› › Community Well Being And Public Welfare

Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 583 pages

File Size : 18,12 MB

Release : 2017-04-27

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309452961

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Book Description

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.



The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 536 pages

File Size : 23,66 MB

Release : 2003-02-01

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309133181

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Book Description

The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.



Community Well-Being and Public Welfare

Author : Allan M. Collautt

Publisher : Xlibris Corporation

Page : 198 pages

File Size : 37,58 MB

Release : 2005-12-07

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 1450069525

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Book Description

The subject of this book is public welfare systems and practical opportunities for their dramatic improvement in the areas of administrative and financial management. The recommended approach is founded on meaningful participation of local communities in many critical decisions toward effective functioning of public systems and measurable outcomes of this functioning from the community perspective. Increased role of local communities and their members is not envisioned on the basis of a weakening coordination and control by governmental authorities. To the contrary, elements of self-administration and active community involvement are expected to make public bureaucracies more effective, when assessed by their constituencies. The author of the book does not profess to be an expert on all systems of public services, especially considering that the term public services itself lacks clarity and may prompt a lengthy discussion. Assuming that the term public services embodies what a government does for its community, it is obvious that it encompasses many fields of activity and many industries. Nevertheless, the author maintains that numerous areas of government involvement toward serving its constituencies have much in common, which warrants an opportunity to design and implement a uniform approach for solving basic administrative and financial management problems. The author holds that the foundation of such universal approach is community participation and community-based philosophy of service delivery. Not all public services systems seem equally requiring improvement or overhaul. Our country appears to be in desperate need for innovative and effective solutions in those areas of government involvement that focus on special populations especially when their memberships are comprised of those who are often called disadvantaged. For such systems of public assistance the recommendations presented in this book should not be seen as a panacea but as a guide and a general direction. If one accepts the tenets of this book, its founding values, and its suggested course of action, one would necessarily realize that each implementation of the recommendations herein would take its own path meandering along the straight line charted by the author.



Social Factors and Community Well-Being

Author : Youngwha Kee

Publisher : Springer

Page : 109 pages

File Size : 40,77 MB

Release : 2016-04-05

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 3319299425

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Book Description

This book explores social factors that influence well-being, as well as the relationship between these factors. It examines individual areas of social policy from the perspective of children’s well-being, gender equity, and the impact of crime and social capital. The book discusses the relationships of well-being with the provision of public services, with developing a sense of community, and dimensions of happiness in nations. Bringing together perspectives from around the globe, the book provides both theoretical and applied explorations. It links the idea of influencing social factors and outcomes to community well-being, thus adding a new perspective. In doing so, it reflects the new and exciting research that is being conducted at the intersection between social factors, policy, impacts, and community well-being.



Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice

Author : Ingrid Robeyns

Publisher : Open Book Publishers

Page : 152 pages

File Size : 23,54 MB

Release : 2017-12-11

Category : Political Science

ISBN : 1783744243

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Book Description

How do we evaluate ambiguous concepts such as wellbeing, freedom, and social justice? How do we develop policies that offer everyone the best chance to achieve what they want from life? The capability approach, a theoretical framework pioneered by the philosopher and economist Amartya Sen in the 1980s, has become an increasingly influential way to think about these issues. Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice: The Capability Approach Re-Examined is both an introduction to the capability approach and a thorough evaluation of the challenges and disputes that have engrossed the scholars who have developed it. Ingrid Robeyns offers her own illuminating and rigorously interdisciplinary interpretation, arguing that by appreciating the distinction between the general capability approach and more specific capability theories or applications we can create a powerful and flexible tool for use in a variety of academic disciplines and fields of policymaking. This book provides an original and comprehensive account that will appeal to scholars of the capability approach, new readers looking for an interdisciplinary introduction, and those interested in theories of justice, human rights, basic needs, and the human development approach.



Improving Health in the Community

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 497 pages

File Size : 38,81 MB

Release : 1997-05-21

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309055342

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Book Description

How do communities protect and improve the health of their populations? Health care is part of the answer but so are environmental protections, social and educational services, adequate nutrition, and a host of other activities. With concern over funding constraints, making sure such activities are efficient and effective is becoming a high priority. Improving Health in the Community explains how population-based performance monitoring programs can help communities point their efforts in the right direction. Within a broad definition of community health, the committee addresses factors surrounding the implementation of performance monitoring and explores the "why" and "how to" of establishing mechanisms to monitor the performance of those who can influence community health. The book offers a policy framework, applies a multidimensional model of the determinants of health, and provides sets of prototype performance indicators for specific health issues. Improving Health in the Community presents an attainable vision of a process that can achieve community-wide health benefits.





The Future of Public Health

Author : Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 240 pages

File Size : 46,74 MB

Release : 1988-01-15

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309581907

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Book Description

"The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.



Subjective Well-Being

Author : Panel on Measuring Subjective Well-Being in a Policy-Relevant Framework

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 148 pages

File Size : 46,35 MB

Release : 2014-01-01

Category : Mathematics

ISBN : 0309294479

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Book Description

Subjective well-being refers to how people experience and evaluate their lives and specific domains and activities in their lives. This information has already proven valuable to researchers, who have produced insights about the emotional states and experiences of people belonging to different groups, engaged in different activities, at different points in the life course, and involved in different family and community structures. Research has also revealed relationships between people's self-reported, subjectively assessed states and their behavior and decisions. Research on subjective well-being has been ongoing for decades, providing new information about the human condition. During the past decade, interest in the topic among policy makers, national statistical offices, academic researchers, the media, and the public has increased markedly because of its potential for shedding light on the economic, social, and health conditions of populations and for informing policy decisions across these domains. Subjective Well-Being: Measuring Happiness, Suffering, and Other Dimensions of Experience explores the use of this measure in population surveys. This report reviews the current state of research and evaluates methods for the measurement. In this report, a range of potential experienced well-being data applications are cited, from cost-benefit studies of health care delivery to commuting and transportation planning, environmental valuation, and outdoor recreation resource monitoring, and even to assessment of end-of-life treatment options. Subjective Well-Being finds that, whether used to assess the consequence of people's situations and policies that might affect them or to explore determinants of outcomes, contextual and covariate data are needed alongside the subjective well-being measures. This report offers guidance about adopting subjective well-being measures in official government surveys to inform social and economic policies and considers whether research has advanced to a point which warrants the federal government collecting data that allow aspects of the population's subjective well-being to be tracked and associated with changing conditions.



Investing in the Health and Well-Being of Young Adults

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 431 pages

File Size : 42,62 MB

Release : 2015-01-27

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309309980

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Book Description

Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.