An Interagency Reform Act


Book Description

Today's rapidly changing security environment differs significantly from that which existed during the Cold War, when national security policies and procedures were driven by the Soviet threat. During that period, the United States Government (USG) focused primarily on containing the Soviet Union and on arms control issues - but not on complex contingency and post-conflict operations. Today's security environment is fraught with much greater uncertainty about potential adversaries, threats, and attacks that face us. These diverse threats that have evolved over the past 25 years have become exceedingly more complex and demanding. In the current environment, the USG must act quickly and decisively with unprecedented integration of all the elements of national power, while garnering greater cooperation among our allies, coalition partners, and nongovernmental agencies. The current national security structure and interagency processes are not adequate to meet these challenges. To overcome resistance to change, agency biases, and cultural differences, we must resist the temptation to adapt minor evolutionary changes rather than the needed revolutionary changes. Many of the problems in the interagency process are similar to those experienced by the Department of Defense (DoD) prior to Congress passing the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986 (GNA). This strategic research paper will first trace the evolution of Dod through the GNA, discuss the evolution of the interagency process, and show how the efforts to improve interagency cooperation during the 1990's have fallen short of expectations. It will then proceed to highlight some current initiatives to improve the interagency process, identify problems with the current structure, and make a recommendation to enact legislation that mandates interagency cooperation similar to the GNA, which mandated jointness among the various services in DoD.




An Interagency Reform Act: Preparing for Post-Conflict Operations in the 21st Century


Book Description

Today's rapidly changing security environment differs significantly from that which existed during the Cold War, when national security policies and procedures were driven by the Soviet threat. During that period, the United States Government (USG) focused primarily on containing the Soviet Union and on arms control issues but not on complex contingency and post-conflict operations. Today's security environment is fraught with much greater uncertainty about potential adversaries, threats, and attacks that face us. These diverse threats that have evolved over the past 25 years have become exceedingly more complex and demanding. In the current environment, the USG must act quickly and decisively with unprecedented integration of all the elements of national power, while garnering greater cooperation among our allies, coalition partners, and nongovernmental agencies. The current national security structure and interagency processes are not adequate to meet these challenges. To overcome resistance to change, agency biases, and cultural differences, we must resist the temptation to adapt minor evolutionary changes rather than the needed revolutionary changes. Many of the problems in the interagency process are similar to those experienced by the Department of Defense (DoD) prior to Congress passing the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986 (GNA). This strategic research paper will first trace the evolution of DoD through the GNA, discuss the evolution of the interagency process, and show how the efforts to improve interagency cooperation during the 1990's have fallen short of expectations. It will then proceed to highlight some current initiatives to improve the interagency process, identify problems with the current structure, and make a recommendation to enact legislation that mandates interagency cooperation similar to the GNA, which mandated jointness among the various services in DoD.




Interagency Reform


Book Description




Mismanaging Mayhem


Book Description

One of the greatest sources of America's troubles in Iraq, Afghanistan, and New Orleans was the inability of our government's many parts to work well together. Often called interagency operations, applying everything that official Washington can do to keep Americans safe, free, and prosperous, is no easy task. The Pentagon, State Department, Homeland Security, Treasury, FBI, CIA, and other agencies have different capabilities, budgets, cultures, operational styles, Congressional oversight committees, and even operate under different laws. Getting them all organized on battlefields, after disasters, and during other times of crisis is often equated with herding cats. The history of getting government agencies to cooperate is replete with stories of courage, heart-breaking tragedy, and blundering incompetence. To meet the dangers of the 21st century, interagency operations will be more important than ever, yet few Americans understand the troubling history of Washington's failures and the pressing needs for reform. One of the greatest sources of America's troubles in Iraq, Afghanistan, and New Orleans was the inability of our government's many parts to work well together. Often called interagency operations, the coordination of everything official Washington can do to keep Americans safe, free, and prosperous, is no easy task. The Pentagon, State Department, Homeland Security, Treasury, FBI, CIA, and other agencies have different capabilities, budgets, cultures, operational styles, Congressional oversight committees, and even operate under different laws. Getting them all organized on battlefields, after disasters, and during other times of crisis is often equated with herding cats. The history of getting government agencies to cooperate is replete with stories of courage, heart-breaking tragedy, and blundering incompetence. To meet the dangers of the 21st century, interagency operations will be more important than ever, yet few Americans understand the troubling history of Washington's failures and the pressing needs for reform. This book is the first comprehensive history and sober analysis of one of the most pressing national security challenges of the century. The goal is to make a serious and unappreciated subject accessible to a wide audience through a series of engaging and informative historical case studies. The case studies span American history from the turn of the 20th century to today. They cover a variety of subjects from dealing with the great flu epidemic of 1918, to responding to natural disasters at home and abroad, to fighting wars and rebuilding countries after war. Each engaging chapter is a single case study written by a distinguished scholar who covers the historical context, the key players, actions, incidents, and, perhaps most important, lessons learned.




Interagency Reform for the 21st Century


Book Description

This paper assesses the need for reform of the interagency organization and processes. Like Joint Task Forces interagency organizations are often assembled ad hoc after a crisis has occurred and are initially ineffective in their forming and storming stages. For example conflicting cultures and interests of interagency members inhibit effectiveness. Current post- conflict nation building and reconstruction efforts under Defense Department lead have suffered due to lack of planning and expertise with non-DOD entities with specific expertise sometimes excluded from the process. Following the military mantra of "train as you fight," full-time interagency bodies should be formed and regionally focused. The benefits of such a structure would include unity of effort, unity of command, and the ability to more effectively prioritize and allocate regional resources in support of national interests.




The Interagency and Counterinsurgency Warfare


Book Description

For decades since the formation of the defense establishment under the 1947 National Security Act, all U.S. cabinet departments, national security agencies, and military services involved in providing for the common defense have struggled to overcome differences in policy and strategy formulation, organizational cultures, and even basic terminology. Post-September 11, 2001, international systems, security environments, U.S. military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the greater Global War on Terrorism have confronted civilian policymakers and senior military officers with a complex, fluid battlefield which demands kinetic and counterinsurgency capabilities. This monograph addresses the security, stability, transition, and reconstruction missions that place the most pressure on interagency communication and coordination. The results from Kabul to Baghdad reveal that the interagency process is in need of reform and that a more robust effort to integrate and align civilian and military elements is a prerequisite for success.




Reconstructing Iraq


Book Description




Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction


Book Description

Claude Chabrol's second film follows the fortunes of two cousins: Charles, a hard-working student who has arrived in Paris from his small hometown; and Paul, the dedicated hedonist who puts him up. Despite their differences in temperament, the two young men strike up a close friendship, until an attractive woman comes between them.







Improving Capacity for Stabilization and Reconstruction Operations


Book Description

U.S. experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan have demonstrated that improving U.S. capacity for stabilization and reconstruction operations is critical to national security. To help craft a way ahead, the authors provide an overview of the requirements posed by stabilization and reconstruction operations and recommend ways to improve U.S. capacity to meet these needs.