Change and Conflict in the U.S. Army Chaplain Corps since 1945


Book Description

Army chaplains have long played an integral part in America’s armed forces. In addition to conducting chapel activities on military installations and providing moral and spiritual support on the battlefield, they conduct memorial services for fallen soldiers, minister to survivors, offer counsel on everything from troubled marriages to military bureaucracy, and serve as families’ points of contact for wounded or deceased soldiers—all while risking the dangers of combat alongside their troops. In this thoughtful study, Anne C. Loveland examines the role of the army chaplain since World War II, revealing how the corps has evolved in the wake of cultural and religious upheaval in American society and momentous changes in U.S. strategic relations, warfare, and weaponry. From 1945 to the present, Loveland shows, army chaplains faced several crises that reshaped their roles over time. She chronicles the chaplains’ initiation of the Character Guidance program as a remedy for the soaring rate of venereal disease among soldiers in occupied Europe and Japan after World War II, as well as chaplains’ response to the challenge of increasing secularism and religious pluralism during the “culture wars” of the Vietnam Era.“Religious accommodation,” evangelism and proselytizing, public prayer, and “spiritual fitness”provoked heated controversy among chaplains as well as civilians in the ensuing decades. Then, early in the twenty-first century, chaplains themselves experienced two crisis situations: one the result of the Vietnam-era antichaplain critique, the other a consequence of increasing religious pluralism, secularization, and sectarianism within the Chaplain Corps, as well as in the army and the civilian religious community. By focusing on army chaplains’ evolving, sometimes conflict-ridden relations with military leaders and soldiers on the one hand and the civilian religious community on the other, Loveland reveals how religious trends over the past six decades have impacted the corps and, in turn, helped shape American military culture.







Care, Healing, and, Human Well-Being within Interreligious Discourses


Book Description

Care, Healing, and Human Well-Being within Interreligious Discourses is an edited, peer reviewed volume of global perspectives on interreligious approaches to healing and well-being by 23 academics and practitioners from five different faith practices and 13 different cultures. With chapters by counsellors, chaplains, religious thinkers and linguists, the multifaceted nature of the volume provides an expansive approach to spiritual care and counselling. In order to understand the ways in which interreligious encounters can have an enriching effect on our humanity, the volume is divided into four sections that address: methodological questions surrounding spiritual caregiving, perspectives of different faith traditions on care and healing, the challenges to the praxis of care in diverse cultural and political settings and, finally, how spiritual care and healing can be carried out in public places such as the police, the military, and hospitals. The book is an outgrowth of 25 years of experience within the Society for Interreligious Care and Counselling (SIPCC) to promote better understanding and practices of intercultural and interreligious spiritual caregiving.




A Church Militant


Book Description

This is a study of the relationship between Anglicans and the armed forces, of the military heritage and history of the Anglican Communion, and the changing nature of this relationship between the mid-Victorian period and the 1970s. This era spanned a period of imperial expansion and colonial conflict round the turn of the twentieth century, the two World Wars, the Cold War, wars of decolonisation, and Vietnam. In terms of armed conflict, it was the bloodiest period in the history of humanity and marked the advent of weaponry that had the capacity to extinguish human civilization. This book assesses the contribution of an expansive Anglican Communion to the armed forces of the English-speaking world, examines the ways in which this has been remembered, and explores its challenging legacy for the twenty-first century Church of England.




Religion in Uniform


Book Description

Religion in Uniform argues powerfully that Americans must reform their military’s chaplaincy. Americans fund this public project to serve all persons in the armed forces, but the chaplaincy currently fails to do so. Waggoner shows that Americans’ support for keeping chaplain positions in the military has always rested on a mix of political, military, and religious rationales that continue to evolve. He argues political, military, and theological reasons to eradicate bias, gender discrimination and sexual violence in the chaplain corps and to stop the use of chaplains in strategic roles abroad. Acknowledging that Christian groups are providing the strongest support for the chaplaincy’s status quo, Waggoner contests the specific theological claims that underwrite their policies. He launches a new, critical and constructive discussion about US military religion for the twenty-first century.




Cadets on Campus


Book Description

Since the founding of the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1802, more than eight hundred military schools have existed in this country. The vast majority have closed their doors, been absorbed into other educational institutions, or otherwise faded away, but others soldier on, adapting to changing times and changing educational needs. While many individual institutions have had their histories written or their stories told, to date no single book has attempted to explore the full scope of the military school in American history. Cadets on Campus is the first book to cover the origin, history, and culture of the nation’s military schools—secondary and collegiate—and this breadth of coverage will appeal to historians and alumni alike. Author John Alfred Coulter identifies several key figures who were pivotal to the formation of military education, including Sylvanus Thayer, the “father of West Point,” and Alden Partridge, the founder of the school later known as Norwich University, the first private military school in the country. He also reveals that military schools were present across the nation, despite the conventional wisdom that most military schools, and, indeed, the culture that surrounds them, were limited to the South. Coulter addresses the shuttering of military schools in the era after the Vietnam War and then notes a curious resurgence of interest in military education since the turn of the century.




