Corpus-based Translation of Private Legal Documents


Book Description

Legal translation is hallmarked by peculiarities revolving around language intricacies, particular formulae, and system-specificity issues. At present, there is a spectrum of legal corpora dedicated to court-related topics and legislation, but there is no corpus composed of private legal documents such as contracts and agreements. This book wishes to bridge this gap by providing English-Italian comparable corpora related to the domain of (general) terms and conditions of service, together with a model for their use in the translation classroom. It offers a novel contribution to the scientific community as it makes corpora of private legal documents available for consultation. In addition, it shows that legal corpora built by following rigorous methods can become reliable tools in translator training and, most likely, in translation practice. This book is for students in Translation Studies, professional translators, researchers and scholars in legal language and legal translation, as well as legal practitioners and lawyers.




Computational and Corpus-Based Phraseology


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Computational and Corpus-Based Phraseology, Europhras 2017, held in London, UK, in November 2017. The 31 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions and are organized into the following thematic sessions: Phraseology in translation and contrastive studies, Lexicography and terminography, Exploitation of corpora in phraseological studies, Development of corpora for phraseological studies, Phraseology and language learning, Cognitive and cultural aspects of phraseology, Theoretical and descriptive approaches to phraseology, and Computational approaches to phraseology. The chapter 'Frequency Consolidation Among Word N-Grams' is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.




Legal Machine Translation Explained


Book Description

Machine translation (MT) has made huge strides in the last few decades. In the legal field, however, there are only a few academic works dedicated to exploring how MT can be successfully applied in legal translation practice. There is currently a gap in the literature that concerns studies on the automated translation of legal documents drawn up by international law firms and/or tackled by legal translators. This book bridges this gap by providing an in-depth analysis of MT in legal practice. It explores whether, and to what extent, MT can be considered reliable, or at least acceptable, in the legal field and in legal practice. It investigates whether MT target texts can be used as drafts to be processed further (i.e., post-edited), how we might tackle MT’s shortcomings, and how MT tools could be supplemented with other language resources.




Technology-Enhanced Language Learning for Specialized Domains


Book Description

Technology-Enhanced Language Learning for Specialized Domains provides an exploration of the latest developments in technology-enhanced learning and the processing of languages for specific purposes. It combines theoretical and applied research from an interdisciplinary angle, covering general issues related to learning languages with computers, assessment, mobile-assisted language learning, the new language massive open online courses, corpus-based research and computer-assisted aspects of translation. The chapters in this collection include contributions from a number of international experts in the field with a wide range of experience in the use of technologies to enhance the language learning process. The essays have been brought together precisely in recognition of the demand for this kind of specialised tuition, offering state-of-the-art technological and methodological innovation and practical applications. The topics covered revolve around the practical consequences of the current possibilites of mobility for both learners and teachers, as well as the applicability of updated technological advances to language learning and teaching, particularly in specialized domains. This is achieved through the description and discussion of practical examples of those applications in a variety of educational contexts. At the beginning of each thematic section, readers will find an introductory chapter which contextualises the topic and links the different examples discussed. Drawing together rich primary research and empirical studies related to specialized tuition and the processing of languages, Technology-Enhanced Language Learning for Specialized Domains will be an invaluable resource for academics, researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of education, computer assisted language learning, languages and linguistics, and language teaching.




Corpus Linguistics and Translation Tools for Digital Humanities


Book Description

Presenting the digital humanities as both a domain of practice and as a set of methodological approaches to be applied to corpus linguistics and translation, chapters in this volume provide a novel and original framework to triangulate research for pursuing both scientific and educational goals within the digital humanities. They also highlight more broadly the importance of data triangulation in corpus linguistics and translation studies. Putting forward practical applications for digging into data, this book is a detailed examination of how to integrate quantitative and qualitative approaches through case studies, sample analysis and practical examples.




Legal Translation and Court Interpreting: Ethical Values, Quality, Competence Training


Book Description

This multidisciplinary volume offers a systematic analysis of translation and interpreting as a means of guaranteeing equality under the law as well as global perspectives in legal translation and interpreting contexts. It offers insights into new research on • language policies and linguistic rights in multilingual communities • the role of the interpreter • accreditation of legal translators and interpreters • translator and interpreter education in multiple countries and • approaches to terms and tools for legal settings. The authors explore familiar problems with a view to developing new approaches to language justice by learning from researchers, trainers, practitioners and policy makers. By offering multiple methods and perspectives covering diverse contexts (e.g. in Austria, Belgium, England, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Norway, Poland), this volume is a welcome contribution to legal translation and interpreting studies scholars and practitioners alike, highlighting settings that have received limited attention, such as the linguistic rights of vulnerable populations, as well as practical solutions to methodological and terminological problems.




