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The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke

Author :

Publisher :

Page : 736 pages

File Size : 26,77 MB

Release : 2006

Category : Passive smoking

ISBN :

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Book Description

This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.



Women with Cancer

Author : Barbara L. Andersen

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 437 pages

File Size : 14,68 MB

Release : 2012-12-06

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1461386713

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Book Description

A Woman With Cancer Deborah came to University Hospital when she was 25. She was the mainstay of a young farming family. Her husband, Merle, was now farming his family land, working hard to keep financially solvent during these difficult f;lrming days. They had four children: Carolyn, 4 months; Michael, 17 months; John, 4 years; and Susie, 5 years. There was nothing special about this woman or her circumstances; she was like every woman who had ordinary daily chores and responsibilities, people in her life about whom she cared and who cared for her, worries, goals, dreams, and her life before her. Deborah's 4-week postpartum checkup and Pap smear were normal; however, six weeks later she had heavy, irregular bleeding. To Deborah this symptom picture did not seem to fit the pattern of her other preg nancies, and so she returned to her doctor. A large lesion was found on the posterior cervix and biopsies of the tissue revealed moderately dif ferentiated adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Referral to the University Hospital 60 miles away confirmed the diagnosis. Further tumor workup, which included a pelvic ultrasound, bladder cystoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and chest x-ray, was normal, although the IVP was notable for nonvi sualization of the right ureter, thought to be secondary to an enlarged lymph node.



How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

Author : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Publisher :

Page : 728 pages

File Size : 47,25 MB

Release : 2010

Category : Government publications

ISBN :

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Book Description

This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.



NCI Fact Book

Author : National Cancer Institute (U.S.)

Publisher :

Page : 82 pages

File Size : 18,10 MB

Release : 1979

Category : Cancer

ISBN :

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Environmental Tobacco Smoke

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 351 pages

File Size : 19,28 MB

Release : 1986-02-01

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309074568

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Book Description

This comprehensive book examines the recent research investigating the characteristics and composition of different types of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and discusses possible health effects of ETS. The volume presents an overview of methods used to determine exposures to environmental smoke and reviews both chronic and acute health effects. Many recommendations are made for areas of further research, including the differences between smokers and nonsmokers in absorbing, metabolizing, and excreting the components of ETS, and the possible effects of ETS exposure during childhood and fetal life.



Oral Contraceptives and Breast Cancer

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 196 pages

File Size : 24,14 MB

Release : 1991-02-01

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309044936

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Book Description

At least 10.7 million American women use oral contraceptives (OCs). The potential connection with breast cancer has caused concern among these OC users and uncertainty among many of their physicians. This new volume offers the most up-to-date information available on this critical topic. While the best available knowledge does not support any fundamental change in clinical practice with respect to the use of OCs, this book offers specific recommendations for more research to fully resolve the relationship between OCs and breast cancer. Noting consumer confusion, the volume includes a concise summary of benefits, risks, and other practical information for contraceptive users and their doctors. The volume presents current data on changes in patterns of OC use, differences in risk at different ages, the benefits of OCs, and more. Oral Contraceptives and Breast Cancer will be important reading for obstetricians/gynecologists and other health professionals, their patients who use OCs, contraceptive manufacturers, women's health advocates, policymakers, and researchers.



Veterans and Agent Orange

Author : Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 791 pages

File Size : 25,55 MB

Release : 1994-01-15

Category : Medical

ISBN : 9780309075299

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Book Description

Have U.S. military personnel experienced health problems from being exposed to Agent Orange, its dioxin contaminants, and other herbicides used in Vietnam? This definitive volume summarizes the strength of the evidence associating exposure during Vietnam service with cancer and other health effects and presents conclusions from an expert panel. Veterans and Agent Orange provides a historical review of the issue, examines studies of populations, in addition to Vietnam veterans, environmentally and occupationally exposed to herbicides and dioxin, and discusses problems in study methodology. The core of the book presents What is known about the toxicology of the herbicides used in greatest quantities in Vietnam. What is known about assessing exposure to herbicides and dioxin. What can be determined from the wide range of epidemiological studies conducted by different authorities. What is known about the relationship between exposure to herbicides and dioxin, and cancer, reproductive effects, neurobehavioral disorders, and other health effects. The book describes research areas of continuing concern and offers recommendations for further research on the health effects of Agent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans. This volume will be critically important to both policymakers and physicians in the federal government, Vietnam veterans and their families, veterans organizations, researchers, and health professionals.



Asbestos

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 341 pages

File Size : 20,40 MB

Release : 2006-09-23

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309101697

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Book Description

In conjunction with drafting comprehensive legislation concerning compensation for health effects related to asbestos exposure (the Fairness in Asbestos Injury Act), the Senate Committee on the Judiciary directed the Institute of Medicine to assemble the Committee on Asbestos: Selected Health Effects. This committee was charged with addressing whether asbestos exposure is causally related to adverse health consequences in addition to asbestosis, mesothelioma, and lung cancer. Asbestos: Selected Cancers presents the committee's comprehensive distillation of the peer-reviewed scientific and medical literature regarding association between asbestos and colorectal, laryngeal, esophageal, pharyngeal, and stomach cancers.



Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies

Page : 436 pages

File Size : 49,58 MB

Release : 1990-02-01

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309039959

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Book Description

This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.