Higher Education in the BRICS Countries


Book Description

In spite of the increasing attention attributed to the rise in prominence of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries, few studies have looked at the ways in which broader social expectations with respect to the role of higher education across the BRICS have changed, or not, in recent years. Our point of departure is that, contrary to the conventional wisdom focusing on functionalistic perspectives, higher education systems are not just designed by governments to fulfill certain functions, but have a tendency for evolving in a rather unpredictable fashion as a result of the complex interplay between a number of internal and external factors. In reality, national higher education systems develop and change according to a complex process that encompasses the expectations of governmental agencies, markets, the aspirations of the population for the benefits of education, the specific institutional traditions and cultures of higher education institutions, and, increasingly so, the interests and strategies of the private firms entering and offering services in the higher education market. This basically means that it is of outmost importance to move away from conceiving of "universities" or "higher education" as single, monolithic actors or sector. One way of doing this is by investigating a selected number of distinct, but nonetheless interrelated factors or drivers, which, taken together, help determine the nature and scope of the social compact between higher education (its core actors and institutions) and society at large (government, industry, local communities, professional associations).




World Class Worldwide


Book Description

Nations with strong research universities are better able to compete in the international marketplace of ideas and innovation. Any country—especially in the developing world—striving to participate in the global knowledge economy must recognize the power of such institutions to transform society. In World Class Worldwide, analysts from developing and middle-income countries in Asia and Latin America explore their countries’ specific challenges in providing “world class” higher education. Philip G. Altbach, Jorge Balán, and their contributors combine current scholarship and practical experience in presenting a comprehensive discussion of the significant issues facing research universities in Mexico, China, India, and elsewhere. They address the special challenges of establishing and maintaining these institutions; the role of information technology; how research universities train leaders and foster scientific innovation; and the extent to which the private sector can and should be involved in funding and development.




Handbook of Research on Education for Participative Citizenship and Global Prosperity


Book Description

Active participation in processes of change are an essential aspect of community participation, and proper recognition of opportunities for participation facilitate community engagement nationally and internationally. Education and its relation to citizenship in recent years has become one of the most important fields of research. From different areas and contexts, it has been revealed that there is a prevailing need for education for citizens to take part actively in the processes of change and improvement that the current global situation requires. The Handbook of Research on Education for Participative Citizenship and Global Prosperity is a pivotal reference source focusing on the productions and fields of study that are carried out all over the world on education for citizenship, namely the devices that provide young people with the consciousness and highlight the aspects of an active democratic life. While highlighting topics such as citizenship identity, educational policy, and social justice, this publication explores participation instruction, as well as the methods of community involvement. This book is ideally designed for educational administrators, policymakers, researchers, professionals, and educators seeking current research on instructional methods for teaching active community and political involvement.





Book Description




Intercultural Studies in Higher Education


Book Description

This book explores the study of policies and practices in Higher Education by comparing systems, institutions, programs, innovations, results and cultures. In a rapidly changing global and international marketplace, the growth of higher education has occurred within distinct cultural contexts, meaning that change is reflected within local, regional, national and global perspectives. Using a single data methodology across countries and continents, the editors and contributors explore higher education reforms between global and local dimensions, the expansion of access and democratisation, and relevant aspects in the organisation and management of higher education. In doing so, this book arrives at an understanding of higher education at a truly intercultural level, which can lead to a deeper and more holistic understanding of policies and practices in higher education. This innovative book will be of interest and value to students and scholars of higher education across the world as well as the study of interculturality.




Education for Innovation and Independent Learning


Book Description

Our principal concern in this book is to understand three important ideas: learning, technology and innovation, and to examine these ideas and the relationships between them in situ; that is, we examine a number of cases of learning technologies in action in two countries, England and Brazil. The purpose of our study is to provide an explanation of the means to, and constraints on, improvements to educational policies and practices, with particular reference to innovation. We have a plethora of theoretical models that in attempting to deal with causal relations usually come to the conclusion that there are socio-economic-cultural constraints, but these observations largely remain at an abstract level and/or come to very general conclusions that are not of particular help to practitioners in the field. These issues can only be properly addressed after examining the empirical reality and having a spectrum of cases to analyze. By combining the theoretical and the practical, our aim is to explain how and under what conditions new modes of learning can be put into practice successfully and sustainably, in order for the learner to develop innovatory skills and dispositions for work and in the life course.




Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Internationalization


Book Description

In a global and increasingly competitive world, companies must be aware of important drivers. Entrepreneurship and innovation are important contributions to the development of economies and creation of employment, gaining relevance in the business context due to a more complex market and needs for higher differentiation. The Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Internationalization provides key data to business managers on dealing with entrepreneurship, as well as for creating networks and complementarities for leveraging the firm’s activity in order to help plan and control innovation and internationalization processes to avoid risk and increase the firm’s value. The content within this publication includes topics such as family business, economics, and business education. It is designed for entrepreneurs, managers, researchers, academicians, and students.




Persistence and Emergencies of Inequalities in Latin America


Book Description

This book adopts a multidimensional approach to analyze both the historical and emerging factors that contribute to make Latin America and the Caribbean the most unequal region in the world. Social inequality is a historical characteristic of the region, but at the beginning of the 21st century, a handful of progressive governments seemed to be adopting policies that could reduce this historical trend. Many of these efforts, however, were blocked or reversed by the COVID-19 pandemic, which both exposed the persistence of historical trends and contributed to the emergency of new forms of inequality in the region. The different chapters in this contributed volume adopt a multidimensional, intersectional, perspective to analyze both the persistence and the emergency of social devices of production and reproduction of inequalities in the diverse Latin American and Caribbean temporal spatialities. The issues analyzed in the different chapters revolve around four main axes: a) persistence of generational and intergenerational inequalities; b) structural gender inequality; c) intertwined social inequalities: race, class and social structure and; c) historical and economic dimension of inequality. Persistence and Emergencies of Inequalities in Latin America: A Multidimensional Approach will be of interest to researchers interested in the study of social inequality and social justice in different fields of the human and social sciences, such as sociology, political science, history, economics, anthropology and education. It will also be a valuable tool for policy makers and social activists engaged in the discussion, advocacy and implementation of public policies aimed at reducing social inequalities.




Decolonizing the Internationalization of Higher Education in the Global South


Book Description

This book reconceives the internationalization of higher education from the perspective of Global-South researchers, empowering and giving visibility to this discourse. Challenging the first assumptions of internationalization of higher education (IHE) as something overwhelmingly positive owing to the way it directly impacts the university activities and their world rankings, it instead takes a critical perspective, acknowledging that this process is associated with a neo-liberal and colonial orientation that focuses on the maintenance of historically sustained hierarchy, oppressive relations that stimulate the production of knowledge, and education as a commodity and not as a factor of social transformation. As such, it challenges recent trends towards an increase in internationalization strategies within higher education that privilege Global-North outgoing mobilities and research collaborations to sustain the position of the educational institutions in the international rankings. From this locus, IHE is seen to evolve not only in the fields of teaching, research, and service of an educational institution but also to boost the world’s social development. The book thus illustrates how IHE should be guided by Critical Applied Linguistics (CAL) and Global South’s principles: applied linguistics, praxis, critical thinking, micro and macro relations, critical social inquiry, critical theory, problematizing givens, self-reflexivity, preferred futures, and heterosis. Comprising chapters that discuss academic, political, and administrative issues arising specifically from the internationalization process of Global-South higher education institutions as well as themes such as critical language education and language policies, it will appeal to faculty, researchers, and scholars with interests in higher education, international and comparative education, and the decolonization of education.




Knowledge Production and Contradictory Functions in African Higher Education


Book Description

The dominant global discourse in higher education now focuses on world-class universities inevitably located predominantly in North America, Europe and, increasingly, East Asia. The rest of the world, including Africa, is left to play catch-up. But that discourse should focus rather on the tensions, even contradictions, between excellence and engagement with which all universities must grapple. Here the African experience has much to offer the high-participation and generously resourced systems of the so-called developed world. This book offers a critical review of that experience, and so makes a major contribution to our understanding of higher education.