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Can Future Living Economic Environment Influences Our Lives

Author : Johnny Ch Lok

Publisher :

Page : 468 pages

File Size : 16,14 MB

Release : 2019-11-27

Category :

ISBN : 9781712308745

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⦁The influence of socio - economic factors on crime Therefore, one should ask a question whether in fact the economic situation shapes the level of crime rate . While being under constant modifications and transformations, society will never stay unchanged. Changes in the number, gender, age structure, migration (demographic changes) also have their mutual influence related to the economy, system of power, education, health protection, religion, and crime. Poor economic situation may translate into crime by an increase in unemployment. It should be noted that unemployment, naturally connected with the economy may have a different dimension. We distinguish between the structural, cyclical, long-term, and frictional unemployment. Because of the social and demographic factors, such as gender, age or education level of people affected by the unemployment, there may be various relationships and impact on criminal activity.An analysis of police statistics shows that the highest intensity of crime occurs among unemployed people who are under thirty years of age . If an individual is affected by long-term unemployment, he or she starts to be affected by the consequences of such a situation, namely a sense of exclusion, injustice, and finally the lack of hope of finding a legitimate source of income . The analysis shows that unemployment brings on crime against property rather than violence . However, it should be noted that the increase in unemployment in various ways may affect particular social groups by increasing or decreasing their criminal activity. At this point one should outline four specific relationships between unemployment and crime as below: - Some offenders combine their legal professional work with criminal activity. Legal business is treated as a camouflage for illegal operation. In this case, the development of unemployment may reduce the "gray zone" business, as the legal work, in this case, gives a sense of security for conducting criminal activity.- There is a number of crimes, possible to be committed only during conducting activities while being legally employed, for example: "handing over bribes to officials", "employee theft". In those situations the growth of unemployment will inhibit the number of crimes of the above mentioned type, rather than increase them.



Future Living Economic Environment Influences Our Lives

Author : Johnny Ch LOK

Publisher :

Page : 467 pages

File Size : 41,54 MB

Release : 2019-11-27

Category :

ISBN : 9781712287194

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How investment invention and scientific discovery influences our future living economic developmentON the second living economic environment influence aspect, I shall indiate our invention and scientific discovery will be one important factor influences our future living model has much changed to be improved better. I shall explain how it brings our living economic environment changes as below:Orthodox growth theories regard scientific disvoery of invention as the ultimate determinants of therate of growth of productivity. Investment is merely required to match the pace of scientific advance or invention. However, Schmookler has provided evidence for the conclusion that the rate of invention is determined by the rate of investment. IN fact, inventions are best regarded as a form of investment, and their volume depends, in like manner, on their expected profitability. Investment opportunities are recreated by unlimiting attempting investment. There is no evidence that inventive opportunities in a particular field become exhausted for technical reasons, although they may do so for economic reasons.Investion may not be succession, but there is a high probabilities that prior circumstances will bring them about , as the existence of near-simultaneous discoveries by different people show. Learning from prior experience is important not just in scientific or engineering matters, but in other fields such as business and social organization. So, the improvement of scientific advance can thus be neglected in constructing a theory of economy growth, at least at the beginning. Research and development can be achieved with other forms of investment and not considered separately at this stage.So, it brings this question: How can the relation between investment, invention and scientific discovery bring economic growth to improve our living standard in possible? We need to discuss this question is by how we plan to implement the exploitation of scientific disvoereries. According to this view, scientific advance that ultimately determines the rate of growth of productivity. Investment is requireed to match the kind of scientific invention. If it is more than sufficient for that purpose, the rate of scientific invention return will fall, and if it is less, the ra te of return will rise. The productivity possibility frontier, or the production function, shifts outward at a rate determined ultimately by the kind of scientific invention. At alternative view, it is the kind of invention that is the determining factor, with the kind of scientific invention more in the background. BUt is either view, we need to know about the relations between investment, invention and scientific discovery.Furthermore, there is no evidence that any investment chance must be success to achieve any new scientific invention or discoveries. but since human decides to continue without limited learning opportunities. Consequently, instead of scientific discovery and invention being the creators of investment opportunities, investment itself creates them. To understand economic growth, therefore, we need to examine the rate, quality, and determinants of investment. It is a mistake to treat scientific invention and invention as processes that are independent of investment. Any new scientific invention or discovery which are needed human' talent and attributing time and nervous. So, training new scientists and increasing new scientists number will be needed because we need they solve our social problems, e.g. air and ocean water environment pollution, overpopulation causes food shortage and water shortage, land shortage dues to global warming causes global water level is increasing. Any undiscovery scientific products invention, instead of artificial intelligent products, it is possible that scientists can invent any new technological products to replace them to provide to human to use for our living innovative needs.



