Catalytic in Organic Syntheses 1976


Book Description

Catalysis in Organic Syntheses 1976 provides information pertinent to organic chemistry and the practical applications of catalysis. This book reviews the influence of mass and heat transport on the performance of heterogeneous catalysts. Organized into five parts encompassing 17 chapters, this compilation of papers starts with an overview of how the formulation of the catalyst and the selection of operating conditions influence the chemistry of the reactions that occur. This text then examines the Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), which is a powerful tool for the analysis of surface and subsurface elemental composition in the fields of metallurgy, semiconductors, and thin films. Other chapters consider the importance of differential thermal analysis (DTA) as a useful method for rapidly screening potential catalysts. The final chapter deals with the rhodium-catalyzed nuclear hydrogenation of N-aryl amides, which is an excellent laboratory method for the preparation of N-alicyclic amides. This book is a valuable resource for organic and catalytic chemists.




Catalysis in Organic Syntheses


Book Description

Catalysis in Organic Syntheses contains the proceedings of the Seventh Conference on Catalysis in Organic Syntheses held in Chicago, 5-7 June 1978. The conference was sponsored by The Organic Reactions Catalysis Society, an affiliate of The Catalysis Society. Most of the papers reflect the main interest of the Society membership, namely, the application of catalysis as a tool for the synthetic organic chemist rather than studies of catalytic phenomena per se, the latter subject being amply covered in other symposia. It is not surprising then that the largest group of papers deal with catalytic hydrogenation, the catalytic reaction most often encountered in organic synthesis. Other subjects in the burgeoning field of catalysis are not neglected however, as evidenced by papers on the spectroscopic evaluation of catalysts, homogenous catalysis by organometallic complexes, and the catalysis of coal conversion. Finally a group of papers explore some safety considerations in performing catalytic transformations.




Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Syntheses


Book Description

Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Syntheses focuses on the process of catalytic hydrogenation in organic synthesis. This book gives the reader easy access to catalytic history, to show what can be done and how to do it. A variety of working generalities and common sense guides are given as aids in selecting catalytic metal, catalyst support, concentration of metal and catalyst, solvent, and reaction conditions. All manner of hydrogenation catalysts are considered and mechanisms of hydrogenation are presented at a level that is useful to the synthetic organic chemist. This volume is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with an overview of catalytic hydrogenation and heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts, along with hydrogenation reactors and reaction conditions. The discussion then shifts to the hydrogenation of compounds such as acetylenes, olefins, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, oximes, acids, esters, lactones, anhydrides, and nitro compounds as well as carbocyclic aromatics and heterocyclic compounds. The reader is also introduced to reductive alkylation, catalytic dehydrohalogenation, and hydrogenolysis of small rings. A chapter on miscellaneous hydrogenolyses concludes the book. This book will be of interest to organic chemists working in the field of catalytic hydrogenation.




Organic Syntheses by Oxidation with Metal Compounds


Book Description

This book is concerned with the synthetic aspects of oxidation reactions involving metal compounds. which are readily available or easy to prepare. The sequence followed in the chapters is as follows: a general introduction. a limited treatment of reaction mechanisms to serve as a basis for synthesis. and scope and limitations of the oxidant system. mostly in terms of substrate and product classes. Finally, at the end of each chapter. representative synthetic procedures are given together with relevant experimental considerations. A general table is included as an appendix. This contains substrate classes and resulting product classes, referring to the oxidative procedures in the chapters. The table provides the synthetic organic chemist with a quick overview of oxidation possibilities with metal-contain ing oxidants, enabling him to select the right method for his purpose. The editors hope that not only organic research chemists in industry and at universities, but also advanced undergraduate and graduate students in organic chemistry, will find this book a useful guide in the design, understanding, and practical performance of oxidative organic syntheses. The editors are grateful to the authors not only for their contributions. containing interesting new developments in oxidation chemistry, but also for the way they fitted the text into the general framework given for the book. Their suggestions and comments are gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are also due to Mrs. A. I. Rohnstrom-Ouwejan, secretary to the editors, for her administrative support.




Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis


Book Description

Spurred by the desire to make chemistry a sustainable and "greener" technology, the field of organocatalysis has grown to become one of the most important areas in synthetic organic chemistry. Organic catalysts can often replace potentially toxic metal catalysts and allow reactions to proceed under mild reaction conditions, thereby saving energy costs and rendering chemical processes inherently safer. More importantly perhaps, organocatalysis offers a complementary reactivity in many instances leading to increased versatility.This Handbook describes 126 key reagents for organocatalytic reactions and will be especially useful for professionals in the area of sustainable chemistry, medicinal research, as well as synthetic organic chemists working in academia and the pharmaceutical industry. All the information compiled in this volume is also available in electronic format on Wiley Online Library. The 126 reagents represented here are but a small fraction of the ca. 5,000 reagents available in the electronic Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (e-EROS). e-EROS offers various search interfaces to locate reagents of interest, including chemical structure, substructure and reactions search modes. e-EROS is updated regularly with new and updated entries.




Phase Transfer Catalysis in Organic Synthesis


Book Description

The field of phase transfer catalysis is a tribute to the chemists involved in process development research. Phase transfer catalysis is a solution to numerous cost and yield problems encountered regularly in industrial laboratories. In fact, much of the early work in this area was conducted by industrial chemists although the work was not labelled phase transfer catalysis at the time. We certainly do not intend to minimize the contributions of academic chemists to this field, but it is an unalterable fact that much of the early understanding and many of the early advances came from industrial laboratories. A special tribute is due to Dr. Charles Starks of the Continental Oil Company. By the mid sixties, Starks had formulated the principles of phase transfer catalysis and had applied for patents on many reactions that others were later to examine in somewhat greater detail. His mechanistic model of phase transfer catalysis still stands up well today and is a model for much of the thinking in this area. It is fitting that Starks suggested the name "phase transfer catalysis" by which the whole field is now known. We wish to thank a number of people who have aided us in many ways in the preparation of this volume. We very much appreciate the helpful discussions and insights provided by Drs. Henry Stevens and Andrew Kaman of PPG Industries in Barberton, Ohio. We also thank Dr. L. A.




Heterogeneous Catalysis for the Synthetic Chemist


Book Description

This work delineates the effect of different reaction variables on the outcome of heterogeneously catalyzed reactions, and explains how to optimize the product yield of specific compounds. Metal catalysis, simple and complex oxides, zeolites and clays are discussed, both as catalysts and as potential supports for catalytically active metals.




Catalysis of Organic Reactions


Book Description

A collection of 33 papers and posters from a conference in Boca Raton, Florida, May 1990, in which chemists from the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and from academia, discuss their work on the use of catalysis in organic synthesis. Considering reactions with hydrogen, they cover aldehydes a




Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1976


Book Description

Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis—1976 presents an annual review of synthetically useful information that would prove beneficial to nearly all organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis. It should help relieve some of the information storage burden of the specialist and should aid the nonspecialist who is seeking help with a specific problem to become rapidly aware of recent synthetic advances. In producing this volume the editors abstracted 47 primary chemistry journals, selecting useful synthetic advances. All reactions and methods which are new, synthetically useful, and reasonably general are included. Each entry is comprised primarily of structures accompanied by very few comments. The purpose of this is to aid the reader in rapidly scanning the book. Chapters I-III are organized by reaction type and constitute the major part of the book. Chapter IV deals with methods of synthesizing heterocyclic systems. Chapter V covers the use of new protecting groups. Chapter VI is divided into three main parts and covers those synthetically useful transformations that do not fit easily into the first three chapters. The first part deals only with functional group synthesis. The second part covers ring expansion and contraction, and the third part involves useful multistep sequences.




Catalysis of Organic Reactions


Book Description

This book provides a complete updating of important developments in the study of catalysis as it applies to organic synthesis — with applications in major industrial processes. It covers a broad variety of catalytic processes — both homogeneous and heterogeneous.