Conceptual Structures: Fulfilling Peirce's Dream


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS '97, held in Seattle, Washington, USA, in August 1997. The 39 full papers presented were carefully selected and revised for inclusion in the volume. Also included are 9 abstracts of conceptual graphs tools. The papers are organized in sections on knowledge representation, knowledge modeling, formal concept analysis, formal reasoning, applications of conceptual graphs, and conceptual graphs tools. This book competently documents the progress achieved in the area since the predecessor conference ICCS '96, the proceedings of which have been published as LNAI 1115.




Conceptual Structures: Logical, Linguistic, and Computational Issues


Book Description

Computerscientistscreatemodelsofaperceivedreality.ThroughAItechniques, these models aim at providing the basic support for emulating cognitive - havior such as reasoning and learning, which is one of the main goals of the AI research e?ort. Such computer models are formed through the interaction of various acquisition and inference mechanisms: perception, concept learning, conceptual clustering, hypothesis testing, probabilistic inference, etc., and are represented using di?erent paradigms tightly linked to the processes that use them. Among these paradigms let us cite: biological models (neural nets, genetic programming), logic-based models (?rst-order logic, modal logic, rule-based s- tems), virtual reality models (object systems, agent systems), probabilistic m- els(Bayesiannets,fuzzylogic),linguisticmodels(conceptualdependencygraphs, language-based representations), etc. OneofthestrengthsoftheConceptualGraph(CG)theoryisitsversatilityin terms of the representation paradigms under which it falls. It can be viewed and therefore used, under di?erent representation paradigms, which makes it a p- ular choice for a wealth of applications. Its full coupling with di?erent cognitive processes lead to the opening of the ?eld toward related research communities such as the Description Logic, Formal Concept Analysis, and Computational Linguistic communities. We now see more and more research results from one community enrich the other, laying the foundations of common philosophical grounds from which a successful synergy can emerge.




Conceptual Structures: Standards and Practices


Book Description

With all of the news about the Internet and the Y2K problem, it is easy to forget that other areas of computer science still exist. Reading the newspaper or watching the television conveys a very warped view of what is happening in computer science. This conference illustrates how a maturing subdiscipline of computer science can continue to grow and integrate within it both old and new approaches despite (or perhaps due to) a lack of public awareness. The conceptual graph community has basically existed since the 1984 publication of John Sowa's book, "Conceptual Structures: Information Processing In Mind and Machine." In this book, John Sowa laid the foundations for a knowledge representation model called conceptual graphs based on semantic networks and the existential graphs of C.S. Peirce. Conceptual graphs constitutes a very powerful and expressive knowledge representation scheme, inheriting the benefits of logic and the mathematics of graphs. The expressiveness and formal underpinnings of conceptual graph theory have attracted a large international community of researchers and scholars. The International Conferences on Conceptual Structures, and this is the seventh in the series, is the primary forum for these researchers to report their progress and activities. As in the past, the doors were open to admit alternate representation models and approaches.




Conceptual Structures: Theory, Tools and Applications


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS'98, held in Montpellier, France, in August 1998. The 20 revised full papers and 10 research reports presented were carefully selected from a total of 66 submissions; also included are three invited contributions. The volume is divided in topical sections on knowledge representation and knowledge engineering, tools, conceptual graphs and other models, relationships with logics, algorithms and complexity, natural language processing, and applications.







The Logic System of Concept Graphs with Negation


Book Description

The aim of contextual logic is to provide a formal theory of elementary logic, which is based on the doctrines of concepts, judgements, and conclusions. Concepts are mathematized using Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), while an approach to the formalization of judgements and conclusions is conceptual graphs, based on Peirce's existential graphs. Combining FCA and a mathematization of conceptual graphs yields so-called concept graphs, which offer a formal and diagrammatic theory of elementary logic. Expressing negation in contextual logic is a difficult task. Based on the author's dissertation, this book shows how negation on the level of judgements can be implemented. To do so, cuts (syntactical devices used to express negation) are added to concept graphs. As we can express relations between objects, conjunction and negation in judgements, and existential quantification, the author demonstrates that concept graphs with cuts have the expressive power of first-order predicate logic. While doing so, the author distinguishes between syntax and semantics, and provides a sound and complete calculus for concept graphs with cuts. The author's treatment is mathematically thorough and consistent, and the book gives the necessary background on existential and conceptual graphs.




Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management


Book Description

Past, Present, and Future of Knowledge Acquisition This book contains the proceedings of the 11th European Workshop on Kno- edge Acquisition, Modeling, and Management (EKAW ’99), held at Dagstuhl Castle (Germany) in May of 1999. This continuity and the high number of s- missions re?ect the mature status of the knowledge acquisition community. Knowledge Acquisition started as an attempt to solve the main bottleneck in developing expert systems (now called knowledge-based systems): Acquiring knowledgefromahumanexpert. Variousmethodsandtoolshavebeendeveloped to improve this process. These approaches signi?cantly reduced the cost of - veloping knowledge-based systems. However, these systems often only partially ful?lled the taskthey weredevelopedfor andmaintenanceremainedanunsolved problem. This required a paradigm shift that views the development process of knowledge-based systems as a modeling activity. Instead of simply transf- ring human knowledge into machine-readable code, building a knowledge-based system is now viewed as a modeling activity. A so-called knowledge model is constructed in interaction with users and experts. This model need not nec- sarily re?ect the already available human expertise. Instead it should provide a knowledgelevelcharacterizationof the knowledgethat is requiredby the system to solve the application task. Economy and quality in system development and maintainability are achieved by reusable problem-solving methods and onto- gies. The former describe the reasoning process of the knowledge-based system (i. e. , the algorithms it uses) and the latter describe the knowledge structures it uses (i. e. , the data structures). Both abstract from speci?c application and domain speci?c circumstances to enable knowledge reuse.




Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, EKAW '99, held at Dagstuhl Castle, Germany in May 1999. The volume presents 16 revised full papers and 15 revised short papers were carefully reviewed and selected form a high number of submissions. Also included are two invited papers. The papers address issues of knowledge acquisition (i.e., the process of extracting, creating, structuring knowledge, etc.), of knowledge-level modeling for knowledge-based systems, and of applying and redefining this work in a knowledge management and knowledge engineering context.




Advances in Knowledge Acquisition and Management


Book Description

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 2006 Pacific Rim Knowledge Acquisition Workshop, PKAW 2006, held in Guilin, China in August 2006 as part of 9th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2006. It covers ontology and knowledge acquisition, algorithm approaches to knowledge acquisition, incremental knowledge acquisition and RDR, as well as machine learning and data mining.




Conceptual Structures for Knowledge Creation and Communication


Book Description

This volume contains the proceedings of ICCS 2003, the 11th International C- ferenceonConceptualStructures. Thisconferenceseriescontinuestobethemain forum for the presentation and discussion of state-of-the-art research on conc- tualstructures. Thetheories,methodologies,andtechniquespresentedherehave grown considerably in scope in recent years. On the other hand, solid bridges spanning the boundaries between such diverse ?elds as Conceptual Graphs, F- mal Concept Analysis, and others are increasingly being built in our community. The theme of this year’s conference was “Conceptual Structures for Kno- edge Creation and Communication”. In our increasingly (Inter)networked world, the potential support of information technology for the creation and commu- cation of quality knowledge is almost boundless. However, in reality, many c- ceptual barriers prevent the use of this potential. The main problem is no longer in the technological infrastructure, but in how to navigate, use, and manage the wealth of available data resources. Thus, the question is: how to create and communicate from data the information and ultimately the knowledge required by an ever more complex and dynamic society? Conceptual structures research focuses on what is behind and between the data glut and the information ov- load that need to be overcome in answering this question. In this way, our ?eld contributes important ideas on how to actually realize some of the many still ambitious visions. All regular papers were reviewed in a thorough and open process by at least two reviewers and one editor.