U.S. Health in International Perspective

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 421 pages

File Size : 45,11 MB

Release : 2013-04-12

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 0309264146

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Book Description

The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.



Future Living Economic Impacts Consumption Desires Change

Author : Johnny Ch Lok

Publisher : Independently Published

Page : 486 pages

File Size : 38,90 MB

Release : 2019-11-27

Category :

ISBN : 9781712481639

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Book Description

Why does environment changing impact our living model change? Does they have close relatoinship between environment and living? How and why environment influences our living model needs to be changed in order to adapt any sudden economic environment changes. In macro view, economic environment and our living environment which have direct relatoinship. When our social economic environment changes significantly suddenly, then our society needs to find the best methods in order to let us to feel adapt to the sudden economic environment changes to threaten the least living negative effects. I shall indicate the reasons as below: Any countries must have themselves methods to adapt any time sudden economic environment changes. Such as China and US, China is one non -freedom country, but US is one freedom country. Hence, the relationship of how to adjustment policies, poverty and the environment was complex and different between them. Due to these are different, so they will influence themselves citizen decide how to do behaviors in order to adapt their living when they are living in themselves countries. It seems that any countries citizen need to find the best methods in order to adopt to live in themselves countries easily. Otherwise, some people feel difficult to adapt to live in themselves countries. Then, they willchoose emmigrate to other countries to live because they feel that they cannot adapt to live themselves countries more easily. Some countries feel macroeconomic stability is one good method to keep their conuntries can have long term economic growth. But, it is not absolute right because it is not sufficientto ensure long-term environmental sustainability. For example, lower inflatoin rates, increased savings, lower budget deficits, and improved trade balances were central to creating conditions for increased investment, a higher growth rate, employment creation, and poverty reductoin. However, macroeconomic stability and increased economic efficiency would not and could not solve other basic development issues, such as income inequality and cost internalizatoin, which directly threatened the sustainability of the countries' development strategies. Such asMexico and Thailand that bring the shortcomings in addressing specific environmental impacts of the price corrections and government failure to implement complementary policy reforms to bring Mexico and Thailand people often emmigrate to US illegal because they feel living difficulty to live in their countries. So, in long term, poor economic development will bring the number of emmigrants increases effect to any country in possible. Also, it seems that the emmigrants number is more or less, it has close relationship to the country's people how feel their country is suitable to them to live forever.Why does environment can impact liberalized trade regimes and influence consumers' consumption desires change ?



How Economic Environment Influences Social Change

Author : Johnny Ch Lok

Publisher :

Page : 248 pages

File Size : 26,42 MB

Release : 2020-03-05

Category :

ISBN :

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In my discussion concerns that environmental damage has not only created obstacles to economic development, but it is also posing great threats to human health and life, to ecological systems and natural world, and to the socio-cultural environments in which human beings lead their daily lives. Hence, I suggest that different countries' governments need to concern mobilization of political risk and socio-economic resources. The concept of "sustainability" was formulated as a result of the linkage between pesticide use and widespread pollution, of the effects of pollution on the health of humans and other animals and plants, and through proposal for managing resources in a way which doesn't destroy supplies of resources needed in the future. A country is considered "developing" when it is experiencing expansion of its productive capacity, the indicator is used, such as gross national product (GNP), and/or GNP per capita. The well being of all people depends largely on economic growth. However, when a country, such as developing countries Hong Kong and India both countries which populations are increasing, indeed it is difficult to imagine development without economic growth. As a result, however, nature has been scarified in the name of economic development. The pursuit of wealth and exploitation of the planet had taken place on an individualistic basic or collectivist basic, environment problems are began to cause increasing concern in growing segments of societies, mainly in the developed countries, such as India and China.We emphasizes quality of life, but the bio centric view, gives greater recognition to the planet, regarding the pursuit of wealth through industrial expansion and economic growth as incompatible with the earth's resource base. This view also takes the position that economic growth at the expense of natural represents consumption of what belongs rightly to future generations. However, becomes human kind is seen to be living within ecological constraints, economies will have zero growth in quantitative terms. Instead growth should be measured in qualitative terms, such as clean and healthy natural environment level, in other words, on the basis of quality of living rather than standard of living. Quantitative growth may occur only in certain areas, for example, in developing countries, such as China or India and poor areas of developed countries, such as USA, but there must also be negative growth in areas which are already highly developed.In General, the economy growth is always the attention focal point to every country. The economy growth impacts the protecting environment, on the contrary, the protecting environment also impacts the economy growth whether the environment is a factor considering the economic growth.



