Ascaris


Book Description

This book tackles a number of different perspectives concerning the parasitic helminth Ascaris, both in animals and in humans and the disease known as ascariasis. It seeks to identify interesting, exciting and novel aspects, which will interest readers from a broad range of disciplines.Over a quarter of the world's population are infected with the human roundworm, and the equivalent in pigs is equally ubiquitous. Both contribute to insidious and chronic nutritional morbidity, and this has been quantified, in humans, as disability adjusted life years approximating 10.5 million. Ascaris larvae develop in host parenteral tissues, and the resultant pathology has been condemnation. Ascariasis, despite its staggering global prevalence and the sheer numbers of people it infects, remains a classic neglected disease. However, renewed interest in the consequences of early infection with worms from the perspective of immune modulation, co-infections and the development of allergy further enhances the relevance of these parasites. Brings together a wide range of topics and approaches and recent, comprehensive and progressive research concerning the neglected parasite Ascaris Provides a blueprint of how a single parasite entity can stimulate interest in basic biology, clinical science, veterinary science, public health and epidemiology Presents a wealth of new insights given that a book on this parasite has not been published for over 20 years 16 chapters from a range of top authors from around the world




The Geohelminths


Book Description

The soil-transmitted nematode parasites, or geohelminths, are - called because they have a direct life cycle, which involves no intermediate hosts or vectors, and are transmitted by faecal contamination of soil, foodstuffs and water supplies. They all inhabit the intestine in their adult stages but most species also have tissue-migratoryjuvenile stages, so the disease manifestations they cause can therefore be both local and systemic. The geohelminths together present an enormous infection burden on humanity. Those which cause the most disease in humans are divided into three main groupings, Ascaris lumbricoides (the large roundworm), Trichuris trichiura (whipworm), and the blood-feeding hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus ), and this book concentrates on these. These intestinal parasites are highly prevalent worldwide, A. lumbricoides is estimated to infect 1471 million (over a quarter ofthe world’s population), hookworms 1277 million, and T. trichiura 1049 million. The highly pathogenic Strongyloides species might also be classified as geohelminths, but they are not dealt with here because the understanding of their epidemiology, immunology and genetics has not advanced as rapidly as for the others. This is primarily because of the often covert nature of the infections, with consequent difficulties for analysis. If there is ever a second edition of this book, then there will hopefully be much to say about this infection.




Internal Medicine


Book Description

This very well-received book, now in its second edition, equips the radiologist with the information needed in order to diagnose internal medicine disorders and their complications from the radiological perspective. It offers an easy-to-consult tool that documents the most common and most important radiological signs of a wide range of diseases, across diverse specialties, with the aid of an excellent gallery of images and illustrations. Compared with the first edition, numerous additions and updates have been made, with coverage of additional disorders and inclusion of many new images. Entirely new chapters focus on occupational medicine and toxicology imaging, chiropractic medicine, and energy and quantum medicine. Internal Medicine – An Illustrated Radiological Guide puts the radiologist in the internal medicine physician’s shoes. It teaches radiologists how to think in terms of disease progression and complications, explains where to look for and to image these complications, and identifies the best modalities for reaching a diagnosis. It will also benefit internal medicine physicians by clarifying the help that radiology can offer them and assisting in the choice of investigation for diagnostic confirmation.




A Counter-History of Crime Fiction


Book Description

This book takes a look at the evolution of crime fiction. Considering 'criminography' as a system of inter-related sub-genres, it explores the connections between modes of literature such as revenge tragedies, the gothic and anarchist fiction, while taking into account the influence of pseudo-sciences such as mesmerism and criminal anthropology.




Encyclopedic Reference of Parasitology


Book Description

This second edition provides a comprehensive review of the facts and trends in veterinarian and human parasitology. Several internationally renowned specialists have been added to the authors of the first edition, and the whole is now organised in an encyclopedic arrangement of comprehensive keywords, thus speeding up the search for information.




Tropical Diseases in Travelers


Book Description

Covering all the major tropical diseases that present a health riskto travelers, this book is an invaluable resource for allpractitioners who encounter the post travel patient. With emphasison clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment, it is the first book tosummarize the knowledge of post travel presentations in theotherwise non-immune and non-endemic population and will aidclinicians to evaluate travelers’ symptoms. The book is divided into three parts. The first is an overviewof key aspects of travel medicine; the second contains a detaileddiscussion of multiple viral, bacterial and parasitic infections.The third part provides a syndromic approach to patients withcommon travel complaints such as diarrhea, fever and respiratoryinfections. It also includes useful appendices with lists ofanti-parasitic drugs and available diagnostic tests.




