Condition or Process? Researching Race in Education


Book Description

The question of why we need to think about how we research race demands a conceptualization of race that captures both its social construction and its temporal evolution. We need both an understanding of race and clarity about how we talk about it in our design and conduct of research, and in how we interpret and apply it in our findings. As a field, we can use research on race and racism in education to help construct social change. Our purpose with this volume is to underscore the persistence of the discriminatory actions—processes—and the normalization of the use of race (and class)—conditions—to justify the existing and growing disparity between the quality of life and opportunity for middle-class and more affluent Whites and that for people of color and people of color who live in poverty. As editors of this volume, we wonder what more we could learn and understand about the process and condition of race if we dare to ask bold questions about race and racism and commit to methods and analyses that respect the experiences and knowledges of our research participants and partners.




Improving Diagnosis in Health Care


Book Description

Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.




Process for Assessing Proper Functioning Condition


Book Description

This technical reference outlines the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM's) process for assessing the functioning condition of riparian areas on public lands. Emphasis is placed on the interaction of vegetation, landforms/soils, and hydrology in defining capability and potential of an area. The importance of using an interdisciplinary team is also stressed. The document describes all four categories of functioning condition--proper functioning condition, functional--at risk, nonfunctional, and unknown, and discusses management strategies for each.




Machine Learning in Python for Process and Equipment Condition Monitoring, and Predictive Maintenance


Book Description

This book is designed to help readers quickly gain a working knowledge of machine learning-based techniques that are widely employed for building equipment condition monitoring, plantwide monitoring , and predictive maintenance solutions in process industry . The book covers a broad spectrum of techniques ranging from univariate control charts to deep learning-based prediction of remaining useful life. Consequently, the readers can leverage the concepts learned to build advanced solutions for fault detection, fault diagnosis, and fault prognosis. The application focused approach of the book is reader friendly and easily digestible to the practicing and aspiring process engineers and data scientists. Upon completion, readers will be able to confidently navigate the Prognostics and Health Management literature and make judicious selection of modeling approaches suitable for their problems. This book has been divided into seven parts. Part 1 lays down the basic foundations of ML-assisted process and equipment condition monitoring, and predictive maintenance. Part 2 provides in-detail presentation of classical ML techniques for univariate signal monitoring. Different types of control charts and time-series pattern matching methodologies are discussed. Part 3 is focused on the widely popular multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM) techniques. Emphasis is paid to both the fault detection and fault isolation/diagnosis aspects. Part 4 covers the process monitoring applications of classical machine learning techniques such as k-NN, isolation forests, support vector machines, etc. These techniques come in handy for processes that cannot be satisfactorily handled via MSPM techniques. Part 5 navigates the world of artificial neural networks (ANN) and studies the different ANN structures that are commonly employed for fault detection and diagnosis in process industry. Part 6 focusses on vibration-based monitoring of rotating machinery and Part 7 deals with prognostic techniques for predictive maintenance applications. Broadly, the book covers the following: Exploratory analysis of process data Best practices for process monitoring and predictive maintenance solutions Univariate monitoring via control charts and time series data mining Multivariate statistical process monitoring techniques (PCA, PLS, FDA, etc.) Machine learning and deep learning techniques to handle dynamic, nonlinear, and multimodal processes Fault detection and diagnosis of rotating machinery using vibration data Remaining useful life predictions for predictive maintenance




Process for Assessing Proper Functioning Condition for Lentic Riparian-wetland Areas


Book Description

This technical reference outlines the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM's) process for assessing the functioning condition of lentic riparian-wetland areas on public lands. Emphasis is placed on the interaction of vegetation, landform/soils, and hydrology in defining capability and potential of an area. The importance of using an interdisciplinary term is also stressed.




Symmetries in Science IV


Book Description

Proceedings of a symposium at Vorarlberg, Austria, July 1989, called to allow interaction between scientists working in areas of biological and biophysical research, and those working in physics and mathematics. The 11 papers include discussions of such topics as symmetry in synthetic and natural pe




Ortner's Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains


Book Description

Ortner's Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains, Third Edition, provides an integrated and comprehensive treatment of the pathological conditions that affect the human skeleton. As ancient skeletal remains can reveal a treasure trove of information to the modern orthopedist, pathologist, forensic anthropologist, and radiologist, this book presents a timely resource. Beautifully illustrated with over 1,100 photographs and drawings, it provides an essential text and material on bone pathology, thus helping improve the diagnostic ability of those interested in human dry bone pathology. Presents a comprehensive review of the skeletal diseases encountered in archaeological human remains Includes more than 1100 photographs and line drawings illustrating skeletal diseases, including both microscopic and gross features Based on extensive research on skeletal paleopathology in many countries Reviews important theoretical issues on how to interpret evidence of skeletal disease in archaeological human populations




Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment


Book Description

The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide disability benefits: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. SSDI provides disability benefits to people (under the full retirement age) who are no longer able to work because of a disabling medical condition. SSI provides income assistance for disabled, blind, and aged people who have limited income and resources regardless of their prior participation in the labor force. Both programs share a common disability determination process administered by SSA and state agencies as well as a common definition of disability for adults: "the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months." Disabled workers might receive either SSDI benefits or SSI payments, or both, depending on their recent work history and current income and assets. Disabled workers might also receive benefits from other public programs such as workers' compensation, which insures against work-related illness or injuries occurring on the job, but those other programs have their own definitions and eligibility criteria. Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment identifies and defines the professionally accepted, standard measurements of outcomes improvement for medical conditions. This report also identifies specific, long-lasting medical conditions for adults in the categories of mental health disorders, cancers, and musculoskeletal disorders. Specifically, these conditions are disabling for a length of time, but typically don't result in permanently disabling limitations; are responsive to treatment; and after a specific length of time of treatment, improve to the point at which the conditions are no longer disabling.