Economic Environment Factor Influences Consumption Behavioral Changes

Author : Johnny Ch Lok

Publisher : Independently Published

Page : 540 pages

File Size : 37,81 MB

Release : 2019-11-28

Category :

ISBN : 9781712748299

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How living economic environment influences our daily livingIn the future, when our economic environment causes to change suddenly variable significantly, it can also influence our living environment changes, then it will also influences our living behaviors change in order to choose to earn the most large benefits in effect. I shall our daily some living cases to explain why it has relationship between our living environment and our living economy and our living behaviors.The first living changing case, I shall indicate how living economic environment influences students' learning behaviors and social employable behaviors change both.When one country's students have much pressure to learn and there are many students need to enter schools to learn, but the country has less schools to supply to them to learn. Then, this living economic environment changing factor, e.g. there are many parents need to go to work, but they have no enough money to support their adult age students, e.g. 20 years university students to let them have enough money to continue to enrol universities to learn. IN this less universites supplying number and many poor families living economic environment both factors, it will cause many students feel pressure to enrol any one univeristy, if every year, there has about 100,000 number secondary school students at least, they prepare to pass examination to enrol any one university to study in the country. But, every university has only100 to 200 secondary students who have enrol to any one univeristy successfully. However, the country has only two universities are existence. So, it has possible that there are 98,600 to 98,800 secondary students, they can not enrol to any one university to study in the country every year. These secondary only choose to find jobs to do.But, their educational level is low, they will feel find jobs to do in difficulty. If the country's jobs supplying number is less. For example, in the year, there are only 80,000 secondary level jobs to be supplied to these secondary level students to do. Hence, in the year, this country will have 18,600 to 18,800 secondary students who can notfind any jobs to work, even they will lose jobs ( unemployment) in the whole year in possible.So in living economic view, this low jobs supplying environment and the low university number graduation and many secondary schools students unemployment factor will only cause this society's economic environment to be more poor, because when it have many secondary students who can not find any jobs to do easily, then they do easy to do stealing, fighting etc. crime behaviors to influence the society's living safety to it living people every day. It is due to this country lacks enough universities to provide to these secondary students to learn as well as they must feel more pressure to examinatoin, due to the univeristy enrolling demand must be raised, e.g. five A grades at minmum. They need to earn in order to enrol to any one univeristy to learn. Even, although some secondary students, they can enrol to any one university to study, but many their parents are poor families and they can not continue to them to enrol any one private university to study, I suppose this country has none any government universities existence. So, these private universities are only for the rich families whose children can enrol to learn successfully. I will let many poor students who feel unfair because they have the best examination result to enrol to any one of these two univeristy to study, but because their parents have no enough money to support them to enrol to either one of these two universities to study. So, they will also need to attempt to find low education level jobs to do in society.



How Technology Improves Quality of Life

Author : Johnny Ch Lok

Publisher :

