Petrography of Cementitious Materials
Author : Sharon M. DeHayes
Publisher : ASTM International
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 14,16 MB
Release : 1994
Category : Cement
ISBN : 0803118783
Handbook of Sample Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis
Author : Patrick Echlin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 42,11 MB
Release : 2011-04-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0387857311
Book Description
Scanning electr on microscopy (SEM) and x-ray microanalysis can produce magnified images and in situ chemical information from virtually any type of specimen. The two instruments generally operate in a high vacuum and a very dry environment in order to produce the high energy beam of electrons needed for imaging and analysis. With a few notable exceptions, most specimens destined for study in the SEM are poor conductors and composed of beam sensitive light elements containing variable amounts of water. In the SEM, the imaging system depends on the specimen being sufficiently electrically conductive to ensure that the bulk of the incoming electrons go to ground. The formation of the image depends on collecting the different signals that are scattered as a consequence of the high energy beam interacting with the sample. Backscattered electrons and secondary electrons are generated within the primary beam-sample interactive volume and are the two principal signals used to form images. The backscattered electron coefficient ( ? ) increases with increasing atomic number of the specimen, whereas the secondary electron coefficient ( ? ) is relatively insensitive to atomic number. This fundamental diff- ence in the two signals can have an important effect on the way samples may need to be prepared. The analytical system depends on collecting the x-ray photons that are generated within the sample as a consequence of interaction with the same high energy beam of primary electrons used to produce images.
NIST Building & Fire Research Laboratory Publications
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 18,69 MB
Release : 1992
Category : Building
ISBN :
Book Description
Advances in the Characterization of Industrial Minerals
Author : G.E. Christidis
Publisher : The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 43,87 MB
Release : 2011-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0903056283
Book Description
The advancement of human civilization has been intimately associated with the exploitation of raw materials. In fact the distinction of the main historical eras is based on the type of raw materials used. Hence, passage from the Paleolithic and Neolithic Age to the Bronze Age is characterized by the introduction of basic metals mainly copper, zinc and tin in human activities; the Iron Age is marked by the use of iron as the predominant metal. The use of metals has increased and culminated with the industrial revolution in the mid-eighteenth century, which marked the onset of the industrial age in the western world. Since then the importance of metals has gradually been surpassed by industrial minerals in the industrialized countries. Industrial minerals are raw materials used by industry for their physical and/or chemical properties. Characterization of industrial minerals is important for their assessment and can be demanding and often complicated. This new volume, co-published by the European Mineralogical Union and the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain & Ireland, is based on papers presented at an EMU-Erasmus IP School which was held in the Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece. The aim of the School was to describe advances in some of the analytical methods used to characterize industrial minerals and to propose additional methods which are currently not used for this purpose.
Cementitious Materials
Author : Herbert Pöllmann
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 557 pages
File Size : 46,35 MB
Release : 2017-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 3110473917
Book Description
Aside from water the materials which are used by mankind in highest quantities arecementitious materials and concrete. This book shows how the quality of the technical product depends on mineral phases and their reactions during the hydration and strengthening process. Additives and admixtures infl uence the course of hydration and the properties. Options of reducing the CO2-production in cementitious materials are presented and numerous examples of unhydrous and hydrous phases and their formation conditions are discussed. This editorial work consists of four parts including cement composition and hydration, Special cement and binder mineral phases, Cementitious and binder materials, and Measurement and properties. Every part contains different contributions and covers a broad range within the area. Contents Part I: Cement composition and hydration Diffraction and crystallography applied to anhydrous cements Diffraction and crystallography applied to hydrating cements Synthesis of highly reactive pure cement phases Thermodynamic modelling of cement hydration: Portland cements – blended cements – calcium sulfoaluminate cements Part II: Special cement and binder mineral phases Role of hydrotalcite-type layered double hydroxides in delayed pozzolanic reactions and their bearing on mortar dating Setting control of CAC by substituted acetic acids and crystal structures of their calcium salts Crystallography and crystal chemistry of AFm phases related to cement chemistry Part III: Cementitious and binder materials Chemistry, design and application of hybrid alkali activated binders Binding materials based on calcium sulphates Magnesia building material (Sorel cement) – from basics to application New CO2-reduced cementitious systems Composition and properties of ternary binders Part IV: Measurement and properties Characterization of microstructural properties of Portland cements by analytical scanning electron microscopy Correlating XRD data with technological properties No cement production without refractories
Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology ... Catalog
Author : National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher :
Page : 1162 pages
File Size : 50,82 MB
Release : 1994
Category :
ISBN :
Book Description
Building and Fire Research Laboratory Publications
Author : Building and Fire Research Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher :
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 33,72 MB
Release : 1991
Category : Building
ISBN :
Book Description
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 804 pages
File Size : 19,66 MB
Release : 1994
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN :
Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Cementitious Materials
Author : Herbert Pöllmann
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 25,43 MB
Release : 2017-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 3110473720
Book Description
Aside from water the materials which are used by mankind in highest quantities arecementitious materials and concrete. This book shows how the quality of the technical product depends on mineral phases and their reactions during the hydration and strengthening process. Additives and admixtures infl uence the course of hydration and the properties. Options of reducing the CO2-production in cementitious materials are presented and numerous examples of unhydrous and hydrous phases and their formation conditions are discussed. This editorial work consists of four parts including cement composition and hydration, Special cement and binder mineral phases, Cementitious and binder materials, and Measurement and properties. Every part contains different contributions and covers a broad range within the area. Contents Part I: Cement composition and hydration Diffraction and crystallography applied to anhydrous cements Diffraction and crystallography applied to hydrating cements Synthesis of highly reactive pure cement phases Thermodynamic modelling of cement hydration: Portland cements – blended cements – calcium sulfoaluminate cements Part II: Special cement and binder mineral phases Role of hydrotalcite-type layered double hydroxides in delayed pozzolanic reactions and their bearing on mortar dating Setting control of CAC by substituted acetic acids and crystal structures of their calcium salts Crystallography and crystal chemistry of AFm phases related to cement chemistry Part III: Cementitious and binder materials Chemistry, design and application of hybrid alkali activated binders Binding materials based on calcium sulphates Magnesia building material (Sorel cement) – from basics to application New CO2-reduced cementitious systems Composition and properties of ternary binders Part IV: Measurement and properties Characterization of microstructural properties of Portland cements by analytical scanning electron microscopy Correlating XRD data with technological properties No cement production without refractories
Cement, Concrete and Aggregates
Author : American Society for Testing and Materials
Publisher :
Page : 636 pages
File Size : 45,55 MB
Release : 1990
Category : Aggregates (Building materials)
ISBN :
