Continuous-Time Systems


Book Description

This work offers students at all levels a description of linear, nonlinear, time-invariant, and time-varying electronic continuous-time systems. As an assemblage of physical or mathematical components organized and interacting to convert an input signal to an output signal, an electronic system can be described using different methods offered by the modern systems theory. To make possible for readers to understand systems, the book systematically covers the major foundations of the systems theory.




Identification of Continuous-Time Systems


Book Description

In view of the importance of system identification, the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC) and the International Federation of Operational Research Societies (IFORS) hold symposia on this topic every three years. Interest in continuous time approaches to system identification has been growing in recent years. This is evident from the fact that the of invited sessions on continuous time systems has increased from one in the 8th number Symposium that was held in Beijing in 1988 to three in the 9th Symposium in Budapest in 1991. It was during the 8th Symposium in August 1988 that the idea of bringing together important results on the topic of Identification of continuous time systems was conceived. Several distinguished colleagues, who were with us in Beijing at that time, encouraged us by promising on the spot to contribute to a comprehensive volume of collective work. Subsequently, we contacted colleagues all over the world, known for their work in this area, with a formal request to contribute to the proposed volume. The response was prompt and overwhelmingly encouraging. We sincerely thank all the authors for their valuable contributions covering various aspects of identification of continuous time systems.




Continuous-Time Signals and Systems (Version 2013-09-11)


Book Description

This book is intended for use in teaching undergraduate courses on continuous-time signals and systems in engineering (and related) disciplines. It has been used for several years for teaching purposes in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Victoria and has been very well received by students. This book provides a detailed introduction to continuous-time signals and systems, with a focus on both theory and applications. The mathematics underlying signals and systems is presented, including topics such as: properties of signals, properties of systems, convolution, Fourier series, the Fourier transform, frequency spectra, and the bilateral and unilateral Laplace transforms. Applications of the theory are also explored, including: filtering, equalization, amplitude modulation, sampling, feedback control systems, circuit analysis, and Laplace-domain techniques for solving differential equations. Other supplemental material is also included, such as: a detailed introduction to MATLAB, a review of complex analysis, and an exploration of time-domain techniques for solving differential equations. Throughout the book, many worked-through examples are provided. Problem sets are also provided for each major topic covered.




Continuous-Time Markov Jump Linear Systems


Book Description

It has been widely recognized nowadays the importance of introducing mathematical models that take into account possible sudden changes in the dynamical behavior of a high-integrity systems or a safety-critical system. Such systems can be found in aircraft control, nuclear power stations, robotic manipulator systems, integrated communication networks and large-scale flexible structures for space stations, and are inherently vulnerable to abrupt changes in their structures caused by component or interconnection failures. In this regard, a particularly interesting class of models is the so-called Markov jump linear systems (MJLS), which have been used in numerous applications including robotics, economics and wireless communication. Combining probability and operator theory, the present volume provides a unified and rigorous treatment of recent results in control theory of continuous-time MJLS. This unique approach is of great interest to experts working in the field of linear systems with Markovian jump parameters or in stochastic control. The volume focuses on one of the few cases of stochastic control problems with an actual explicit solution and offers material well-suited to coursework, introducing students to an interesting and active research area. The book is addressed to researchers working in control and signal processing engineering. Prerequisites include a solid background in classical linear control theory, basic familiarity with continuous-time Markov chains and probability theory, and some elementary knowledge of operator theory. ​







Signals and Systems Using MATLAB


Book Description

Signals and Systems Using MATLAB, Third Edition, features a pedagogically rich and accessible approach to what can commonly be a mathematically dry subject. Historical notes and common mistakes combined with applications in controls, communications and signal processing help students understand and appreciate the usefulness of the techniques described in the text. This new edition features more end-of-chapter problems, new content on two-dimensional signal processing, and discussions on the state-of-the-art in signal processing. Introduces both continuous and discrete systems early, then studies each (separately) in-depth Contains an extensive set of worked examples and homework assignments, with applications for controls, communications, and signal processing Begins with a review on all the background math necessary to study the subject Includes MATLAB® applications in every chapter




