Business Guide to Trade Remedies in the European Community


Book Description

This publication is part of a series of guides containing information on trade remedy procedures (anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguards legislation and procedures) aimed at business managers, importers and exporters from developing countries and transition economies. It focuses on the European Community, the largest market for many developing countries and transition economies and a frequent user of trade remedy measures. It highlights legal practice and the appropriate provisions of the relevant WTO Agreements. Topics covered include: the use of trade remedies; procedural aspects of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy investigations; and emergency action against imports safeguards.







Business Guide to Trade Remedies in Brazil


Book Description

"[The publication] provides a description of the WTO Agreements related to trade remedies; provides an overview of the procedural aspects of anti-dumping and countervailing investigations in Brazil; outlines elements involved in anti-dumping and countervailing investigations, as established by the Brazilian anti-dumping and subsidies and countervailing measures laws; reviews safeguard measures in Brazil, covering both substantive and procedural aspects; appendices contain overviews of anti-dumping and safeguard investigations; and decrees regulating the administrative procedures regarding the imposition of countervailing and anti-dumping measures."--T.p. verso.







TDI Guide for EU Exporters


Book Description

With the increasing globalization of trade, companies doing business abroad, need to take into account their obligation to comply with international trade rules. This is not always an easy task. Although the general tendency nowadays is to remove obstacles to trade, the international trading system allows countries to introduce restrictive measures in order to address very specific circumstances. These measures are called trade remedies or trade defence instruments, and they are permitted only under strict conditions. There are three Trade Defence Instruments (TDI): the antidumping instrument, the antisubsidy instrument and the safeguard instrument. While the first two instruments act against unfair trade practices in cases where imports are made under conditions that are actionable under the rules of international trade, the objective of the latter is to give an industry in the importing country time to adjust to a significant increase of imports. If your competitors in foreign markets claim that you are either dumping your exports on their market, that your exports are subsidised or that they have to face a significant increase of imports which is harmful for their business, they can ask their national authorities to introduce trade defence measures in order to remedy the situation. This may in turn have an impact on your situation as you may be subject to a time-consuming investigation carried out by the national authorities of the importing country and possibly have to face measures (in the form of additional duties or quotas) on your future exports to that country. This guide will help to better understand the main concepts of trade defence and will give advice on how to deal with trade defence investigations.







EU Anti-Dumping and Other Trade Defence Instruments


Book Description

European trade defence law has expanded sufficiently in the last few years to require a new edition of this definitive work, last revised in 2004. As trade law practitioners and scholars have come to expect from the Brussels law firm Van Bael & Bellis, the fifth edition provides comprehensive, up-to-date analysis and critical commentary on EU trade defence instruments dealing with anti-dumping measures, countervailing measures, and safeguard measures, as well as measures under the Trade Barriers Regulation. It gives detailed attention to all EU cases and other developments at WTO level that have occurred up to December 2010. The emphasis throughout is on practical application of the rules. The authors cover every issue likely to arise in any trade defence matter, including all of the following and more: determining the dumping and injury margins; determining the subsidy margin; determining the causal link between dumping or subsidy and injury; determining if 'Union interest’ calls for intervention; differences between anti-dumping and anti-subsidy legislation; procedural rules applicable to complaints, initiation of proceedings, investigations, protective measures, reviews, and refunds; conditions for accepting an undertaking; measures that may be taken to prevent ‘circumvention’ of anti-dumping measures; rules for the determination of permissible adjustments; rules governing the standing of various interested parties before the European Courts; rules and procedure applicable to non-market economy countries; special rules on products originating in a developing country; allocation and administration of quantitative quotas; surveillance measures; and whether and to what extent safeguard measures are subject to judicial review. For each of the four major categories of trade defence instruments, chapters deal with the substantive rules of the trade defence instruments concerned, the relief that may be ordered under these instruments, and the procedural provisions. The important changes in the EU decision-making process for trade defence cases to be introduced in March 2011 are taken fully into account. An extensive battery of tables and annexes leads the practitioner to all the essential primary source material in the field. As a detailed and practical commentary on the international trade legislation of the Union as actually applied by the Union Institutions, this is the preeminent work in the field. Lawyers and academics involved with trade contracts or disputes need have no doubt that it is still without peer as a guide to EU trade defence instruments.







International Trade


Book Description

"In all countries, there are laws and regulations affecting private economic activity. They are necessary to enable private economic activity to thrive, as well as to provide for honesty in information), consumer protection, and much more. Laws and regulations, such as safety standards, quality grades, and health and food (phytosanitary) standards generally apply to much economic activity within a country. In very primitive societies when farming or hunting was almost all economic activity, such measures were much less necessary. But as exchanges and trading increased, the need to find ways to support transactions became essential in order to enable parties to agree on even such things as simple weights and measures. Until there was a commercial code (legal framework), most businesses were owned primarily by family members who could trust each other. The commercial codes covered such phenomena as penalties against breach of contract, standards and assurances as to the quality and ingredients of goods being contracted, and penalties for their infringement, and so on. Note that even a rudimentary contract would likely have needed an understanding as to weights and measures, definition of materials, and much more"--




Business Guide to Trade Remedies in Canada


Book Description

This publication examines the Canadian trade remedy system, providing an overview of the world trading environment and the WTO trade remedy system. It examines Canada's anti-dumping and countervailing measures systems and the information that must be supplied by exporters to the Canadian authorities, as well as the factors taken into account in making dumping and subsidy calculations. Other topics covered include: the Canadian International Trade Tribunal (CITT) injury decision-making process; temporary emergency measures available to Canadian producers faced with a surge in low-priced imports; information on Canadian law, procedures and the role of the CITT in considering safeguard measures.