Design and Creation of Different Simulation Architectures for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles


Book Description

Development of electric vehicle architectures requires complex analysis and innovative designs in order to produce a highly efficient mode of personal transportation acceptable to the target demographic. Using computer-aided modeling and simulation has been proven to decrease the development time of conventional vehicles while increasing overall success of the product design. Computer-aided automotive development also allows a fast response to the testing and inclusion of developing technologies in individual systems. Therefore, it follows to use this technique in the research and development of electric vehicles for consumer markets. This paper presents a system level model development and simulation for an electric vehicle using the Matlab-Simulink platform and its associated process. The current state of the art technologies for electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are given to provide an introduction into the subject. Following, the project development is briefly described, detailing the specific goals for the project and the methods by which results were achieved. Next the paper discusses the analytical and simulation models for each key component as divided by the following systems: battery, charging, and traction. Model assembly and the development of a graphic user interface follows. Finally, the testing procedures for model validation, along with results, and future project works are provided.




Modeling for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles Using Simscape


Book Description

Automobiles have played an important role in the shaping of the human civilization for over a century and continue to play a crucial role today. The design, construction, and performance of automobiles have evolved over the years. For many years, there has been a strong shift toward electrification of automobiles. It started with the by-wire systems where more efficient electro-mechanical subsystems started replacing purely mechanical devices, e.g., anti-lock brakes, drive-by-wire, and cruise control. Over the last decade, driven by a strong push for fuel efficiency, pollution reduction, and environmental stewardship, electric and hybrid electric vehicles have become quite popular. In fact, almost all the automobile manufacturers have adopted strategies and launched vehicle models that are electric and/or hybrid. With this shift in technology, employers have growing needs for new talent in areas such as energy storage and battery technology, power electronics, electric motor drives, embedded control systems, and integration of multi-disciplinary systems. To support these needs, universities are adjusting their programs to train students in these new areas of expertise. For electric and hybrid technology to deliver superior performance and efficiency, all sub-systems have to work seamlessly and in unison every time and all the time. To ensure this level of precision and reliability, modeling and simulation play crucial roles during the design and development cycle of electric and hybrid vehicles. Simscape, a Matlab/Simulink toolbox for modeling physical systems, is an ideally suited platform for developing and deploying models for systems and sub-systems that are critical for hybrid and electric vehicles. This text will focus on guiding the reader in the development of models for all critical areas of hybrid and electric vehicles. There are numerous texts on electric and hybrid vehicles in the market right now. A majority of these texts focus on the relevant technology and the physics and engineering of their operation. In contrast, this text focuses on the application of some of the theories in developing models of physical systems that are at the core of hybrid and electric vehicles. Simscape is the tool of choice for the development of these models. Relevant background and appropriate theory are referenced and summarized in the context of model development with significantly more emphasis on the model development procedure and obtaining usable and accurate results.




Electric Vehicle Design


Book Description

ELECTRIC VEHICLE DESIGN This book will serve as a definitive guide to conceptual and practical knowledge about the design of hybrid electrical vehicles (HEV), battery electrical vehicles (BEV), fuel cell electrical vehicles (FCEV), plug-in hybrid electrical vehicles (PHEV), and efficient EV charging techniques with advanced tools and methodologies for students, engineers, and academics alike. This book deals with novel concepts related to fundamentals, design, and applications of conventional automobiles with internal combustion engines (ICEs), electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). It broadly covers vehicle performance, configuration, control strategy, design methodology, modeling, and simulation for different conventional and hybrid vehicles based on mathematical equations. Fundamental and practical examples of conventional electrical machines, advanced electrical machines, battery energy sources, on-board charging and off-board charging techniques, and optimization methods are presented here. This book can be useful for students, researchers, and practitioners interested in different problems and challenges associated with electric vehicles. Furthermore, in explaining the design methodology of each drive train, design examples are presented with simulation results.




An Architecture for the Simulation of a Hybrid Vehicle Based on an Object Oriented Approach


Book Description

Abstract: Real-world systems are complex and often difficult to construct, requiring a significant amount of time and effort. Designing new systems may require extensive testing and, if not successful, can result in expensive construction costs. Computer simulations provide a means of potentially avoiding unnecessary expense and speeding up design of a system by allowing designers to create, test, and adjust designs without physically building them. Although a simulation typically can't guarantee a perfectly accurate representation of a real-world system, it can provide the designer with an indication of whether the simulated design will be successful. If the simulation indicates problems with the design, then the designer can investigate and correct the issues before attempting to build a physical system from that design. Object Oriented design in software development is a popular design practice that involves "componentizing" the pieces of a software system into independent logical pieces, which promotes reusability and insulates the software from the impacts of changes in the system. An object oriented approach to building a simulation of a realworld system offers these benefits as well, allowing changes to be made to the simulation without impacting the fundamental design of the simulation or affecting other pieces of the system and potentially allowing software components to be reused for other purposes outside of the simulation. This thesis focuses on designing an architecture for the simulation of a real-world system using object oriented software engineering techniques. The real-world system being simulated in this thesis is a vehicle, in this case a hybrid vehicle, designed by The Ohio State Challenge X team [6]. The architecture for the simulation of the vehicle has been analyzed and abstracted as components, which allow parts of the system to be modified without affecting other parts. For instance, the component representing the hybrid vehicle could be switched with another component that represents a different hybrid vehicle or even a non-hybrid vehicle without impacting the rest of the simulation, provided that both components have the same basic interface. This thesis does not focus on modeling the vehicle itself, that effort is part of another master thesis. In this thesis the focus is on designing architecture for simulation into which any vehicle that conforms to the contracts (interfaces) can be simulated. This thesis focuses on the design and implementation of the simulation architecture as well as the design of "real time" driver and telemetry components based on a responsive GUI (Graphical User Interface)




