China in the Global Economy Rural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in China


Book Description

This publication presents the proceedings of a conference that took stock of achievements China has made in agricultural finance and credit infrastructure and discussed how China could best address future challenges in this area.




Rural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in China


Book Description

Although Chinas rural economy has made significant progress over the last twenty-five years, rural finance and institutional reforms are still lagging behind. This publication reviews the findings of an OECD meeting held in October 2003 and organised with the Chinese Government (with participants including Chinese policy makers and industry experts, as well as representatives from the World Bank, the FAO, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Asian Development Bank). The meeting discussed options for improving the countrys rural finance and institutional framework, as well as considering the role that the Chinese government could play within the reform process.







Financial Inclusion in China


Book Description

This book aims to provide first-hand information for readers who are concerned about inclusive finance and sustainable development by summarizing China’s policy measures and practical innovations in the development of inclusive finance and expects to provide China’s experience for the development of inclusive finance in more regions. From a worldwide perspective, a large number of people had been excluded from formal financial services for a long time due to various factors. Even in developed economies with sound financial systems, relatively disadvantaged groups are often denied access to effective financial services. In 2005, the United Nations proposed the concept of Inclusive Finance, emphasizing the extension of financial services to less developed regions and low-income groups in society at an affordable cost by improving financial infrastructure and providing them with reasonably priced and convenient financial services. In 2015, the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, making inclusive finance an important focus for achieving sustainable development. It has become a global consensus to vigorously develop inclusive finance. China has attached importance to improving financial services for disadvantaged groups such as rural residents, micro-, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and others. In 2013, Developing “Inclusive Finance” became China’s national strategy. In 2015, China formulated the Plan for Promoting the Development of Inclusive Finance (2016-2020). In 2016, during its presidency of the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI), China proposed the issue of "Digital Financial Inclusion" and issued the G20 High-level Principles for Digital Financial Inclusion at the G20 Hangzhou Summit in the same year. Through policy guidance and active practice by the financial sector, China has gradually formed a unique development model of inclusive finance and achieved remarkable successes. Physical outlets, service machines and online service channels have been improved, and basic financial services have generally covered both urban and rural areas. The financial services for rural households and MSMEs have improved significantly. The efficiency and convenience of financial services have been significantly improved, and the satisfaction of financial services has significantly increased. China's experience in inclusive finance has been recognized by the international community. In 2017, five cases from China were selected in the G20 report on Digital Financial Inclusion: Emerging Policy Approaches.




The Evolution of Agricultural Credit during China’s Republican Era, 1912–1949


Book Description

In the modern era, China’s rural credit landscape is transforming at a dizzying rate, but, in terms of financial development, these changes represent a second attempt in the past 100 years to reform China’s credit institutions and provide credit access to farmers. The first period was during the Republican era, between 1912 and 1949, which saw the first attempts at formalizing rural credit with the Industrial and Agricultural Banks. This book uses primary data and papers to present a full picture of the difficult conditions China faced during the Republican era in order to explain the myriad reforms to the country's rural credit system. Fu and Turvey build a narrative around these developments based on the foundation of thousands of years of dynastic rule in order to explore the specific impacts of drought, floods, famine, communist insurgencies, Japanese expansionism, and more on credit access, supply and demand. They consider powerful personalities—such as J.B. Taylor, John Lossing Buck, Paul Hsu and Timothy Richards—and influential institutions—from Nanking and Nankai Universities to the China International Famine Relief Commission—that sought ways to end the cycle that trapped the vast majority of Chinese farmers in poverty. This rich, wide-ranging, and stimulating work will appeal both to readers focused on present day China and those who want to understand China’s rural economy and credit policies in a historical context.




New Directions in China's Agricultural Lending


Book Description

China has substantially boosted lending to farmers & agribus. in recent years. The balance of loans to farmers doubled between 2001 & 2005. Loans for agribus. & rural infrastructure rose as well. Rural credit coop. & banks that lend to ag. are being reformed & commercialized but ag. lending is still largely policy-driven. The boost in farm lending is one of several policy initiatives to aid farmers. Chinese ag. remains dominated by extremely small farms using little physical capital, but rising investment is helping the sector diversify & is improving the quality & safety of ag. produce. The campaign to inject capital into rural China is enabled by an abundant supply of domestic savings & large inflows of foreign investment. Illustrations.




Accelerating China's Rural Transformation


Book Description

QUOTE...two issues remain central to the [Chinese] government's rural development objectives: food security and poverty alleviation. China has made remarkable progress in meeting these goals: the economy, including the rural sector, has grown at phenomenal rates during the reform period.QUOTEWhile China's rural products, input, labor, and land markets are improving, they remain nascent. China still needs to foster several critical institutions, such as an effective fiscal system, a more efficient rural financial system, a workable land tenure arrangement, and a revamped trade and investment environment for agriculture. The primary purpose of this report is to identify and consolidate information on these crucial issues that impact on rural development in China. This report assesses strategic options from the perspective of efficiency, equitable development, and growth. It is intended to assist government officials and World Bank staff to prioritize policy and institutional reforms and public investment decisions in the rural sector.




China's Rural Financial System


Book Description

This book examines the credit needs and the borrowing behaviour of rural households in China in recent years. It is based on in-depth analysis of the status of households’ indebtedness and borrowing behaviour; the performance of Rural Credit Cooperatives (RCCs), as well as resources of informal finance. Before 2006, RCCs are virtually the only source of formal credit for rural households in China and were subject to a series of reforms from 1996 to 2003. The reforms aimed to transform RCCs into market-oriented institutions and, more importantly, help them meet the increasing demands of farmers for varied financial services, and thereby contribute effectively to economic transformation in rural China. Based on a micro-study of three villages, at different stages of development with dissimilar economic characteristics in Jiangxi province, this book investigates the sources of finance, formal and informal, in rural areas and the different types of credit that farmers require. It examines the patterns of credit required by rural households at different stages of agricultural processes, and the institutions from which they obtain loans. It demonstrates the importance of innovative institutional arrangements in rural China and new instruments that give farmers access to formal rural financial markets and enable them to utilize credit effectively, concluding that further reforms to RCCs are necessary for RCCs to be truly effective.




Financing China's Rural Enterprises


Book Description

Rural enterprises have played an important role in the extraordinary success of China's economy over the last two decades. They have greatly increased off-farm employment in rural areas and brought substantially increased incomes and standards of living to many rural people. Jun Li provides a comprehensive analysis of the financing of China's rural enterprises over the reform period, and discusses the key aspects of rural enterprise development in China, including the growth of rural enterprises and enterprise-level behaviour, the role of state policy, rural financial institutions and local government. Brings new and challenging analysis to the current debate on the Chinese financial system and the financing of SMEs.




China's Emerging Financial Markets


Book Description

"This comprehensive resource presents the views of China's most highly respected economists, bankers, and policy makers--along with opinions from Western authorities--on the current state of banking and finance in China. Tracing the history of China's banking and finance system and looking toward its future, the book offers valuable insight for financial service providers, bankers, private equity and hedge fund managers, and equity research and credit analysts."--Publisher's website.