Arabic-English-Arabic Legal Translation


Book Description

Arabic-English-Arabic Legal Translation provides a groundbreaking investigation of the issues found in legal translation between Arabic and English. Drawing on a contrastive-comparative approach, it analyses parallel authentic legal documents in both Arabic and English to examine the features of legal discourse in both languages and uncover the different translation techniques used. In so doing, it addresses the following questions: What are the features of English and Arabic legal texts? What are the similarities and differences of English and Arabic legal texts? What are the difficult areas of legal translation between English and Arabic legal texts? What are the techniques for translating these difficult areas on the lexical and syntactic levels? Features include: A thorough description of the features of legal translation in both English and Arabic, drawing on empirical new research, corpus data analysis and strategic two-way comparisons between source texts and target texts Coverage of a broad range of topics including an outline of the chosen framework for data analysis, a historical survey of legal discourse developments in both Arabic and English and detailed analyses of legal literature at both the lexical and syntactic levels Attention to common areas of difficulty such as Shariah Law terms, archaic terms and model auxiliaries Many examples and excerpts from a wide selection of authentic legal documents, reinforced by practical discussion points, exercises and practice drills to encourage active engagement with the material and opportunities for hands-on learning. Wide-ranging, scholarly and thought-provoking, this will be a valuable resource for advanced undergraduates and postgraduates on Arabic, Translation Studies and Comparative Linguistics courses. It will also be essential reading for translation professionals and researchers working in the field.




International Journal of Language Studies (IJLS) - Volume 13(3)


Book Description

CONTENTS: Manual and automatic corpus compilation: A case study for legal translations by Patrizia GIAMPIERI (1-16); Teaching purposefully: Considering the perspectives of foreign language learners in language skill development by William K. BIMPONG (17-36); A conversation analytic study of virtual vs. CALL language classes: With reference to adjacency pairs by Ali KAZEMI & Farshad AZIMIFAR (37-60); "I deeply regret that some perceive my being here as political": Rhetorical analysis of Netanyahu's speech on the Iran nuclear deal as a securitizing move by Forough AMIN & Alessandra GAGARIDIS (61-86); Dovetailing focus on form instruction with cognitive styles: A constructive endeavor by Farzin KHALILI & Zhila MOHAMMADNIA (87-108); An etymological exploration and dissection of Sogdian loanwords in Modern Persian by Farrokh HAJIANI (109-134); English for Specific Purposes (ESP): The state of the art (An online interview with Mohammad Hassan Tahririan) by Mohammad Hassan TAHRIRIAN & Azizeh CHALAK (135-141)




Research Methods in Legal Translation and Interpreting


Book Description

The field of Legal translation and interpreting has strongly expanded over recent years. As it has developed into an independent branch of Translation Studies, this book advocates for a substantiated discussion of methods and methodology, as well as knowledge about the variety of approaches actually applied in the field. It is argued that, complex and multifaceted as it is, legal translation calls for research that might cross boundaries across research approaches and disciplines in order to shed light on the many facets of this social practice. The volume addresses the challenge of methodological consolidation, triangulation and refinement. The work presents examples of the variety of theoretical approaches which have been developed in the discipline and of the methodological sophistication which is currently being called for. In this regard, by combining different perspectives, they expand our understanding of the roles played by legal translators and interpreters, who emerge as linguistic and intercultural mediators dealing with a rich variety of legal texts; as knowledge communicators and as builders of specialised knowledge; as social agents performing a socially-situated activity; as decision-makers and agents subject to and redefining power relations, and as political actors shaping legal cultures and negotiating cultural identities, as well as their own professional identity. Chapter 2 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.




Institutional Translation for International Governance


Book Description

This volume provides a state-of-the-art overview of institutional translation issues related to the development of international law and policies for supranational integration and governance. These issues are explored from various angles in selected papers by guest specialists and findings of a large-scale research project led by the editor. Focus is placed on key methodological and policy aspects of legal communication and translation quality in a variety of institutional settings, including several comparative studies of the United Nations and European Union institutions. The first book of its kind on institutional translation with a focus on quality of legal communication, this work offers a unique combination of perspectives drawn together through a multilayered examination of methods (e.g. corpus analysis, comparative law for translation and terminological analysis), skills and working procedures. The chapters are organized into three sections: (1) contemporary issues and methods; (2) translation quality in law- and policy-making and implementation; and (3) translation and multilingual case-law.