordinated, multisectoral actions across all levels of health care and other settings where there is a high risk of M. tuberculosis transmission. It shares best practices and experiences and provides checklists and job aids to support the implementation and monitoring of actions to cut transmissions, and promotes an implementation hierarchy of interventions across all settings as an integrated package. The target audience for the handbook includes policy-makers at national and subnational level; programme managers for TB, HIV and noncommunicable disease programmes; managers and clinicians at inpatient and outpatient health care facilities; managers at various congregate settings; occupational health officials; engineers; medical practitioners; frontline health care workers; and other key stakeholders in the public and private sectors.
Author : A. D. Harries
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 19,73 MB
Release : 2004
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9241546344
This manual is designed for health professionals working in high HIV and TB prevalence countries. It summarises the characteristics of both diseases and their interactions. It concentrates particularly on the problems of diagnosis and management both in adults and children and summarises the other HIV related illnesses the clinician might encounter.
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 15,94 MB
Release : 2022-04-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 924004812X
Between 2011 and 2019, WHO has developed and issued evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB. These policy recommendations have been presented in several WHO documents and their associated annexes, including the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment, issued by WHO in March 2019. The policy recommendations in each of these guidelines have been developed by WHO-convened Guideline Development Groups, using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach to summarize the evidence, and formulate policy recommendations and accompanying remarks. The present WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment includes a comprehensive set of WHO recommendations for the treatment and care of DR-TB. The document includes two new recommendations, one on the composition of shorter regimens and one on the use of the BPaL regimen (i.e. bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid). In addition, the consolidated guidelines include existing recommendations on treatment regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB and MDR/RR-TB, including longer regimens, culture monitoring of patients on treatment, the timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in MDR/RR-TB patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the use of surgery for patients receiving MDR-TB treatment, and optimal models of patient support and care. The guidelines are to be used primarily in national TB programmes, or their equivalents in Ministries of Health, and for other policy-makers and technical organizations working on TB and infectious diseases in public and private sectors and in the community.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 16,53 MB
Release : 2000-08-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309171946
Tuberculosis emerged as an epidemic in the 1600s, began to decline as sanitation improved in the 19th century, and retreated further when effective therapy was developed in the 1950s. TB was virtually forgotten until a recent resurgence in the U.S. and around the worldâ€"ominously, in forms resistant to commonly used medicines. What must the nation do to eliminate TB? The distinguished committee from the Institute of Medicine offers recommendations in the key areas of epidemiology and prevention, diagnosis and treatment, funding and organization of public initiatives, and the U.S. role worldwide. The panel also focuses on how to mobilize policy makers and the public to effective action. The book provides important background on the pathology of tuberculosis, its history and status in the U.S., and the public and private response. The committee explains how the U.S. can act with both self-interest and humanitarianism in addressing the worldwide incidence of TB.
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 38,34 MB
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9241547588
The emergence of extensively drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis, especially in countries with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, is a serious threat to global public health and jeopardizes efforts to effectively control the disease. This publication offers updated recommendations for the diagnosis and management of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a variety of geographical, economic and social settings, and the recording of data that enables the monitoring and evaluation of programs.--Publisher's description.
Author : Ebbing Lautenbach
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 39,20 MB
Release : 2018-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1107153166
A clear, hands-on outline of best practices for infection prevention that directly improve patient outcomes across the healthcare continuum.