Identification of Continuous-Time Systems


Book Description

Models of dynamical systems are required for various purposes in the field of systems and control. The models are handled either in discrete time (DT) or in continuous time (CT). Physical systems give rise to models only in CT because they are based on physical laws which are invariably in CT. In system identification, indirect methods provide DT models which are then converted into CT. Methods of directly identifying CT models are preferred to the indirect methods for various reasons. The direct methods involve a primary stage of signal processing, followed by a secondary stage of parameter estimation. In the primary stage, the measured signals are processed by a general linear dynamic operation—computational or realized through prefilters, to preserve the system parameters in their native CT form—and the literature is rich on this aspect. In this book: Identification of Continuous-Time Systems-Linear and Robust Parameter Estimation, Allamaraju Subrahmanyam and Ganti Prasada Rao consider CT system models that are linear in their unknown parameters and propose robust methods of estimation. This book complements the existing literature on the identification of CT systems by enhancing the secondary stage through linear and robust estimation. In this book, the authors provide an overview of CT system identification, consider Markov-parameter models and time-moment models as simple linear-in-parameters models for CT system identification, bring them into mainstream model parameterization via basis functions, present a methodology to robustify the recursive least squares algorithm for parameter estimation of linear regression models, suggest a simple off-line error quantification scheme to show that it is possible to quantify error even in the absence of informative priors, and indicate some directions for further research. This modest volume is intended to be a useful addition to the literature on identifying CT systems.




Signals and Systems


Book Description

This text deals with signals, systems, and transforms, from their theoretical mathematical foundations to practical implementation in circuits and computer algorithms. At its conclusion, learners will have a deep understanding of the mathematics and practical issues of signals in continuous and discrete time, linear time invariant systems, convolution, and Fourier transforms.




Continuous Time Dynamical Systems


Book Description

Optimal control deals with the problem of finding a control law for a given system such that a certain optimality criterion is achieved. An optimal control is a set of differential equations describing the paths of the control variables that minimize the cost functional. This book, Continuous Time Dynamical Systems: State Estimation and Optimal Control with Orthogonal Functions, considers different classes of systems with quadratic performance criteria. It then attempts to find the optimal control law for each class of systems using orthogonal functions that can optimize the given performance criteria. Illustrated throughout with detailed examples, the book covers topics including: Block-pulse functions and shifted Legendre polynomials State estimation of linear time-invariant systems Linear optimal control systems incorporating observers Optimal control of systems described by integro-differential equations Linear-quadratic-Gaussian control Optimal control of singular systems Optimal control of time-delay systems with and without reverse time terms Optimal control of second-order nonlinear systems Hierarchical control of linear time-invariant and time-varying systems




Piecewise Affine Control: Continuous-Time, Sampled-Data, and Networked Systems


Book Description

Engineering systems operate through actuators, most of which will exhibit phenomena such as saturation or zones of no operation, commonly known as dead zones. These are examples of piecewise-affine characteristics, and they can have a considerable impact on the stability and performance of engineering systems. This book targets controller design for piecewise affine systems, fulfilling both stability and performance requirements. The authors present a unified computational methodology for the analysis and synthesis of piecewise affine controllers, taking an approach that is capable of handling sliding modes, sampled-data, and networked systems. They introduce algorithms that will be applicable to nonlinear systems approximated by piecewise affine systems, and they feature several examples from areas such as switching electronic circuits, autonomous vehicles, neural networks, and aerospace applications. Piecewise Affine Control: Continuous-Time, Sampled-Data, and Networked Systems is intended for graduate students, advanced senior undergraduate students, and researchers in academia and industry. It is also appropriate for engineers working on applications where switched linear and affine models are important.