› › An Examination Of Psychological Distress In Treatment Seeking College Students With Double Minority Status

An Examination of Psychological Distress in Treatment-seeking College Students with Double Minority Status

Author : Kayla Harris

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Page : pages

File Size : 33,59 MB

Release : 2017

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Evidence suggests that members of divergent cultural minority groups often experience disproportionate amounts of psychological distress as compared to the general white population. The double jeopardy hypothesis posits that as a result of occupying two marginalized statuses, the combined effects of racial/ethnic and sexual minority group memberships lead to greater negative consequences than occupying one status independently (Greene, 1994). Minority stress theory is a theoretical framework that can be used to understand the accumulative distress experienced as a double minority. However, minority stress has not been thoroughly researched with the treatment-seeking college student population. Many colleges and universities have reported significant increases in students utilization of counseling services (Byrd & McKinney, 2012), the severity of symptoms (Drum, Brownson, Denmark, & Smith, 2009) and the length of treatment (Tosevski, Milovancevic, & Gajic, 2010). Furthermore, the difficulty of transitioning to college and navigating the self-exploration process may evoke even more distress for questioning-identified students of color because of the complexity associated with negotiating the multiple aspects of their identity. Though, while evidence suggests that this population is at increased risk of negative psychological outcomes, there is limited to no research on this plight. Additionally, the research has not begun to examine the absence of a proximal stressor, such as social support, which might effectively buffer the psychological distress experienced by this population. The current research addressed the following research questions: (1) Do racial/ethnic minority students experience more distress than white students? (2) Do sexual minority students (LGBQ) experience more distress than heterosexual students? (3) Do those with a double minority identity experience more distress than those with a single minority identity? (4) How does the stability of ones sexual identity influence the amount of distress experienced? (5) Is the relationship between social support and psychological distress moderated by ones questioning status? (6) For double minorities, is the relationship between social support and distress moderated by ones questioning status? Results indicated that racial/ethnic minorities and sexual minorities evidenced more overall distress. Most findings evidenced small to moderate effects. Further, support for double minority stress was mixed. Double minorities did not evidence more distress than non-double minorities in most cases. Future research should develop more nuanced methodologies for examining treatment-seeking double minority college students.



Distress and Therapeutic Outcomes for Black College Students with Psychiatric Disabilities

Author : Kyesha Isadore

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Page : 0 pages

File Size : 11,97 MB

Release : 2022

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Black college students with disabilities experience unique challenges in college which are exacerbated by the need to navigate systemic racism and ableism in higher education. Students with disabilities and Black students have been found to have increased levels of distress compared to their peers. However, regarding seeking support for distress, Black students are less likely to seek services, and students who do seek services are more likely to drop out or have poorer outcomes. The purpose of this research study was to examine the effectiveness of counseling on therapeutic outcomes of psychological and academic distress for treatment-seeking Black college students with psychiatric and non-psychiatric disabilities in college counseling centers. Undergirded by QuantCrit and Pearlin's theory of psychological distress, this study measured outcomes of distress between Black and white students, between students with and without disabilities, and among students on the margins of both race/ethnicity and disability to understand the effectiveness of counseling for Black students with psychiatric and non-psychiatric disabilities. The sample consisted of Black and white college students who sought counseling services at colleges and universities between 2015-2019 at a Center for Collegiate Mental Health affiliate institution. These clients completed the CCMH Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms (CCAPS) and the Standardized Data Set (SDS) measures. Findings revealed that over the course of counseling, all clients experienced significant reductions in overall distress. Black clients experienced a faster reduction in symptoms compared to white clients, and Black clients with psychiatric disabilities indicated lower levels of psychological distress compared to white clients with psychiatric disabilities at the end of treatment. Further differences among Black and white clients with and without disabilities for initial distress, rates of change over the course of counseling, and final distress are reported. Implications for theory, practice, and research are discussed.



Black Scholars Matter

Author : Dasha M. Highsmith

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Page : 0 pages

File Size : 24,30 MB

Release : 2022

Category : Counseling psychology

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Researchers have reported an overall shortage of Black behavioral health practitioners in the workforce (West and Schoenthaler, 2017). This shortage is problematic because Black and African American people seeking behavioral health services often, at least initially, prefer a same-race practitioner (Swift and others, 2015). Additionally, there is evidence that treatment duration increases (Ratts and others, 2016) and therapeutic outcomes improve (Swift and others, 2015) when there is a racial match between practitioner and client. There are several reasons contributing to this shortage; however, one reason is low retention of racially diverse (e.g. Asian, Black, Latinx) students in graduate training programs (Kaplan and others, 2018; Tinto, 1975; Wu and others, 2020). Major factors involved in retention in graduate school relates to students' college readiness, sense of belonging within the institution, financial instability, and experiences of racial microaggressions (Joseph, 2012). These factors become more prominent when the students are from racial minority backgrounds, indicating a possible connection to Pillerman's minority status stress framework (Pillerman, 1988). This framework identifies a unique set of stressors experienced by individuals whom are members of marginalized racial groups; specifically, Black/African American. Additionally, research also indicates that those students experience psychological distress (e.g., anxiety, depression, stress) over and above their White counterparts as a result of their minoritized status. Mitigating or protective factors that are said to reduce development or maintenance of psychological distress can be racial centrality (id est, race being a significant aspect of identity; Nioplias and others, 2018; Sellers and others, 1997) and attending a historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) (Joseph, 2012). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine associations between minority status stress and psychological distress (id est, anxiety, depression, and stress) among Black students enrolled in behavioral health training graduate programs. Implications from this study will aid administrators and policy makers, at PWIs, in creating a safe and supportive environment for their students of color, which can ultimately impact these students' persistence and degree completion. The results of the present study demonstrated a significant relationship between MSS and psychological distress (Research Question 1), along with the inclusion of racial centrality held constant (Research Question 2). However, the inclusion of school type (PWI, MSI, HBCU) had no effect on the degree to which MSS and psychological distress were correlated (Research Question 3). Keywords: minority status stress, psychological distress, HBCU, PWI