Page : 262 pages

File Size : 48,38 MB

Release : 2021-04-06

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

Environment impacts consumption desires changeWhy does environment changing impact our living model change? Does they have close relatoinship between environment and living? How and why environment influences our living model needs to be changed in order to adapt any sudden economic environment changes. In macro view, economic environment and our living environment which have direct relatoinship. When our social economic environment changes significantly suddenly, then our society needs to find the best methods in order to let us to feel adapt to the sudden economic environment changes to threaten the least living negative effects. I shall indicate the reasons as below: Any countries must have themselves methods to adapt any time sudden economic environment changes. Such as China and US, China is one non -freedom country, but US is one freedom country. Hence, the relationship of how to adjustment policies, poverty and the environment was complex and different between them. Due to these are different, so they will influence themselves citizen decide how to do behaviors in order to adapt their living when they are living in themselves countries. It seems that any countries citizen need to find the best methods in order to adopt to live in themselves countries easily. Otherwise, some people feel difficult to adapt to live in themselves countries. Then, they willchoose emmigrate to other countries to live because they feel that they cannot adapt to live themselves countries more easily. Some countries feel macroeconomic stability is one good method to keep their conuntries can have long term economic growth. But, it is not absolute right because it is not sufficientto ensure long-term environmental sustainability. For example, lower inflatoin rates, increased savings, lower budget deficits, and improved trade balances were central to creating conditions for increased investment, a higher growth rate, employment creation, and poverty reductoin. However, macroeconomic stability and increased economic efficiency would not and could not solve other basic development issues, such as income inequality and cost internalizatoin, which directly threatened the sustainability of the countries' development strategies. Such asMexico and Thailand that bring the shortcomings in addressing specific environmental impacts of the price corrections and government failure to implement complementary policy reforms to bring Mexico and Thailand people often emmigrate to US illegal because they feel living difficulty to live in their countries. So, in long term, poor economic development will bring the number of emmigrants increases effect to any country in possible. Also, it seems that the emmigrants number is more or less, it has close relationship to the country's people how feel their country is suitable to them to live forever.Why does environment can impact liberalized trade regimes and influence consumers' consumption desires change ? Many criticisms of the impacts of structural adjustment on the environment focus on the negative environmental consequences of liberalized trade regimes. These concern on these aspects: The fact is that liberalized trade discourages internalizatoin of environment costs. IN the logic of competitive advantage, countries that lower the productoin costs for private enterprises can enjoy an advantage over competing natoins by failing to internalize environment costs associated with production and disposal of commodities and manufactured goods. Such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT), which prevails trade practices that encourage the externalization of environment cost. For example, GATT rules do not allow countries to distinguish between production processes that internalize environment costs and those that pass such costs to present and future generatoins.



Living Economy Influences Our Future Living Experience

Author : Johnny Ch LOK

Publisher : Independently Published

Page : 401 pages

File Size : 31,8 MB

Release : 2019-11-24

Category :

ISBN : 9781711136981

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What does living economy mean ? How living economy influences consumer shopping behaviours and worker productive behaviours change. I shall explain as below: Firstly, we need to know what economy and science difference is. The reason for the gaps is that economics is very far from an exact science. The main actors are people or consumers, we need to work and spend. In my nowadays living, our consumption model has the impacts of the internet, and whether it bring more growth and better living standards for every. In past, we must need go to shops to buy any things. But, nowadays, we can apply internet to enter any business website to choose our preferable product to pay visa to buy among different kinds products' photos. So, e-commerce or e-shopping had change many consumers' traditional consumption model. It can bring exciting shopping experience and convenience to general consumers. Instead of internet influences consumer shopping method hand, internet also influence some offices apply internet to help employees to work at homes. So, Some office staffs do not need often go to offices to work, they can apply internet to do their office tasks at homes. It is one good example internet can bring living economic shopping convenience and working convenience to influence working people and consumers' living consumption and working traditional habit changing. But, internet also cause some people lose jobs, because some companies may dismiss some positions to be replaced by internet or artificial intelligent technology tools. In economic beneficial view, they aims to reduce salary expenditure and raises productivities and efficiencies. So, (AI) and internet technological invention can raise unemployment ratio in our societies, but it also raise efficiencies and productivities for businessmen in possible. These high technological invention can also bring economic growth because a desire for more profits would raise greater productivity, and therefore greater growth. This was achieved via the division of labour. For example, when one vehicle factory applies artificial intelligent robotic tools to assist workers to manufacture vehicles. The (AI) concentrates on manufacturing some vehicles engines as well as the workers need to divide the suitable engine parts to install to finish to manufacture any one vehicle in the factory. So, (AI) can assist workers to achieve division of labour aim. IN long term, if some countries' vehicle companies, even global vehicle companies can select to apply (AI) tools to assist workers to manufacture any one vehicle in the same time. It will raise whole vehicle industry vehicle productive efficiency and manufacture any one vehicle in the most short time. Indirectly, it will bring economic growth effect to these countries in possible, because vehicle suppliers can have enough different kinds of vehicles number to sell to different countries consumers in any time in global easily. Then, vehicle GDP income will increase and it can bring economic growth rapidly. But, (AI) robotic invention can also bring disadvantages to workers, because since the essence of capitalism is to make money, those workers will be increasingly exploited as time goes on. Faced with growing competition, employers may make staff work longer or harder as they may cut their wages and hire cheaper workers like women and children. Either way, profits will increase and so will worker dissatisfaction.



