Bulletin


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Journal of Education


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Consolidation of Rural Schools and Transportation of Pupils at Public Expense (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from Consolidation of Rural Schools and Transportation of Pupils at Public Expense I suggest that the rural schools be consolidated as much as can be done with out too much inconvenience for children or too great a cost for transporta tion. In a carefully laid-out school district of 10 or 12 square miles, with a schoolhouse at or near the center, few children have to travel more than a mile and a half to or from school. Except in the worst winter weather this is not too far even for small children to walk. There is now little Or no reason why the country school for young children should be in session when the weather is worst and not in session when the weather is good; and walking through country lanes, across fields, or along forest paths is pleasant and health giving. In most counties in the Eastern, Northern, Southern, and Middle Western States, and in many of the more densely populated counties of the Pacific States. There is now a school for every five or six square miles, and in many counties a school for every three or four square miles. The number of schools is larger where the population is more dense and smaller when it is less dense. In many counties one-room one - teacher schools are scattered along the roads and across the country little more than a mile apart. By making a school district of 10 or 12 square miles (12 square miles means only miles square), two, three, or four schools, and sometimes as many as five schools, each with one or two teachers at the most, could be brought together into one. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.




School Education


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Normal Instructor


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Mixed Harvest


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Mixed Harvest explores rural responses to the transformation of the northern United States from an agricultural society into an urban and industrial one. According to Hal S. Barron, country people from New England to North Dakota negotiated the rise of large-scale organizational society and consumer culture in ways marked by both resistance and accommodation, change and continuity. Between 1870 and 1930, communities in the rural North faced a number of challenges. Reformers and professionals sought to centralize authority and diminish local control over such important aspects of rural society as schools and roads; large-scale business corporations wielded increasing market power, to the detriment of independent family farmers; and an encroaching urban-based consumer culture threatened rural beliefs in the primacy of their local communities and the superiority of country life. But, Barron argues, by reconfiguring traditional rural values of localism, independence, republicanism, and agrarian fundamentalism, country people successfully created a distinct rural subculture. Consequently, agrarian society continued to provide a counterpoint to the dominant trends in American society well into the twentieth century.