Mental Health of Ethnic Minorities

Author : Felicisima C. Serafica

Publisher : Praeger

Page : 368 pages

File Size : 12,4 MB

Release : 1990-12-07

Category : Psychology

ISBN :

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Book Description

Based on a conference held at Ohio State University, this volume focuses on the unique mental health needs of ethnic minorities. Four sections cover psychopathology; advances in assessment; advances in treatment; the current state of knowledge including university, professional, and government roles. Each section presents an introduction to its theme as well as three papers. The papers individually relate the section theme to three ethnic groups: Black, Hispanic, and Asian Americans. Distinguished by its developmental as well as clinical orientation, this graduate level textbook is also an excellent reference for professionals in the fields of mental health, social work, education, and medicine. The field of Minority Mental Health promises to produce research which will promote the welfare of ethnic minorities and contribute to the understanding of nonminorities. Toward this goal, the editors and contributors of Mental Health of Ethnic Minorities review the current state of knowledge as it relates to mental health problems, assessment, and treatment. They suggest new directions for research. They also provide a vehicle to disseminate research findings to the service provider, professional training programs, and the graduate student.



Minority Mental Health

Author : Enrico E. Jones

Publisher : Praeger Publishers

Page : 424 pages

File Size : 37,14 MB

Release : 1982

Category : Mental health

ISBN :

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Practice-Oriented Research in Psychotherapy

Author : Louis Castonguay

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 203 pages

File Size : 36,56 MB

Release : 2017-10-02

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1317288521

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Book Description

The wide gap between science and practice in psychotherapy is due in part to the one-way direction that has mostly defined the connection between researchers and clinicians, with researchers generating empirical knowledge with the hope that practitioners will implement it in their working environment. This traditional approach has not been optimal in addressing the day-to-day concerns of clinicians, or in providing easily generalizable practice guidelines in clinical routine. This book offers an alternative approach to psychotherapy research, based on a partnership between clinicians and researchers in different aspects of the decision, design, implementation, and dissemination of studies conducted in day-to-day practice. More specifically, it describes how to conduct practice-oriented research (POR) by presenting studies and lessons learned (in terms of obstacles faced, strategies used to overcome problems, benefits earned, and general recommendations) by eleven groups of who have been involved in POR in different settings around the world. The book provides tools to help clinicians be active participants in conducting clinically relevant studies, and set the agenda for future research. It seeks to foster collaboration between researchers and practitioners, generating knowledge that can improve our understanding of the process of change and the impact of psychotherapy. This book was originally published as a special issue of Psychotherapy Research.



Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 171 pages

File Size : 19,48 MB

Release : 2016-09-03

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 0309439124

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Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.



Determinants of Mental Health in the Context of Multiple Minority Status

Author : Dana Saifan

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Page : 0 pages

File Size : 37,85 MB

Release : 2022

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Mental health research among individuals belonging to minority groups has become increasingly common, as it is recognized that such individuals face heightened vulnerability for the development of mental health problems and barriers to accessing mental health services given their minority status (Meyer, 2003; Williams & Chapman, 2011). However, the extant literature has primarily focused on individuals holding single minority status (i.e., belonging to one minority group), namely based on a minority ethnic identity or minority sexual identity. Limited research has begun to examine mental health among individuals with dual minority status (i.e., belonging to two minority groups), despite the fact that individuals with multiple marginalized identities are likely at even greater risk for psychopathology and barriers to help-seeking, given the increased experiences of minority stress they may experience. Thus, greater research is needed to better understand mental health needs and factors that influence mental health for individuals with multiple minority status. The goal of this dissertation is to investigate mental health needs, determinants of mental health (i.e., perceived discrimination, religious and ethnic group identification, and sense of belonging), and perceived barriers to service-seeking for young adults, in the context of individuals who hold multiple minority identities. To achieve this goal, this dissertation examined Muslim American young adults (ages 18 to 25), who belong to both minority ethnic and minority religious groups. The first study employed a qualitative research design, using focus group methodology, to understand how various community stakeholders (i.e., Muslim mental health professionals, community leaders, and young adults) perceive determinants of mental health, specific mental health needs, and barriers to service-seeking, for Muslim American young adults. The second study utilized a cross-sectional survey of 277 participants across the United States to examine perceived discrimination as a predictor of mental health status among Arab and South Asian Muslim American young adults, with investigation of religious and ethnic identification patterns as a moderator of the discrimination-mental health pathway. Lastly, the third study employed the same cross-sectional survey design as Study 2, to investigate familial, communal, and societal sense of belonging as predictors of Arab and South Asian Muslim American young adults' mental health status. Through better understanding of the mental health needs and barriers to care for this population, we can identify specific targets to further study in order to improve mental health service delivery and prevention efforts for Muslim American young adults.