ABC of Pediatric Surgical Imaging


Book Description

This handbook is intended for doctors working in this ? eld. It belongs to the pocket of a student, house of? cer, resident, medical of? cer or generalist consultant, who will ? rst see the patient. The clinician needs to suspect at least one disease process as a starting point, because the book is ordered alphabetically according to diagnoses. From this point there are both surgical and imaging differential diagnoses listed. These can also be looked at within the book. For the clinician there is a dedicated page to assist with clinical symptoms and signs, alternative diagnoses and urgency of the radiological investigation, based on important information that is needed from imaging. With regard to imaging, there is a list of primary, follow-on and alternative investi- tions appropriate for the suspected diagnosis. There are lists of imaging features with s- porting images, tips and radiological differential diagnoses. The alphabetic organization makes for a jump to the next suspected diagnosis with ease to ? nd something more suitable for the current patient’s needs.




Uveitis


Book Description

Focusing solely on uveitis care, this quick reference guide will provide a compiled and easy to navigate differential diagnosis – making an often daunting task for clinicians easier, quicker, and more accurate by using a concise outline format to list the most critical aspects of a disease entity. Uveitis: A Quick Guide to Essential Diagnosis opens with a Diagnosis Flowchart, so that the reader can select the most probable diagnoses based on patient’s history and exam. From there the reader can then quickly turn to the corresponding chapter to learn about the most critical aspects of the disease entity: epidemiology, characteristic exam and imaging findings, prognostic factors, and treatment options. This book is written for ophthalmic care providers including general ophthalmologists, subspecialists, fellows, residents and optometrists and features research and contributions from institutions that are global leaders in uveitis care.




Water and Sanitation-Related Diseases and the Changing Environment


Book Description

The revised and updated second edition of Water and Sanitation Related Diseases and the Changing Environment offers an interdisciplinary guide to the conditions responsible for water and sanitation related diseases. The authors discuss the pathogens, vectors, and their biology, morbidity and mortality that result from a lack of safe water and sanitation. The text also explores the distribution of these diseases and the conditions that must be met to reduce or eradicate them. The text includes contributions from authorities from the fields of climate change, epidemiology, environmental health, environmental engineering, global health, medicine, medical anthropology, nutrition, population, and public health. Covers the causes of individual diseases with basic information about the diseases and data on the distribution, prevalence, and incidence as well as interconnected factors such as environmental factors. The authors cover access to and maintenance of clean water, and guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta, and grey water, plus examples of solutions. Written for students, and professionals in infectious disease, public health and medicine, chemical and environmental engineering, and international affairs, the second edition of Water and Sanitation Related Diseases and the Changing Environment isa comprehensive resource to the conditions responsible for water and sanitation related diseases.




Ascaris: The Neglected Parasite


Book Description

Ascariasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) affecting 763 million people worldwide, with nutritional and developmental consequences of chronic childhood infection and severe clinical disease occurring in heavy infections. Reliably estimating the extent of the problem of Ascaris lumbricoides and ascariasis is difficult because of inaccuracies in parasitological diagnosis, the non-specificity of clinical signs, and a paucity of reliable and accurate data. As a consequence, estimating the global distribution and disease burden has been based on informed approximations, using the best available information. This chapter provides an overview of past and current estimates of the global population at risk of and infected with A. lumbricoides. The regional and global burden of ascariasis is estimated by extrapolation from data on the prevalence of infection and a series of epidemiological methods. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study uses disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) to measure disease burden, based on an assessment of premature mortality and years lived with disability. The data and methods used to estimate the disease burden of ascariasis in the 1990 GBD study and the 2010 study are compared. Globally, intestinal nematodes are estimated to contribute 5.184 million DALYs in 2010, with ascariasis contributing 1.3148 million, trichuriasis 0.6382 million, and hookworm 3.2311 million. The 2010 study provides estimates for both 1990 and 2010, and these findings indicated that the burden of ascariasis in 2010 is much lower than in 1990, where ascariasis contributed 4.2173 billion DALYs. The use of DALYs to estimate the burden of ascariasis is not without its limitations, however, and fails to capture the broader societal impact of ascariasis and other NTDs or that they disapportionally affect the poorest populations.