Boron Separation Processes


Book Description

The impending crisis posed by water stress and poor sanitation represents one of greatest human challenges for the 21st century, and membrane technology has emerged as a serious contender to confront the crisis. Yet, whilst there are countless texts on wastewater treatment and on membrane technologies, none address the boron problem and separation processes for boron elimination. Boron Separation Processes fills this gap and provides a unique and single source that highlights the growing and competitive importance of these processes. For the first time, the reader is able to see in one reference work the state-of-the-art research in this rapidly growing field. The book focuses on four main areas: - Effect of boron on humans and plants - Separation of boron by ion exchange and adsorption processes - Separation of boron by membrane processes - Simulation and optimization studies for boron separation - Provides in one source a state-of-the-art overview of this compelling area - Reviews the environmental impact of boron before introducing emerging boron separation processes - Includes simulation and optimization studies for boron separation processes - Describes boron separation processes applicable to specific sources, such as seawater, geothermal water and wastewater




Geothermal Water Management


Book Description

Availability of and adequate accessibility to freshwater and energy are two key technological and scientific problems of global significance. At the end of the 20th century, the deficit of water for human consumption and economic application forced us to focus on rational use of resources. Increasing the use of renewable energy sources and improving energy efficiency is a challenge for the 21st century. Geothermal energy is heat energy generated and stored in the Earth, accumulated in hydrothermal systems or in dry rocks within the Earth’s crust, in amounts which constitute the energy resources. The sustainable management of geothermal energy resources should be geared towards optimization of energy recovery, but also towards rational management of water resources since geothermal water serves both as energy carrier and also as valuable raw material. Geothermal waters, depending on their hydrogeothermal characteristics, the lithology of the rocks involved, the depth at which the resources occur and the sources of water supply, may be characterized by very diverse physicochemical parameters. This factor largely determines the technology to be used in their exploitation and the way the geothermal water can be used. This book is focused on the effective use of geothermal water and renewable energy for future needs in order to promote modern, sustainable and effective management of water resources. The research field includes crucial new areas of study: • an improvement in the management of freshwater resources through the use of residual geothermal water; • a review of the technologies available in the field of geothermal water treatment for its (re)use for energetic purposes and freshwater production, and • the development of balneotherapy. The book is aimed at professionals, academics and decision makers worldwide, water sector representatives and administrators, business enterprises specializing in renewable energy management and water treatment, working in the areas of geothermal energy usage, water resources, water supply and energy planning. This book has the potential to become a standard text used by educational institutions and research & development establishments involved in the geothermal water management.




Physical and Chemical Separation in Water and Wastewater Treatment


Book Description

Based upon half a century of research by the authors, Physical and Chemical Separation in Water and Wastewater Treatment addresses the whole water cycle spectrum, from global hydrological cycle, urban-regional metabolic cycle to individual living and production cycle, with respect to quality control technology based on fundamental science and theories. For every treatment process, basic scientific and environmental physical and chemical natures are explained with respect to those of water and its impurities. Health danger and risks for human beings are also covered. The authors define water qualities on a “Water Quality Matrix” composed of 35 elements. The vertical axis (row), has individual 7digit impurity size from 10-10m (water molecule 3?) to 10-3m (0.1mm sand grains) and in the horizontal axis(column) there are 5 categories of surrogate chemical and biochemical quality indices. The same 35 element matrix is used to correspond with several typical water quality treatments, unit-operation/unit-process, with a suitable characteristic grouping of the elements. The authors then present “the Water Quality Conversion Matrix” or “Water Quality Treatment Matrix”. With respect to typical treatment processes, the basic concept and scientific background are explained and the background of the technologies is clarified. Mechanisms of the process are explained and a kinetic process is formulated. The kinetics are experimentally verified quantitatively with important equilibrium and rate constants. Based on the authors’ research, various new treatment technologies are proposed with high efficiency, high capacity and less energy, and with steady operation ability. This comprehensive reference book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students, and also serves as a guide book for practical engineers and industry and university researchers.




Mass Transfer and Separation Processes


Book Description

Mass transfer along with separation processes is an area that is often quite challenging to master, as most volumes currently available complicate the learning by teaching mass transfer linked with heat transfer, rather than focusing on more relevant techniques. With this thoroughly updated second edition, Mass Transfer and Separation Processes: Pr




Membrane Technologies for Heavy Metal Removal from Water


Book Description

This book offers lucid treatment of fundamental concepts related to potential applications and prospects of different membranes for wastewater decontamination by removing heavy metals. Divided into four sections, it provides an overview of different sources of water contamination, their impacts on human health and the environment, and compares traditional methods used to nullify these impacts. Further, it covers different mature membrane technologies such as polymeric membranes, poly-ceramic membranes, carbon-based membranes and many more, followed by pertinent case studies. Features: Focuses on the removal of heavy metals using membrane-based technologies. Discusses pertinent criteria to select suitable membranes. Includes feasibility studies and applications of different mature and emerging membranes. Describes heavy metals' occurrence and transport in an aqueous system with an overview of the adverse effects. Reviews challenges and opportunities associated with using different membranes. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in materials science, water engineering and wastewater treatment.










Green Adsorbents to Remove Metals, Dyes and Boron from Polluted Water


Book Description

This book reviews adsorption techniques to clean wastewater, with focus on pollution by dyes and heavy metals. Advanced adsorbents include carbon nanomaterials, biomass, cellulose, polymers, clay, composites and chelating materials.




8th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing


Book Description

This collection features contributions covering the advances and developments of new high-temperature metallurgical technologies and their applications to the areas of: processing of minerals; extraction of metals; preparation of metallic, refractory, and ceramic materials; treatment and recycling of slag and wastes; conservation of energy; and environmental protection. The volume will have a broad impact on the academics and professionals serving the metallurgical industries around the world by providing them with comprehensive coverage of a wide variety of topics.




Minerals Yearbook


Book Description