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Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 34,45 MB

Release : 2017

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 9789201010179

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Book Description

Nuclear and related techniques can help develop climate smart agricultural practices by optimizing water use efficiency. The measurement of soil water content is essential to improve the use of this resource in agriculture. However, most sensors monitor small areas (less than 1m in radius), hence a large number of sensors are needed to obtain soil water content across a large area. This can be both costly and labour intensive and so larger scale measuring devices are needed as an alternative to traditional point-based soil moisture sensing techniques. The cosmic ray neutron sensor (CRNS) is such a device that monitors soil water content in a non-invasive and continuous way. This publication provides background information about this novel technique, and explains in detail the calibration and validation process.



Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere and Underground

Author : Lev Dorman

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 891 pages

File Size : 38,19 MB

Release : 2013-03-19

Category : Science

ISBN : 1402021135

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Book Description

The present monograph as well as the next one (Dorman, M2005) is a result of more than 50 years working in cosmic ray (CR) research. After graduation in December 1950 Moscow Lomonosov State University (Nuclear and Elementary Particle Physics Division, the Team of Theoretical Physics), my supervisor Professor D. I. Blokhintsev planned for me, as a winner of a Red Diploma, to continue my education as an aspirant (a graduate student) to prepare for Ph. D. in his very secret Object in the framework of what was in those time called the Atomic Problem. To my regret the KGB withheld permission, and I, together with other Jewish students who had graduated Nuclear Divisions of Moscow and Leningrad Universities and Institutes, were faced with a real prospect of being without any work. It was our good fortune that at that time there was being brought into being the new Cosmic Ray Project (what at that time was also very secret, but not as secret as the Atomic Problem), and after some time we were directed to work on this Project. It was organized and headed by Prof. S. N. Vernov (President of All-Union Section of Cosmic Rays) and Prof. N. V. Pushkov (Director of IZMIRAN); Prof. E. L. Feinberg headed the theoretical part of the Project.



Remote Compositional Analysis

Author : Janice L. Bishop

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 655 pages

File Size : 22,35 MB

Release : 2019-11-28

Category : Language Arts & Disciplines

ISBN : 110718620X

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Book Description

Comprehensive overview of the spectroscopic, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques used in planetary remote sensing.



Signals in the Soil

Author : Abdul Salam

Publisher : Springer Nature

Page : 435 pages

File Size : 31,97 MB

Release : 2020-08-16

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3030508617

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Book Description

This book provides an in-depth coverage of the most recent developments in the field of wireless underground communications, from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The authors identify technical challenges and discuss recent results related to improvements in wireless underground communications and soil sensing in Internet of Underground Things (IOUT). The book covers both existing network technologies and those currently in development in three major areas of SitS: wireless underground communications, subsurface sensing, and antennas in the soil medium. The authors explore novel applications of Internet of Underground Things in digital agriculture and autonomous irrigation management domains. The book is relevant to wireless researchers, academics, students, and decision agriculture professionals. The contents of the book are arranged in a comprehensive and easily accessible format. Focuses on fundamental issues of wireless underground communication and subsurface sensing; Includes advanced treatment of IOUT custom applications of variable-rate technologies in the field of decision agriculture, and covers protocol design and wireless underground channel modeling; Provides a detailed set of path loss, antenna, and wireless underground channel measurements in various novel Signals in the Soil (SitS) testbed settings.



Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing: Estimation of Agricultural Crop Biomass Water Equivalent

Author : Ammar Wahbi

Publisher : Springer

Page : 38 pages

File Size : 11,76 MB

Release : 2018-04-05

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3319695398

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Book Description

This open access book provides methods for the estimation of Biomass Water Equivalent (BEW), an essential step for improving the accuracy of area-wide soil moisture by cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS). Three techniques are explained in detail: (i) traditional in-situ destructive sampling, (ii) satellite based remote sensing of plant surfaces, and (iii) biomass estimation via the use of the CRNS itself. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed along with step by step instructions on proper procedures and implementation.



Sensors Application in Agriculture

Author : Dimitrios S. Paraforos

Publisher : MDPI

Page : 228 pages

File Size : 12,36 MB

Release : 2020-11-06

Category : Science

ISBN : 3039432583

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Book Description

Novel technologies are playing an important role in the development of crop and livestock farming and have the potential to be the key drivers of sustainable intensification of agricultural systems. In particular, new sensors are now available with reduced dimensions, reduced costs, and increased performances, which can be implemented and integrated in production systems, providing more data and eventually an increase in information. It is of great importance to support the digital transformation, precision agriculture, and smart farming, and to eventually allow a revolution in the way food is produced. In order to exploit these results, authoritative studies from the research world are still needed to support the development and implementation of new solutions and best practices. This Special Issue is aimed at bringing together recent developments related to novel sensors and their proved or potential applications in agriculture.



Subsurface Sensing

Author : Ahmet S. Turk

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 916 pages

File Size : 17,35 MB

Release : 2011-07-06

Category : Science

ISBN : 0470608560

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Book Description

This book provides readers with a solid understanding of the capabilities and limitations of the techniques used for buried object detection. Presenting theory along with applications and the existing technology, it covers the most recent developments in hardware and software technologies of sensor systems with a focus on primary sensors such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and auxiliary sensors such as Nuclear Quadruple Resonance (NQR). It is essential reading for students, practitioners, specialists, and academicians involved in the design and implementation of buried object detection sensors.



The Sun, the Earth, and Near-earth Space

Author : John A. Eddy

Publisher : Government Printing Office

Page : 316 pages

File Size : 49,29 MB

Release : 2009

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 9780160838088

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Book Description

" ... Concise explanations and descriptions - easily read and readily understood - of what we know of the chain of events and processes that connect the Sun to the Earth, with special emphasis on space weather and Sun-Climate."--Dear Reader.



Lunar Sourcebook

Author : Grant Heiken

Publisher : CUP Archive

Page : 796 pages

File Size : 11,12 MB

Release : 1991-04-26

Category : Science

ISBN : 9780521334440

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Book Description

The only work to date to collect data gathered during the American and Soviet missions in an accessible and complete reference of current scientific and technical information about the Moon.



Radiation Tolerant Electronics

Author : Paul Leroux

Publisher : MDPI

Page : 210 pages

File Size : 45,90 MB

Release : 2019-08-26

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3039212796

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Book Description

Research on radiation-tolerant electronics has increased rapidly over the past few years, resulting in many interesting approaches to modeling radiation effects and designing radiation-hardened integrated circuits and embedded systems. This research is strongly driven by the growing need for radiation-hardened electronics for space applications, high-energy physics experiments such as those on the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, and many terrestrial nuclear applications including nuclear energy and nuclear safety. With the progressive scaling of integrated circuit technologies and the growing complexity of electronic systems, their susceptibility to ionizing radiation has raised many exciting challenges, which are expected to drive research in the coming decade. In this book we highlight recent breakthroughs in the study of radiation effects in advanced semiconductor devices, as well as in high-performance analog, mixed signal, RF, and digital integrated circuits. We also focus on advances in embedded radiation hardening in both FPGA and microcontroller systems and apply radiation-hardened embedded systems for cryptography and image processing, targeting space applications.