Cost/benefit and Risk Assessment Procedure for the Product Evaluation Program: Product evaluation model, final report


Book Description

The Product Evaluation Model (PEM) is designed to enable the Product Resource Investment Deployment and Evaluation (PRIDE) program of the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) to determine the likelihood that a new product is a worthwhile investment from an economic point of view, namely that its benefits outweigh its costs. The model defines characteristics, (or "attributes"), associated with products, utilizes their appropriate units of measure (metrics) and translates these product characteristics into the estimated costs and benefits that occur over a user-defined analysis period. The main feature of the model is to measure the relative change in metrics that occurs with the use of a new product and to forecast the net present value (NPV), or the discounted, present day value of all benefits minus all costs, associated with this change. The resulting estimate of economic benefits allows transportation officials to rank or choose among alternative products based on economic criteria. This volume is the second in a series of two. Volume I is the final project report, containing information on the technical background, analytic approach and verification of the PEM




Cost/benefit and Risk Assessment Procedure for the Product Evaluation Program: Product evaluation model, reference manual and user's guide + diskette


Book Description

The Product Evaluation Model (PEM) is designed to enable the Product Resource Investment Deployment and Evaluation (PRIDE) program of the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) to determine the likelihood that a new product is a worthwhile investment from an economic point of view, namely that its benefits outweigh its costs. The model defines characteristics, (or "attributes"), associated with products, utilizes their appropriate units of measure (metrics) and translates these product characteristics into the estimated costs and benefits that occur over a user-defined analysis period. The main feature of the model is to measure the relative change in metrics that occurs with the use of a new product and to forecast the net present value (NPV), or the discounted, present day value of all benefits minus all costs, associated with this change. The resulting estimate of economic benefits allows transportation officials to rank or choose among alternative products based on economic criteria. This volume is the second in a series of two. Volume I is the final project report, containing information on the technical background, analytic approach and verification of the PEM







Economic Evaluation in Education


Book Description

The past decade has seen increased attention to cost-effectiveness and benefit-cost analysis in education as administrators are being asked to accomplish more with the same or even fewer resources, philanthropists are keen to calculate their "return on investment" in social programs, and the general public is increasingly scrutinizing how resources are allocated to schools and colleges. Economic Evaluation in Education: Cost-Effectiveness and Benefit-Cost Analysis (titled Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Methods and Applications in its previous editions) is the only full-length book to provide readers with the step-by-step methods they need to plan and implement a benefit-cost analysis in education. Authors Henry M. Levin, Patrick J. McEwan, Clive Belfield, Alyshia Brooks Bowden, and Robert Shand examine a range of issues, including how to identify, measure, and distribute costs; how to measure effectiveness, utility, and benefits; and how to incorporate cost evaluations into the decision-making process. The updates to the Third Edition reflect the considerable methodological development in the evaluation literature, and the greater empiricism practiced by education researchers, to help readers learn to apply more advanced methods to their own analyses.




Benefit-Risk Assessment Methods in Medical Product Development


Book Description

Guides You on the Development and Implementation of B–R Evaluations Benefit–Risk Assessment Methods in Medical Product Development: Bridging Qualitative and Quantitative Assessments provides general guidance and case studies to aid practitioners in selecting specific benefit–risk (B–R) frameworks and quantitative methods. Leading experts from industry, regulatory agencies, and academia present practical examples, lessons learned, and best practices that illustrate how to conduct structured B–R assessment in clinical development and regulatory submission. The first section of the book discusses the role of B–R assessments in medicine development and regulation, the need for both a common B–R framework and patient input into B–R decisions, and future directions. The second section focuses on legislative and regulatory policy initiatives as well as decisions made at the U.S. FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health. The third section examines key elements of B–R evaluations in a product’s life cycle, such as uncertainty evaluation and quantification, quantifying patient B–R trade-off preferences, ways to identify subgroups with the best B–R profiles, and data sources used to assist B–R assessment. The fourth section equips practitioners with tools to conduct B–R evaluations, including assessment methodologies, a quantitative joint modeling and joint evaluation framework, and several visualization tools. The final section presents a rich collection of case studies. With top specialists sharing their in-depth knowledge, thought-provoking considerations, and practical advice, this book offers comprehensive coverage of B–R evaluation methods, tools, and case studies. It gives practitioners a much-needed toolkit to develop and conduct their own B–R evaluations.










Research in Education


Book Description