Introduction to Hybrid Vehicle System Modeling and Control


Book Description

This is an engineering reference book on hybrid vehicle system analysis and design, an outgrowth of the author's substantial work in research, development and production at the National Research Council Canada, Azure Dynamics and now General Motors. It is an irreplaceable tool for helping engineers develop algorithms and gain a thorough understanding of hybrid vehicle systems. This book covers all the major aspects of hybrid vehicle modeling, control, simulation, performance analysis and preliminary design. It not only systemically provides the basic knowledge of hybrid vehicle system configuration and main components, but also details their characteristics and mathematic models. Provides valuable technical expertise necessary for building hybrid vehicle system and analyzing performance via drivability, fuel economy and emissions Built from the author's industry experience at major vehicle companies including General Motors and Azure Dynamics Inc. Offers algorithm implementations and figures/examples extracted from actual practice systems Suitable for a training course on hybrid vehicle system development with supplemental materials An essential resource enabling hybrid development and design engineers to understand the hybrid vehicle systems necessary for control algorithm design and developments.




Electric and Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles


Book Description

This book is designed as an interdisciplinary platform for specialists working in electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles powertrain design and development, and for scientists who want to get access to information related to electric and hybrid vehicle energy management, efficiency and control. The book presents the methodology of simulation that allows the specialist to evaluate electric and hybrid vehicle powertrain energy flow, efficiency, range and consumption. The mathematics behind each electric and hybrid vehicle component is explained and for each specific vehicle the powertrain is analyzed and output results presented through the use of specific automotive industrial software (AVL Cruise , IPG CarMaker, AVL Concerto). This methodology of electric and hybrid powertrain design serves to broaden understanding of how the energy flow, efficiency, range and consumption of these vehicles can be adjusted, updated and predicted via development processes.




Electric and Hybrid Vehicles


Book Description

Thoroughly updated to encompass the significant technological advances since the publication of the first edition, Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Design Fundamentals, Second Edition presents the design fundamentals, component sizing, and systems interactions of alternative vehicles. This new edition of a widely praised, bestselling textbook maintains the comprehensive, systems-level perspective of electric and hybrid vehicles while covering the hybrid architectures and components of the vehicle in much greater detail. The author emphasizes technical details, mathematical relationships, and design guidelines throughout the text. New to the Second Edition New chapters on sizing and design guidelines for various hybrid architectures, control strategies for hybrid vehicles, powertrain component cooling systems, and in-vehicle communication methods New sections on modeling of energy storage components, tire-road force mechanics, compressed air-storage, DC/DC converters, emission control systems, electromechanical brakes, and vehicle fuel economy Reorganization of power electronics, electric machines, and motor drives sections Enhanced sections on mechanical components that now include more technical descriptions and example problems An emphasis on the integration of mechanical and electrical components, taking into account the interdisciplinary nature of automotive engineering As an advisor to the University of Akron’s team in the Challenge X: Crossover to Sustainable Mobility, Dr. Husain knows first-hand how to teach students both the fundamentals and cutting-edge technologies of the next generation of automotives. This text shows students how electrical and mechanical engineers must work together to complete an alternative vehicle system. It empowers them to carry on state-of-the-art research and development in automotive engineering in order to meet today’s needs of clean, efficient, and sustainable vehicles.




Hybrid Electric Vehicles


Book Description

Modern Hybrid Electric Vehicles provides vital guidance to help a new generation of engineers master the principles of and further advance hybrid vehicle technology. The authors address purely electric, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, hybrid hydraulic, fuel cell, and off-road hybrid vehicle systems. They focus on the power and propulsion systems for these vehicles, including issues related to power and energy management. They concentrate on material that is not readily available in other hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) books such as design examples for hybrid vehicles, and cover new developments in the field including electronic CVT, plug-in hybrid, and new power converters and controls. Covers hybrid vs. pure electric, HEV system architecture (including plug-in and hydraulic), off-road and other industrial utility vehicles, non-ground-vehicle applications like ships, locomotives, aircrafts, system reliability, EMC, storage technologies, vehicular power and energy management, diagnostics and prognostics, and electromechanical vibration issues. Contains core fundamentals and principles of modern hybrid vehicles at component level and system level. Provides graduate students and field engineers with a text suitable for classroom teaching or self-study.







Modeling and Control of Hybrid Propulsion System for Ground Vehicles


Book Description

This book focuses on the systematic design of architectures, parameters and control of typical hybrid propulsion systems for wheeled and tracked vehicles based on a combination of theoretical research and engineering practice. Adopting a mechatronic system dynamics perspective, principles and methods from the fields of optimal control and system optimization are applied in order to analyze the hybrid propulsion configuration and controller design. Case investigations for typical hybrid propulsion systems of wheeled and tracked ground vehicles are also provided.