Chemicals and Fuels from Bio-Based Building Blocks


Book Description

An up-to-date and two volume overview of recent developments in the field of chemocatalytic and enzymatic processes for the transformation of renewable material into essential chemicals and fuels. Experts from both academia and industry discuss catalytic processes currently under development as well as those already in commercial use for the production of bio-fuels and bio-based commodity chemicals. As such, they cover drop-in commodity chemicals and fuels, as well as bio-based monomers and polymers, such as acrylic acid, glycols, polyesters and polyolefins. In addition, they also describe reactions applied to waste and biomass valorization and integrated biorefining strategies. With its comprehensive coverage of the topic, this is an indispensable reference for chemists working in the field of catalysis, industrial chemistry, sustainable chemistry, and polymer synthesis.




Organic Building Blocks of the Chemical Industry


Book Description

A comprehensive survey of industrial organic chemicals, their useful properties, and the economic rationale for the dominant synthetic pathways. This practical guide explains where these organic building blocks of the chemical industry come from, how to make them on a commercial scale, how to price them, and how to analyze trends in demand and production of any given material. Coverage ranges from how and why different processes originated to the latest developments in high-value-added specialty chemicals.




Nature's Building Blocks


Book Description

A readable, informative, fascinating entry on each one of the 100-odd chemical elements, arranged alphabetically from actinium to zirconium. Each entry comprises an explanation of where the element's name comes from, followed by Body element (the role it plays in living things), Element ofhistory (how and when it was discovered), Economic element (what it is used for), Environmental element (where it occurs, how much), Chemical element (facts, figures and narrative), and Element of surprise (an amazing, little-known fact about it). A wonderful 'dipping into' source for the familyreference shelf and for students.




Improvements in Bio-Based Building Blocks Production Through Process Intensification and Sustainability Concepts


Book Description

Improvements in Bio-Based Building Blocks Production Through Process Intensification and Sustainability Concepts discusses new information on the production and cost of bio-based building blocks. From a technical point-of-view, almost all industrial materials made from fossil resources can be substituted using bio-based counterparts. However, the cost of bio-based production in many cases exceeds the cost of petrochemical production. In addition, new products must be proven to perform at least as good as their petrochemical equivalents, have a lower environmental impact, meet consumer demand for environmentally-friendly products, factor in population growth, and account for limited supplies of non-renewables. This book outlines the application of process intensification techniques which allow for the generation of clean, efficient and economical processes for bio-based chemical blocks production. - Includes synthesis and process design strategies for intensified processes - Describes multi-objective optimization applied to the production of bio-based building blocks - Presents the controllability of processes where the production of bio-based building blocks is involved - Provides examples using aspen and MATLAB - Introduces several sustainable indexes to evaluate production processes - Presents process intensification techniques to improve performance in productive processes




Molecules


Book Description

In Molecules, bestselling author Theodore Gray demonstrates, through stunning, never-before-seen images and illustrations, how the elements of the periodic table combine to form the molecules that make up our world. Everything physical is made up of the elements and the infinite variety of molecules they form when they combine with each other. In Molecules, Theodore Gray takes the next step in the story that began with the periodic table in his best-selling book, The Elements: A Visual Exploration of Every Known Atom in the Universe. Here, he explores, through fascinating stories and trademark stunning photography, the most interesting, essential, useful, and beautiful of the millions of chemical structures that make up every material in the world. Gray begins with an explanation of how atoms bond to form molecules and compounds, as well as the difference between organic and inorganic chemistry. He then goes on to explore the vast array of materials molecules can create, including: soaps and solvents; goops and oils; rocks and ores; ropes and fibers; painkillers and dangerous drugs; sweeteners; perfumes and stink bombs; colors and pigments; and controversial compounds including asbestos, CFCs, and thimerosal. Big, gorgeous photographs, as well as diagrams of the compounds and their chemical bonds, rendered with never before seen beauty, fill the pages and capture molecules in their various states. As he did in The Elements, Gray shows us molecules as we've never seen them before. It's the perfect book for his loyal fans who've been eager for more and for anyone fascinated with the mysteries of the material world.




Concepts of Biology


Book Description

Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy.




Chemical Reactions


Book Description

The calm of the night is shattered by an explosion and flames: a chemical factory is on fire, and a dangerous gas is drifting across town! This book looks at the topic of chemical reactions to explain the properties of chemicals and how they react, what has caused the explosion, and how the resulting fire and pollution can be tackled. It shows how the emergency services use their knowledge of science and technology to make the factory safe, and how investigators can analyse the evidence to determine the cause of the disaster.




Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics, and Toxicity of Functional Groups


Book Description

Written by medicinal chemists and ADMET scientists with a combined experience of over 300 years this aid to discovering drugs provides detailed coverage on absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicology issues associated with new drugs.




CO2 as a Building Block in Organic Synthesis


Book Description

A guide to the fascinating application of CO2 as a building block in organic synthesis This important book explores modern organic synthesis’ use of the cheap, non-toxic and abundant chemical CO2as an attractive C1 building block. With contributions from an international panel of experts, CO2 as a Building Block in Organic Synthesis offers a review of the most important reactions which use CO2 as a building block in organic synthesis. The contributors examine a wide-range of CO2 reactions including methylation reactions, CH bond functionalization, carboxylation, cyclic carbonate synthesis, multicomponent reactions, and many more. The book reviews the most recent developments in the field and also: Presents the most important reactions like CH-bond functionalization, carboxylation, carbonate synthesis and many more Contains contributions from an international panel of experts Offers a comprehensive resource for academics and professionals in the field Written for organic chemists, chemists working with or on organometallics, catalytic chemists, pharmaceutical chemists, and chemists in industry, CO2 as Building Block in Organic Synthesis contains an analysis of the most important reactions which use CO2 as an effective building block in organic synthesis.




Plant Bioproducts


Book Description

Among the major challenges facing society today, seeking renewable alternatives to petroleum-based fuels and manufactured goods is critically important to reducing society’s dependency on petroleum and tackling environmental issues associated with petroleum use. In recent years there has been considerable research targeted toward the development of plant-derived bioproducts to replace petrochemical feedstocks for both fuel and manufacturing. Plants not only provide a large amount of renewable biomass, but their biochemical diversity also offers many chemical and molecular tools for the production of new products through biotechnology. Plant Bioproducts is an introduction to the production and application of plant bioproducts, including biofuels, bioplastics, and biochemicals for the manufacturing sector. Contributing authors examine various bioproducts with respect to their basic chemistry, relationship to current petrochemical-based products, and strategies for their production in plants. Chapters cover the integrated roles of agronomy, plant breeding, biotechnology, and biorefining in the context of bioproduct development. Environmental, economic, ethical, and social issues surrounding bioproducts, including the use of genetically modified crops, challenges to food security, and consumer acceptance, are also covered.