Biomedical Sensors


Book Description

Sensors are the eyes, ears, and more, of the modern engineered product or system- including the living human organism. This authoritative reference work, part of Momentum Press's new Sensors Technology series, edited by noted sensors expert, Dr. Joe Watson, will offer a complete review of all sensors and their associated instrumentation systems now commonly used in modern medicine. Readers will find invaluable data and guidance on a wide variety of sensors used in biomedical applications, from fluid flow sensors, to pressure sensors, to chemical analysis sensors. New developments in biomaterials- based sensors that mimic natural bio-systems will be covered as well. Also featured will be ample references throughout, along with a useful Glossary and symbols list, as well as convenient conversion tables.




Graphene Quantum Dots


Book Description

This book reflects the current status of theoretical and experimental research of graphene based nanostructures, in particular quantum dots, at a level accessible to young researchers, graduate students, experimentalists and theorists. It presents the current state of research of graphene quantum dots, a single or few monolayer thick islands of graphene. It introduces the reader to the electronic and optical properties of graphite, intercalated graphite and graphene, including Dirac fermions, Berry's phase associated with sublattices and valley degeneracy, covers single particle properties of graphene quantum dots, electron-electron interaction, magnetic properties and optical properties of gated graphene nanostructures. The electronic, optical and magnetic properties of the graphene quantum dots as a function of size, shape, type of edge and carrier density are considered. Special attention is paid to the understanding of edges and the emergence of edge states for zigzag edges. Atomistic tight binding and effective mass approaches to single particle calculations are performed. Furthermore, the theoretical and numerical treatment of electron-electron interactions at the mean-field, HF, DFT and configuration-interaction level is described in detail.




Carbon and Graphene Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications


Book Description

Carbon and Graphene Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications provides a single point of reference for understanding the biomedical potential of quantum dots. The book covers the synthesis and properties of various carbon and graphene quantum dots, with advanced discussion on the challenges faced during synthesis according to type, structure, size, functionalization and composition. Key biomedical applications are described, including bioimaging, biosensing, antimicrobial and drug delivery. The benefits and issues of utilizing carbon and graphene quantum dots in biomedical applications are addressed in detail, evaluating vital aspects such as cytotoxicity, inhibition concentration and point-of-care-specific challenges.This book offers an exciting and thorough overview of this emerging area for academics and researchers in the fields of materials science, biomedical engineering, nanotechnology, and pharmaceutical science, as well as for R&D groups in biosensing and drug development. - Provides an overview on the synthesis, properties and functionalization of carbon and graphene quantum dots - Covers a selection of key biomedical applications of carbon and graphene quantum dots, including biosensing, antimicrobial and drug delivery applications - Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing quantum dots in biomedical applications, as well as challenges faced during synthesis




Carbon Nanostructures for Biomedical Applications


Book Description

Carbon nanostructures, namely fullerenes, single and multiwall carbon nanotubes, graphene as well as the most recent graphene quantum dots and carbon nanodots, have experienced a tremendous progress along the last two decades in terms of the knowledge acquired on their chemical and physical properties. These insights have enabled their increasing use in biomedical applications, from scaffolds to devices. Edited by renowned experts in the subject, this book collects and delineates the most notable advances within the growing field surrounding carbon nanostructures for biomedical purposes. Exploration ranges from fundamentals around classifications to toxicity, biocompatibility and the immune response. Modified nanocarbon-based materials and emergent classes, such as carbon dots and nanohorns are discussed, with chapters devoted from carriers for drug delivery and inhibitors of emergent viruses infection, to applications across imaging, biosensors, tissue scaffolding and biotechnology. The book will provide a valuable reference resource and will extensively benefit researchers and professionals working across the fields of chemistry, materials science, and biomedical and chemical engineering.




Silver Micro-Nanoparticles


Book Description

This book describes the different methodologies for producing and synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of various shapes and sizes. It also provides an in-depth understanding of the new methods for characterizing and modifying the properties of AgNPs as well as their properties and applications in various fields. This book is a useful resource for a wide range of readers, including scientists, engineers, doctoral and postdoctoral fellows, and scientific professionals working in specialized fields such as medicine, nanotechnology, spectroscopy, analytical chemistry diagnostics, and plasmonics.




