Machine Translation


Book Description

This book describes a novel, cross-linguistic approach to machine translation that solves certain classes of syntactic and lexical divergences by means of a lexical conceptual structure that can be composed and decomposed in language-specific ways. This approach allows the translator to operate uniformly across many languages, while still accounting for knowledge that is specific to each language.




Lexical Acquisition


Book Description

On-line information -- and free text in particular -- has emerged as a major, yet unexploited, resource available in raw form. Available, but not accessible. The lexicon provides the major key for enabling accessibility to on-line text. The expert contributors to this book explore the range of possibilities for the generation of extensive lexicons. In so doing, they investigate the use of existing on-line dictionaries and thesauri, and explain how lexicons can be acquired from the corpus -- the text under investigation -- itself. Leading researchers in four related fields offer the latest investigations: computational linguists cover the natural language processing aspect; statisticians point out the issues involved in the use of massive data; experts discuss the limitations of current technology; and lexicographers share their experience in the design of the traditional dictionaries.




Predicative Forms in Natural Language and in Lexical Knowledge Bases


Book Description

This volume is a selection of papers presented at a workshop entitled Predicative Forms in Natural Language and in Lexical Knowledge Bases organized in Toulouse in August 1996. A predicate is a named relation that exists among one or more arguments. In natural language, predicates are realized as verbs, prepositions, nouns and adjectives, to cite the most frequent ones. Research on the identification, organization, and semantic representa tion of predicates in artificial intelligence and in language processing is a very active research field. The emergence of new paradigms in theoretical language processing, the definition of new problems and the important evol ution of applications have, in fact, stimulated much interest and debate on the role and nature of predicates in naturallangage. From a broad theoret ical perspective, the notion of predicate is central to research on the syntax semantics interface, the generative lexicon, the definition of ontology-based semantic representations, and the formation of verb semantic classes. From a computational perspective, the notion of predicate plays a cent ral role in a number of applications including the design of lexical knowledge bases, the development of automatic indexing systems for the extraction of structured semantic representations, and the creation of interlingual forms in machine translation.




Machine Translation and the Lexicon


Book Description

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Workshop of the European Association for Machine Translation, held in Heidelberg, Germany in April 1993. The EAMT Workshops traditionally aim at bringing together researchers, developers, users, and others interested in the field of machine or computer-assisted translation research, development and use. The volume presents thoroughly revised versions of the 15 best workshop contributions together with an introductory survey by the volume editor. The presentations are centered primarily on questions of acquiring, sharing, and managing lexical data, but also address aspects of lexical description.










Electric Words


Book Description

One of the underlying messages of the book is that current research should be guided by both computational and theoretical tools and not only by statistical techniques - that matters have gone far beyond counting to encompass the difficult province of meaning itself and how it can be formally expressed.




Semantics and The Lexicon


Book Description

The goal of this book is to integrate the research being carried out in the field of lexical semantics in linguistics with the work on knowledge representation and lexicon design in computational linguistics. Rarely do these two camps meet and discuss the demands and concerns of each other's fields. Therefore, this book is interesting in that it provides a stimulating and unique discussion between the computational perspective of lexical meaning and the concerns of the linguist for the semantic description of lexical items in the context of syntactic descriptions. This book grew out of the papers presented at a workshop held at Brandeis University in April, 1988, funded by the American Association for Artificial Intelligence. The entire workshop as well as the discussion periods accom panying each talk were recorded. Once complete copies of each paper were available, they were distributed to participants, who were asked to provide written comments on the texts for review purposes. VII JAMES PUSTEJOVSKY 1. INTRODUCTION There is currently a growing interest in the content of lexical entries from a theoretical perspective as well as a growing need to understand the organization of the lexicon from a computational view. This volume attempts to define the directions that need to be taken in order to achieve the goal of a coherent theory of lexical organization.




Big Data: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications


Book Description

The digital age has presented an exponential growth in the amount of data available to individuals looking to draw conclusions based on given or collected information across industries. Challenges associated with the analysis, security, sharing, storage, and visualization of large and complex data sets continue to plague data scientists and analysts alike as traditional data processing applications struggle to adequately manage big data. Big Data: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a multi-volume compendium of research-based perspectives and solutions within the realm of large-scale and complex data sets. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this publication presents exhaustive coverage of crucial topics in the field of big data including diverse applications, storage solutions, analysis techniques, and methods for searching and transferring large data sets, in addition to security issues. Emphasizing essential research in the field of data science, this publication is an ideal reference source for data analysts, IT professionals, researchers, and academics.




Breadth and Depth of Semantic Lexicons


Book Description

Most of the books about computational (lexical) semantic lexicons deal with the depth (or content) aspect of lexicons, ignoring the breadth (or coverage) aspect. This book presents a first attempt in the community to address both issues: content and coverage of computational semantic lexicons, in a thorough manner. Moreover, it addresses issues which have not yet been tackled in implemented systems such as the application time of lexical rules. Lexical rules and lexical underspecification are also contrasted in implemented systems. The main approaches in the field of computational (lexical) semantics are represented in the present book (including Wordnet, CyC, Mikrokosmos, Generative Lexicon). This book embraces several fields (and subfields) as different as: linguistics (theoretical, computational, semantics, pragmatics), psycholinguistics, cognitive science, computer science, artificial intelligence, knowledge representation, statistics and natural language processing. The book also constitutes a very good introduction to the state of the art in computational semantic lexicons of the late 1990s.