Environmental Pollution Causes What Economic Or Social Cost

Author : Johnny Ch LOK

Publisher :

Page : 129 pages

File Size : 37,48 MB

Release : 2019-01-06

Category :

ISBN : 9781793278722

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Human life stage will encounter generations of three periods to get utility from consumption and environmental quality. During adulthood, when all relevant decisions are taken, adult can work and allocate their income between consumption and investment in environmental maintenance: consumption involves deterioration of the future quality of the environment ( through pollution and/or resource depletion) when maintenance helps to improve it. The dynamics of environmental quality may also be affected by external factors on more resourced communities. The most importance, unhealthy physical environments across the region adversely affect everyone, ever though who are likely to be most concentrated in more burdened community which also have less social power to change those environments. Why life expectancy and the environment has close relationship to influence quality of life? Life expectancy and environmental quality dynamics are jointly determined. Human may invest in environmental quality, depending on how much , we expect to live. However, environmental conditions affects life expectancy. In particular, some countries may encounter in a low life expectancy / low environmental quality. This outcome is consistent with stylized facts relating life expectancy and environmental performance measures. Some expects to live longer, who would be willing to invest more in environmental quality, because who feel which have causal link between life expectancy and environmental quality. However, environmental quality is a very important factor affecting health and morbidity: air and water pollution, depletion of natural resources and quality of life.(iv)Why social and physical environmental factors have close relationship to influence economic growthI shall indicate reasons to explain why social and physical environmental factors have close relationship to influence economic growth, even human health of quality of life. The social and economic burdens of poor education, lack of affordable housing and less than self sufficient income affect, not just those individuals and families who have the fewest resources. The social gradient means that not only do whose in the bottom worse health outcomes to bottom of income group and the top income group whose will have poor quality of life influence. The higher rates of disease and disability and lesser productivity among many communities means a higher public and private burden of life years, particularly life expectancy once one reaches age 65. In recent decades, research and has increasingly shown how powerfully social and economic conditions determine population health and differences in health among subgroups, much more so than medical care. It seems that environmental factor can influence human's quality of life.Los Angeles Country Department Of public Health (2016) indicated a country health rankings model, this department explained these three health factors can cause this health outcomes. These health factors include health behaviors (30%), it includes tobacco use, diet and exercise, alcohol use, unsafe sex; clinical care (20%), it includes access to care, quality of care; social and economic factors (40%), it includes education, employment, income, family and social support, community safety; physical environmental factor (10%) , includes natural environmental quality, built environmental quality. Then these factors can cause this health outcomes, such as morality ( length of life):50% and morbidity (quality of life) :50%. SO, it implies that physical environmental factor can influence human's length of life. So, on our social environmental problems result is from a complex interplay of a number of forces. An individual's health -related behaviors , particularly diet, exercise and smoking, surrounding physical environment and health care ( both access and quality) all contribute significantly to how long and how well human love.



How Environmental Factor Influences Social Economy

Author : Johnny Ch Lok

Publisher : Independently Published

Page : 70 pages

File Size : 43,98 MB

Release : 2019-07-07

Category :

ISBN : 9781079023305

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McGregor & Goldsmith (1998) explained that " quality is life is relative and difference between individuals, but it can be perceived as the level of satisfaction or confidence with one's conditions, relationships and surroundings relative to the available alternatives. The concept of quality of life is multifaceted. Quality of life consists of among other things: hope for the future, land, adequate food, clothing, shelter, income, employment opportunities, maternal and child health, and family and social welfare." The concept of quality of life is indeed multi-dimersional, complex and very subjective. For example, someone who has changed their consumptin habit to better ensure that their choices with make a better quality of life for themselves, the environment and future generations, may be seen by others as having a lower or inferior quality of life since which have removed themselves from the materialistic mainstream characteristics of our consumer society. Someone may feel that an absence of violence and abuse in their life and natural fresh air and clean water good quality supply can lead to even though who have fewer tangible resources, money or shelter; peace of mind and freedom from abuse has increased the quality of their daily life relative to what it was like before.Otherwise, standard of living is often equated with quality of life, but it is not the same thing. A standard of life is a way of life to which a group of people are accustomed. Some people's standard of living includes only basic food, clothing, shelter and safety. Other people expect to eat at expensive restaurants, wear designer clothes, live in huge homes and travel extensively. Different people expect and want different things, who have different standards, which are very much shaped by values, goals, money, past experience and socialization. However, standard of living are most commonly assessed in terms of annual household income levels and to a lesser extent, wealth, community assistance, family contributions, special family needs, distribution of income within the family or household and geographic location.Thus, it seems that standard of living or GDP alone is not a good measure of quality of life.