Nanoengineering of Biomaterials


Book Description

A comprehensive discussion of various types of nanoengineered biomaterials and their applications In Nanoengineering of Biomaterials: Drug Delivery & Biomedical Applications, an expert team of chemists delivers a succinct exploration of the synthesis, characterization, in-vitro and in-vivo drug molecule release, pharmacokinetic activity, pharmacodynamic activity, and the biomedical applications of several types of nanoengineered biomaterials. The editors have also included resources to highlight the most current developments in the field. The book is a collection of valuable and accessible reference sources for researchers in materials chemistry and related disciplines. It uses a functions-directed approach to using organic and inorganic source compounds that translate into biological systems as scaffolds, micelles, dendrimers, and other delivery systems. Nanoengineering of Biomaterials offers readers up-to-date chemistry and material science insights that are readily transferrable to biomedical systems. The book also includes: Thorough introductions to alginate nanoparticle delivery of therapeutics and chitosan-based nanomaterials in biological applications Comprehensive explorations of nanostructured carrageenan as a drug carrier, gellan gum nanoparticles in drug delivery, and guar-gum nanoparticles in the delivery of bioactive molecules Practical discussions of protein-based nanoparticles for drug delivery, solid lipid nanoparticles as drug carriers, and pH-responsive nanoparticles in therapy In-depth examinations of stimuli-responsive nano carriers in drug targeting Perfect for pharmaceutical chemists, materials scientists, polymer chemists, life scientists, and medicinal chemists, Nanoengineering of Biomaterials: Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications is also an indispensable resource for biologists and bioengineers seeking a one-stop reference on the transferability of materials chemistry and nanotechnology to biomedicine.




State of the Art in Nano-bioimaging


Book Description

Nano-bioimaging is a real-time observation method for the study of biological processes in subcellular structures and entire cells. This technique aims to interfere as little as possible with life processes using nanoscale materials and probes. In this method, nanoscale photon source is often used for imaging, and 3D structure of the observed specimen is studied in detail without physical interference. Over the last decade, further boost in bioimaging has led to increase the nano-bioimaging impact that includes many improvements in the data analysis method, image processing, and molecular imaging technology. However, to increase the usage of nano-bioimaging, several developments in the field of diagnosis accuracy, photobleaching prevention, and controlling of the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) must be achieved. The purpose of this book is to provide a perspective on the current status of nano-bioimaging technologies.




Carbon Dots


Book Description

Written by the founder of the field of carbon “quantum” dots (carbon dots) and related technology, this book outlines the principles of carbon dots and presents strong evidence for that small carbon nanoparticles and by extension carbon dots represent the nanoscale carbon allotrope at zero-dimension. Historical accounts of the inception and evolution of the carbon dots field are provided. Experimental approaches and techniques for the dot synthesis and some related major issues are discussed in detail. The photoexcited state properties, especially the bright and colorful photoluminescence emissions, and photoinduced redox characteristics of carbon dots are presented, and so are their advantages over semiconductor quantum dots as well as fullerenes. Carbon dots are also compared with “graphene quantum dots”, for which a unified mechanistic understanding is proposed. Finally, a broad range of applications of carbon dots and their derived hybrid nanostructures in biomedical, renewable energy, food and environmental safety, and other technologies are highlighted. The book concludes with a discussion on the excellent potential and opportunities for further research and development.




Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites


Book Description

Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites: Raw Materials to Applications brings together the most recent research in nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites for a range of applications. The book's coverage is comprehensive, starting with synthesis techniques, then moving to characterization and applications of several different classes of nanomaterial and nanoparticle in nanocomposites. By presenting different nanomaterials, such as metal and metal oxides, clay and POSS, carbon nanotubes, cellulose and bio-based polymers in a structured manner, the book enables an efficient comparison of properties and capabilities for these advanced materials, making it relevant both for researchers in an academic environment and also industrial R&D. This book is particularly distinctive because it centers on the raw materials on which the nanocomposites are based, the biological properties of the range of materials discussed, and the environmental and economic considerations of different polymer systems. - Presents a thorough, up-to-date review of the latest advances and developments in the field of nanomaterials and polymer nanocomposites, with a particular focus on raw materials - Includes comprehensive coverage from historical backgrounds, synthesis techniques, characterization, and a detailed look at new and emerging applications for polymer nanocomposites - Provides a range of different material classes, including metal and metal oxides, biopolymers, graphene and cellulose, among others




Multifunctional Nanocarriers for Contemporary Healthcare Applications


Book Description

"This book explores the utility of diverse multifunctional nanocarriers in drug delivery and biomedical applications, especially emphasizing on the synthesis and characterizations of Nano systems along with surface engineering approaches used for active targeting of the drugs. It also includes the recent updates on the applications of the nanocarriers to fulfill the needs of various healthcare system"--