Pastoral Care and Monasticism in Latin Christianity and Japanese Buddhism (ca. 800-1650)


Book Description

Monasticism has a special position in the history of pastoral care. It produced innovations in various aspects of pastoral care despite, or more precisely, because of its isolation in legal or social terms from the secular world. The thirteen papers contained in this volume will reveal that there was a great variety in the ways pastoral care continued to be practised by monasticism, depending on time, space, and the nature of each religious order. Adopting a comparative approach, their historical and geographical range of investigation is not limited to medieval Europe but expands to the Americas and even to Japan in the early Modern Age. This volume bases on a conference held on 1 and 2 March 2019 at Okayama University, Japan, as part of the close collaboration between a Japanese research group on Christian/Buddhist religious movements and the Research Project "Monasteries in the High Middle Ages: Innovation Laboratories for European Life Designs and Regulatory Models" of the Saxon and the Heidelberg Academies of Sciences and Humanities, as well as the Research Center for Comparative History of Religious Orders (FOVOG, Dresden).




Enlisting Faith


Book Description

Ronit Stahl traces the ways the U.S. military struggled with, encouraged, and regulated religious pluralism and scrambled to handle the nation’s deep religious, racial, and political complexity. Just as the state relied on religion to sanction combat missions and sanctify war deaths, so too did religious groups seek validation as American faiths.




Essays on Diverse Topics


Book Description

This revised and updated volume includes twenty-two essays on timely topics. The volume begins with topics on Judaism and Jewish Ideology, the book reviews the multiplicity of languages Jewish people used throughout their history. At last count, these number 55, an amazing way to create a localized language for daily interaction, rather than use Hebrew, the sacred language reserved for prayer and study. The brief review of Lurianic Kabbalah follows, together with a discussion of human suffering. The mystery of Ashkenazic Jewry follows, offering a serious question to this dilemma. What follows is an exposition on the Jewish law of 'mosur' the informer, and the many issues affecting sexual predation in ultra-Orthodox Judaism, both in the United States and Australia as in Israel. The Cairo Genizah reviews how two Scottish sisters brought the Book of Ecclesiasticus to Cambridge and the vast treasure of Cairo brought to Cambridge and other universities to examine this ancient repository. The issue of Apostate Rabbis follows discussing several rabbis who converted to Christianity. I then discuss the Radhanites, the mysterious group of super-merchants who traveled from France to China and back for about 500 years, centuries before Marco Polo. I then discuss Chabad Messianism, a topic of interest as Chabad expands its message across the globe. Several topics follow: Medieval Blood Libel, the mystery of Jews in Sri Lanka, today a minimal number but in earlier centuries numbering several thousand. I then discuss several topics on the human condition, essays designed to reflect on Man's ethical dilemma of life in the post-World War Two era. I then discuss the two original ideas regarding religion. One of these is attributed to the Patriarch Abraham, whose reflection on Deity and how to relate to spirituality predominates in the three great Western religions. The other original thought is found in Hinduism, reflecting an entirely different way to relate to Deity. Because Hinduism is a Far Eastern phenomenon, not readily accessible in the West, I’ve included an overview of Hinduism, so that the Western and Jewish views can be appreciated. A new topic reflect on the Atrocity Soul and its counterpart, reflecting of the Son of Darkness and the Son of Light, each bringing messages, one of despair and darkness and the other of hope and redemption. While these persons may be religious, it is not a primary matter to the Son of Light, but their message of hope predominates. I conclude the book with a discussion on Calculating Zero, an advancement only made twice in human history: in the New World by the Maya and by the ancient Mesopotamians. Each of the essays and reviews reflects my understanding of these, and other, diverse topics. Each essay provides grist for discussion and reflection.




Spiritual Care


Book Description

"COVID-19 thrust chaplains-especially those in healthcare-into the national spotlight as they cared for patients, family members, and exhausted and traumatized medical staff fighting the pandemic in real time. That spotlight, like COVID-19, was new, but the work of chaplains was not. I step back from the spotlight in this book to ask who chaplains are, what they do across the United States, how that work is connected to the settings where they do it, and how they have responded to and helped to shape contemporary shifts in the American religious landscape. I focus on Boston as a case study to show how chaplains have been, and remain, an important part of institutional religious ecologies, both locally and nationally. I engage with scholarly literatures in sociology, religious studies, and organizational studies to contextualize these data. I encourage scholars, religious leaders, and educators to step back and look broadly enough that they can see chaplains and integrate their work into thinking about American religious life. Considering the work of chaplains and keeping it on the radar of scholars and religious leaders may be a source of continuing insights into the future of religious life in the United States"--