Combustor Technology for Broadened-Properties Fuels


Book Description

In order to increase the availability and reduce the cost of future fuels for aircraft gas turbine engines, it may be necessary to broaden fuel specifications. Anticipated changes in fuel properties, and the effects of these changes on combustion system performance, operating characteristics, durability, and emissions are briefly reviewed, and results to date of a program being conducted to develop and demonstrate combustor technology required to utilize broadened-properties fuels in current and next-generation engines are described. Combustion system design considerations and tradeoffs for burning broadened-properties fuels are discussed, and test experience with several applicable combustor design modifications to the G.E. CF6-80A combustion system is reviewed. Modifications have been demonstrated to improve liner cooling and reduce smoke in the conventional annular combustor, thereby reducing effects of variations in fuel hydrogen content. Advanced staged and variable geometry combustor concepts for burning broadened-properties fuels have also been demonstrated.




Broad Specification Fuels Combustion Technology Program, Phase 2


Book Description

An experimental evaluation of two advanced technology combustor concepts was conducted to evolve and assess their capability for operation on broadened properties fuels. The concepts were based on the results of Phase 1 of the Broad Specification Fuel Combustor Technology Program which indicated that combustors with variable geometry or staged combustion zones had a flexibility of operation that could facilitate operation on these fuels. Emphasis in defining these concepts included the use of single pipe as opposed to duplex or staged fuels systems to avoid the risk of coking associated with the reduction in thermal stability expected in broadened properties fuels. The first concept was a variable geometry combustor in which the airflow into the primary zone could be altered through valves on the front while the second was an outgrowth of the staged Vorbix combustor, evolved under the NASA/P&W ECCP and EEE programs incorporating simplified fuel and air introduction. The results of the investigation, which involved the use of Experimental Referee Broad Specification (ERBS) fuel, indicated that in the form initially conceived, both of these combustor concepts were deficient in performance relative to many of the program goals for performance emissions. However, variations of both combustors were evaluated that incorporated features to simulate conceptual enhancement to demonstrate the long range potential of the combustor. In both cases, significant improvements relative to the program goals were observed. Lohmann, R. P. and Jeroszko, R. A. and Kennedy, J. B. Unspecified Center NASA-CR-191066, NAS 1.26:191066 NAS3-23269...







Internal Combustion Engine Technology and Applications of Biodiesel Fuel


Book Description

This book examines internal combustion engine technology and applications of biodiesel fuel. It includes seven chapters in two sections. The first section examines engine downsizing, fuel spray, and economic comparison. The second section deals with applications of biodiesel fuel in compression-ignition and spark-ignition engines. The information contained herein is useful for scientists and students looking to broaden their knowledge of internal combustion engine technologies and applications of biodiesel fuel.




Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports


Book Description

Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.







Fossil Energy Update


Book Description










The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition


Book Description

Despite the length of time it has been around, its importance, and vast amounts of research, combustion is still far from being completely understood. Environmental, cost, and fuel consumption issues add further complexity, particularly in the process and power generation industries. Dedicated to advancing the art and science of industrial combustion, The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Volume One – Fundamentals gives you a strong understanding of the basic concepts and theory. Under the leadership of Charles E. Baukal, Jr., top combustion engineers and technologists from John Zink Hamworthy Combustion examine the interdisciplinary fundamentals—including chemistry, fluid flow, and heat transfer—as they apply to industrial combustion. What’s New in This Edition Expanded to three volumes, with Volume One focusing on fundamentals Extensive updates and revisions throughout Updated information on HPI/CPI industries, including alternative fuels, advanced refining techniques, emissions standards, and new technologies Expanded coverage of the physical and chemical principles of combustion New practices in coal combustion, such as gasification The latest developments in cold-flow modeling, CFD-based modeling, and mathematical modeling Greater coverage of pollution emissions and NOx reduction techniques New material on combustion diagnostics, testing, and training More property data useful for the design and operation of combustion equipment Coverage of technologies such as metallurgy, refractories, blowers, and vapor control equipment Now expanded to three volumes, the second edition of the bestselling The John Zink Combustion Handbook continues to provide the comprehensive coverage, up-to-date information, and visual presentation that made the first edition an industry standard. Featuring color illustrations and photographs throughout, Volume One: Fundamentals helps you broaden your understanding of industrial combustion to better meet the challenges of this field. For the other volumes in the set, see The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Three-Volume Set.